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tractor/piker/tractor.py

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"""
tracor: An actor model micro-framework.
"""
from collections import defaultdict
from functools import partial
from typing import Coroutine
import importlib
import inspect
import multiprocessing as mp
import traceback
import uuid
import trio
from async_generator import asynccontextmanager
from .ipc import Channel
from .log import get_console_log, get_logger
ctx = mp.get_context("forkserver")
log = get_logger('tractor')
# set at startup and after forks
_current_actor = None
# for debugging
log = get_console_log('debug')
class ActorFailure(Exception):
"General actor failure"
class RemoteActorError(ActorFailure):
"Remote actor exception bundled locally"
@asynccontextmanager
async def maybe_open_nursery(nursery=None):
"""Create a new nursery if None provided.
Blocks on exit as expected if no input nursery is provided.
"""
if nursery is not None:
yield nursery
else:
async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
yield nursery
async def _invoke(
cid, chan, func, kwargs,
treat_as_gen=False, raise_errs=False):
"""Invoke local func and return results over provided channel.
"""
try:
is_async_func = False
if isinstance(func, partial):
is_async_func = inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func.func)
if not inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func) and not is_async_func:
await chan.send({'return': func(**kwargs), 'cid': cid})
else:
coro = func(**kwargs)
if inspect.isasyncgen(coro):
# await chan.send('gen')
async for item in coro:
# TODO: can we send values back in here?
# How do we do it, spawn another task?
# to_send = await chan.recv()
# if to_send is not None:
# await coro.send(to_send)
await chan.send({'yield': item, 'cid': cid})
else:
if treat_as_gen:
# XXX: the async-func may spawn further tasks which push
# back values like an async-generator would but must
# manualy construct the response dict-packet-responses as above
await coro
else:
await chan.send({'return': await coro, 'cid': cid})
except Exception:
if not raise_errs:
await chan.send({'error': traceback.format_exc(), 'cid': cid})
else:
raise
async def get_result(q):
"""Process a msg from a remote actor.
"""
first_msg = await q.get()
if 'return' in first_msg:
return 'return', first_msg, q
elif 'yield' in first_msg:
return 'yield', first_msg, q
elif 'error' in first_msg:
raise RemoteActorError(first_msg['error'])
else:
raise ValueError(f"{first_msg} is an invalid response packet?")
class Actor:
"""The fundamental concurrency primitive.
An actor is the combination of a ``multiprocessing.Process``
executing a ``trio`` task tree, communicating with other actors
through "portals" which provide a native async API around "channels".
"""
is_arbiter = False
def __init__(
self,
name: str,
main: Coroutine = None,
rpc_module_paths: [str] = [],
statespace: dict = {},
uid: str = None,
allow_rpc: bool = True,
):
self.uid = (name, uid or str(uuid.uuid1()))
self.rpc_module_paths = rpc_module_paths
self._mods = {}
self.main = main
# TODO: consider making this a dynamically defined
# @dataclass once we get py3.7
self.statespace = statespace
self._allow_rpc = allow_rpc
# filled in by `_async_main` after fork
self._peers = {}
self._actors2calls = {} # map {uids -> {callids -> waiter queues}}
self._listeners = []
self._parent_chan = None
self._accept_host = None
async def wait_for_peer(self, uid):
"""Wait for a connection back from a spawned actor with a given
``uid``.
"""
log.debug(f"Waiting for peer {uid} to connect")
event = self._peers.setdefault(uid, trio.Event())
await event.wait()
return event, self._peers[uid]
def load_namespaces(self):
# We load namespaces after fork since this actor may
# be spawned on a different machine from the original nursery
# and we need to try and load the local module code (if it
# exists)
for path in self.rpc_module_paths:
self._mods[path] = importlib.import_module(path)
async def _stream_handler(
self,
stream: trio.SocketStream,
):
"""
Entry point for new inbound connections to the channel server.
"""
chan = Channel(stream=stream)
log.info(f"New {chan} connected to us")
# send/receive initial handshake response
await chan.send(self.uid)
uid = await chan.recv()
chan.uid = uid
log.info(f"Handshake with actor {uid}@{chan.raddr} complete")
# XXX WTF!?!! THIS BLOCKS RANDOMLY?
# assert tuple(raddr) == chan.laddr
event = self._peers.pop(uid, None)
chan.event = event
self._peers[uid] = chan
log.info(f"Registered {chan} for {uid}")
log.debug(f"Retrieved event {event}")
# Instructing connection: this is likely a new channel to
# a recently spawned actor which we'd like to control via
# async-rpc calls.
if event and getattr(event, 'set', None):
log.info(f"Waking waiters of {event.statistics()}")
# Alert any task waiting on this connection to come up
event.set()
event.clear() # now consumer can wait on this channel to close
# Begin channel management - respond to remote requests and
# process received reponses.
try:
await self._process_messages(chan)
finally:
# Drop ref to channel so it can be gc-ed
self._peers.pop(chan.uid, None)
chan.event.set()
log.debug(f"Releasing channel {chan}")
def _push_result(self, actorid, cid, msg):
q = self.get_waitq(actorid, cid)
log.debug(f"Delivering {msg} from {actorid} to caller {cid}")
q.put_nowait(msg)
def get_waitq(self, actorid, cid):
if actorid not in self._actors2calls:
log.warn(f"Caller id {cid} is not yet registered?")
