Add `Portal.run_func()`: run local funcs remotely

This is to address the request from a couple people for the ability to not have to specify the explicit module path for a callable to be invoked in a remote actor when the desired function is defined locally. This makes the API to run a local func look more like `trio.Nurser.start_soon(my_func, *args)` which is simpler and much more "shorthand". In this case we simply introspect the function/callable object and send that info to the remote actor to be *looked up locally* and scheduled. Resolves #69
2020-02-07 00:36:03 -05:00
120 changed files with 3447 additions and 18194 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
 name: CI
 on:
  # any time someone pushes a new branch to origin
  push:
  # Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab
  workflow_dispatch:
 jobs:
  mypy:
    name: 'MyPy'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Setup python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
        with:
          python-version: '3.10'
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: pip install -U . --upgrade-strategy eager -r requirements-test.txt
      - name: Run MyPy check
        run: mypy tractor/ --ignore-missing-imports --show-traceback
  # test that we can generate a software distribution and install it
  # thus avoid missing file issues after packaging.
  sdist-linux:
    name: 'sdist'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Setup python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
        with:
          python-version: '3.10'
      - name: Build sdist
        run: python setup.py sdist --formats=zip
      - name: Install sdist from .zips
        run: python -m pip install dist/*.zip
  testing-linux:
    name: '${{ matrix.os }} Python ${{ matrix.python }} - ${{ matrix.spawn_backend }}'
    timeout-minutes: 10
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        os: [ubuntu-latest]
        python: ['3.10']
        spawn_backend: [
          'trio',
          'mp_spawn',
          'mp_forkserver',
        ]
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Setup python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
        with:
          python-version: '${{ matrix.python }}'
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: pip install -U . -r requirements-test.txt -r requirements-docs.txt --upgrade-strategy eager
      - name: List dependencies
        run: pip list
      - name: Run tests
        run: pytest tests/ --spawn-backend=${{ matrix.spawn_backend }} -rsx
  # We skip 3.10 on windows for now due to not having any collabs to
  # debug the CI failures. Anyone wanting to hack and solve them is very
  # welcome, but our primary user base is not using that OS.
  # TODO: use job filtering to accomplish instead of repeated
  # boilerplate as is above XD:
  # - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/managing-complex-workflows
  # - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/managing-complex-workflows#using-a-build-matrix
  # - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idif
  # testing-windows:
  #   name: '${{ matrix.os }} Python ${{ matrix.python }} - ${{ matrix.spawn_backend }}'
  #   timeout-minutes: 12
  #   runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
  #   strategy:
  #     fail-fast: false
  #     matrix:
  #       os: [windows-latest]
  #       python: ['3.10']
  #       spawn_backend: ['trio', 'mp']
  #   steps:
  #     - name: Checkout
  #       uses: actions/checkout@v2
  #     - name: Setup python
  #       uses: actions/setup-python@v2
  #       with:
  #         python-version: '${{ matrix.python }}'
  #     - name: Install dependencies
  #       run: pip install -U . -r requirements-test.txt -r requirements-docs.txt --upgrade-strategy eager
  #     # TODO: pretty sure this solves debugger deps-issues on windows, but it needs to
  #     # be verified by someone with a native setup.
  #     # - name: Force pyreadline3
  #     #   run: pip uninstall pyreadline; pip install -U pyreadline3
  #     - name: List dependencies
  #       run: pip list
  #     - name: Run tests
  #       run: pytest tests/ --spawn-backend=${{ matrix.spawn_backend }} -rsx
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
 language: python
 dist: xenial
 sudo: required
 matrix:
    include:
        - name: "Windows, Python Latest: multiprocessing"
          os: windows
          language: sh
          python: 3.x  # only works on linux
          before_install:
              - choco install python3 --params "/InstallDir:C:\\Python"
              - export PATH="/c/Python:/c/Python/Scripts:$PATH"
              - python -m pip install --upgrade pip wheel
        - name: "Windows, Python 3.7: multiprocessing"
          os: windows
          python: 3.7  # only works on linux
          language: sh
          before_install:
              - choco install python3 --version 3.7.4 --params "/InstallDir:C:\\Python"
              - export PATH="/c/Python:/c/Python/Scripts:$PATH"
              - python -m pip install --upgrade pip wheel
        - name: "Python 3.7: multiprocessing"
          python: 3.7  # this works for Linux but is ignored on macOS or Windows
          env: SPAWN_BACKEND="mp"
        - name: "Python 3.7: trio-run-in-process"
          python: 3.7  # this works for Linux but is ignored on macOS or Windows
          env: SPAWN_BACKEND="trio_run_in_process"
        - name: "Python 3.8: multiprocessing"
          python: 3.8  # this works for Linux but is ignored on macOS or Windows
          env: SPAWN_BACKEND="mp"
        - name: "Python 3.8: trio-run-in-process"
          python: 3.8  # this works for Linux but is ignored on macOS or Windows
          env: SPAWN_BACKEND="trio_run_in_process"
 install:
    - cd $TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR
    - pip install -U pip
    - pip install -U . -r requirements-test.txt --upgrade-strategy eager
 script:
    - mypy tractor/ --ignore-missing-imports
    - pytest tests/ --no-print-logs --spawn-backend=${SPAWN_BACKEND}
--- a/147
+++ b/147
@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
-                    GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
-                       Version 3, 19 November 2007
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
- Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
                            Preamble
-  The GNU Affero General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
+  The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
-software and other kinds of works, specifically designed to ensure
+software and other kinds of works.
 cooperation with the community in the case of network server software.
  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
 to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,
-our General Public Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to
+the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
 share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
-software for all its users.
+software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
 GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
 any other work released this way by its authors.  You can apply it to
 your programs, too.
  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
 price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
@ -24,34 +26,44 @@ them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
 want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
 free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
-  Developers that use our General Public Licenses protect your rights
+  To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
-with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer
+these rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have
-you this License which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute
+certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
-and/or modify the software.
+you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
-  A secondary benefit of defending all users' freedom is that
+  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
-improvements made in alternate versions of the program, if they
+gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
-receive widespread use, become available for other developers to
+freedoms that you received.  You must make sure that they, too, receive
-incorporate.  Many developers of free software are heartened and
+or can get the source code.  And you must show them these terms so they
-encouraged by the resulting cooperation.  However, in the case of
+know their rights.
 software used on network servers, this result may fail to come about.
 The GNU General Public License permits making a modified version and
 letting the public