cids2qs = self._actors2calls.setdefault(actorid, {})
if cid not in cids2qs:
log.warn(f"Caller id {cid} is not yet registered?")
return cids2qs.setdefault(cid, trio.Queue(1000))
async def invoke_cmd(self, chan, ns, func, kwargs):
"""Invoke a remote command by sending a `cmd` message and waiting
on the msg processing loop for its response(s).
"""
cid = uuid.uuid1()
q = self.get_waitq(chan.uid, cid)
await chan.send((ns, func, kwargs, self.uid, cid))
return await get_result(q)
async def _process_messages(self, chan, treat_as_gen=False):
"""Process messages async-RPC style.
Process rpc requests and deliver retrieved responses from channels.
"""
log.debug(f"Entering async-rpc loop for {chan}")
async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
async for msg in chan.aiter_recv():
log.debug(f"Received msg {msg}")
# try:
cid = msg.get('cid')
if cid: # deliver response to local caller/waiter
self._push_result(chan.uid, cid, msg)
continue
else:
ns, funcname, kwargs, actorid, cid = msg['cmd']
# except Exception:
# await chan.send({'error': traceback.format_exc()})
# break
log.debug(
f"Processing request from {actorid}\n"
f"{ns}.{funcname}({kwargs})")
# TODO: accept a sentinel which cancels this task tree?
if ns == 'self':
func = getattr(self, funcname)
else:
func = getattr(self._mods[ns], funcname)
# spin up a task for the requested function
sig = inspect.signature(func)
treat_as_gen = False
if 'chan' in sig.parameters:
kwargs['chan'] = chan
# TODO: eventually we want to be more stringent
# about what is considered a far-end async-generator.
# Right now both actual async gens and any async
# function which declares a `chan` kwarg in its
# signature will be treated as one.
treat_as_gen = True
nursery.start_soon(
_invoke, cid, chan, func, kwargs, treat_as_gen,
name=funcname
)
log.debug(f"Exiting msg loop for {chan}")
def _fork_main(self, accept_addr, parent_addr=None):
# after fork routine which invokes a fresh ``trio.run``
log.info(f"self._peers are {self._peers}")
log.info(
f"Started new {ctx.current_process()} for actor {self.uid}")
global _current_actor
_current_actor = self
log.debug(f"parent_addr is {parent_addr}")
trio.run(
partial(self._async_main, accept_addr, parent_addr=parent_addr))
log.debug(f"Actor {self.uid} terminated")
async def _async_main(self, accept_addr, parent_addr=None, nursery=None):
"""Start the channel server and main task.
A "root-most" (or "top-level") nursery for this actor is opened here
and when cancelled effectively cancels the actor.
"""
result = None
try:
async with maybe_open_nursery(nursery) as nursery:
self._root_nursery = nursery
# Startup up channel server, optionally begin serving RPC
# requests from the parent.
host, port = accept_addr
await self._serve_forever(
nursery, accept_host=host, accept_port=port,
)
if parent_addr is not None:
# Connect back to the parent actor and conduct initial
# handshake (From this point on if we error ship the
# exception back to the parent actor)
chan = self._parent_chan = Channel(
destaddr=parent_addr,
on_reconnect=self.main
)
await chan.connect()
# initial handshake, report who we are, figure out who they are
await chan.send(self.uid)
uid = await chan.recv()
if uid in self._peers:
log.warn(
f"already have channel for {uid} registered?"
)
else:
self._peers[uid] = chan
# handle new connection back to parent
if self._allow_rpc:
self.load_namespaces()
nursery.start_soon(self._process_messages, chan)
if self.main:
log.debug(f"Starting main task `{self.main}`")
if self._parent_chan:
# start "main" routine in a task
nursery.start_soon(
_invoke, 'main', self._parent_chan, self.main, {},
False, True # treat_as_gen, raise_errs params
)
else:
# run directly
result = await self.main()
# blocks here as expected if no nursery was provided until
# the channel server is killed (i.e. this actor is
# cancelled or signalled by the parent actor)
except Exception:
if self._parent_chan:
log.exception("Actor errored:")
await self._parent_chan.send(
{'error': traceback.format_exc(), 'cid': 'main'})
else:
raise
return result
async def _serve_forever(
self,
nursery, # spawns main func and channel server
*,
# (host, port) to bind for channel server
accept_host=None,
accept_port=0,
task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED
):
"""Main coroutine: connect back to the parent, spawn main task, begin
listening for new messages.
"""
log.debug(f"Starting tcp server on {accept_host}:{accept_port}")
listeners = await nursery.start(
partial(
trio.serve_tcp,
self._stream_handler,
handler_nursery=nursery,
port=accept_port, host=accept_host,
)
)
self._listeners.extend(listeners)
log.debug(f"Spawned {listeners}")
# when launched in-process, trigger awaiter's completion
task_status.started()
def cancel(self):
"""This cancels the internal root-most nursery thereby gracefully
cancelling (for all intents and purposes) this actor.
"""
self._root_nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
@property
def accept_addr(self):
"""Primary address to which the channel server is bound.
"""
return self._listeners[0].socket.getsockname() \
if self._listeners else None
def get_parent(self):
return Portal(self._parent_chan)
class Arbiter(Actor):
"""A special actor who knows all the other actors and always has
access to the top level nursery.
The arbiter is by default the first actor spawned on each host
and is responsible for keeping track of all other actors for
coordination purposes. If a new main process is launched and an
arbiter is already running that arbiter will be used.
"""
_registry = defaultdict(list)
is_arbiter = True
def find_actor(self, name):
return self._registry[name]
def register_actor(self, name, sockaddr):
self._registry[name].append(sockaddr)
class Portal:
"""A 'portal' to a(n) (remote) ``Actor``.
Allows for invoking remote routines and receiving results through an
underlying ``tractor.Channel`` as though the remote (async)
function / generator was invoked locally.
Think of this like an native async IPC API.
"""
def __init__(self, channel, event=None):
self.channel = channel
self._uid = channel.uid
self._event = event
async def __aenter__(self):
await self.channel.connect()
# do the handshake
await self.channel.send(_current_actor.uid)
self._uid = uid = await self.channel.recv()
_current_actor._peers[uid] = self.channel
return self
async def aclose(self):
await self.channel.aclose()
if self._event:
# alert the _stream_handler task that we are done with the channel
# so it can terminate / move on
self._event.set()
async def __aexit__(self, etype, value, tb):
await self.aclose()
async def run(self, ns, func, **kwargs):
"""Submit a function to be scheduled and run by actor, return its
(stream of) result(s).
"""
# TODO: not this needs some serious work and thinking about how
# to make async-generators the fundamental IPC API over channels!
# (think `yield from`, `gen.send()`, and functional reactive stuff)
chan = self.channel
# ship a function call request to the remote actor
actor = current_actor()
resptype, first_msg, q = await actor.invoke_cmd(chan, ns, func, kwargs)
if resptype == 'yield':
async def yield_from_q():
yield first
for msg in q:
try:
yield msg['yield']
except KeyError:
raise RemoteActorError(msg['error'])
return yield_from_q()
elif resptype == 'return':
return first_msg['return']
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unknown msg response type: {first_msg}")
class LocalPortal:
"""A 'portal' to a local ``Actor``.
A compatibility shim for normal portals but for invoking functions
using an in process actor instance.
"""
def __init__(self, actor):
self.actor = actor
async def run(self, ns, func, **kwargs):
"""Run a requested function locally and return it's result.
"""
obj = self.actor if ns == 'self' else importlib.import_module(ns)
func = getattr(obj, func)
return func(**kwargs)
class ActorNursery:
"""Spawn scoped subprocess actors.
"""
def __init__(self, actor, supervisor=None):
self.supervisor = supervisor
self._actor = actor
# We'll likely want some way to cancel all sub-actors eventually
# self.cancel_scope = cancel_scope
self._children = {}
async def __aenter__(self):
return self
async def start_actor(
self, name,
bind_addr=('127.0.0.1', 0),
statespace=None,
rpc_module_paths=None,
main=None,
):
actor = Actor(
name,
# modules allowed to invoked funcs from
rpc_module_paths=rpc_module_paths,
statespace=statespace, # global proc state vars
main=main, # main coroutine to be invoked
)
parent_addr = self._actor.accept_addr
proc = ctx.Process(
target=actor._fork_main,
args=(bind_addr, parent_addr),
daemon=True,
name=name,
)
proc.start()
if not proc.is_alive():
raise ActorFailure("Couldn't start sub-actor?")
# wait for actor to spawn and connect back to us
# channel should have handshake completed by the
# local actor by the time we get a ref to it
event, chan = await self._actor.wait_for_peer(actor.uid)
# channel is up, get queue which delivers result from main routine
main_q = self._actor.get_waitq(actor.uid, 'main')
self._children[(name, proc.pid)] = (actor, proc, main_q)
return Portal(chan, event=event)
async def wait(self):
async def wait_for_proc(proc):
# TODO: timeout block here?
if proc.is_alive():
await trio.hazmat.wait_readable(proc.sentinel)
# please god don't hang
proc.join()
log.debug(f"Joined {proc}")
# unblocks when all waiter tasks have completed
async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
for actor, proc in self._children.values():
nursery.start_soon(wait_for_proc, proc)
async def cancel(self):
for actor, proc in self._children.values():
if proc is mp.current_process():
actor.cancel()
else:
# send KeyBoardInterrupt (trio abort signal) to underlying
# sub-actors
proc.terminate()
# os.kill(proc.pid, signal.SIGINT)
await self.wait()
async def __aexit__(self, etype, value, tb):
"""Wait on all subactor's main routines to complete.
"""
async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
for subactor, proc, q in self._children.values():
nursery.start_soon(get_result, q)
def current_actor() -> Actor:
"""Get the process-local actor instance.
"""
return _current_actor
@asynccontextmanager
async def open_nursery(supervisor=None, loglevel='WARNING'):
"""Create and yield a new ``ActorNursery``.
"""
actor = current_actor()
if not actor:
raise RuntimeError("No actor instance has been defined yet?")
# TODO: figure out supervisors from erlang
async with ActorNursery(current_actor(), supervisor) as nursery:
yield nursery
async def serve_local_actor(actor, nursery=None, accept_addr=(None, 0)):
"""Spawn a local actor by starting a task to execute it's main
async function.
Blocks if no nursery is provided, in which case it is expected the nursery
provider is responsible for waiting on the task to complete.
"""
await actor._async_main(
accept_addr=accept_addr,
parent_addr=None,
nursery=nursery,
)
return actor
class NoArbiterFound:
"Couldn't find the arbiter?"
@asynccontextmanager
async def get_arbiter(host='127.0.0.1', port=1616, main=None):
actor = current_actor()
if actor and not actor.is_arbiter:
try:
# If an arbiter is already running on this host connect to it
async with Portal(Channel((host, port))) as portal:
yield portal
except OSError as err:
raise NoArbiterFound(err)
else:
# no arbiter found on this host so start one in-process
arbiter = Arbiter(
'arbiter',
rpc_module_paths=[], # the arbiter doesn't allow module rpc
statespace={}, # global proc state vars
main=main, # main coroutine to be invoked
)
# assign process-local actor
global _current_actor
_current_actor = arbiter
# start the arbiter in process in a new task
async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
# start local channel-server and fake the portal API
# NOTE: this won't block since we provide the nursery
await serve_local_actor(
arbiter, nursery=nursery, accept_addr=(host, port))
yield LocalPortal(arbiter)
# If spawned locally, the arbiter is cancelled when this context
# is complete (i.e the underlying context manager block completes)
# nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
@asynccontextmanager
async def find_actor(name):
"""Ask the arbiter to find actor(s) by name.
Returns a sequence of unconnected portals for each matching actor
known to the arbiter (client code is expected to connect the portals).
"""
async with get_arbiter() as portal:
sockaddrs = await portal.run('self', 'find_actor', name=name)
portals = []
if sockaddrs:
for sockaddr in sockaddrs:
portals.append(Portal(Channel(sockaddr)))
yield portals # XXX: these are "unconnected" portals
async def _main(async_fn, args, kwargs, name):
main = partial(async_fn, *args)
# Creates an internal nursery which shouldn't be cancelled even if
# the one opened below is (this is desirable because the arbitter should
# stay up until a re-election process has taken place - which is not
# implemented yet FYI).
async with get_arbiter(
host=kwargs.pop('arbiter_host', '127.0.0.1'),
port=kwargs.pop('arbiter_port', 1616),
main=main,
) as portal:
if not current_actor().is_arbiter:
# create a local actor and start it up its main routine
actor = Actor(
name or 'anonymous',
main=main, # main coroutine to be invoked
**kwargs
)
# this will block and yield control to the `trio` run loop
await serve_local_actor(
actor, accept_addr=kwargs.pop('accept_addr', (None, 0)))
log.info("Completed async main")
else:
# block waiting for the arbiter main task to complete
pass
def run(async_fn, *args, arbiter_host=None, name='anonymous', **kwargs):
"""Run a trio-actor async function in process.
This is tractor's main entry and the start point for any async actor.
"""
return trio.run(_main, async_fn, args, kwargs, name)
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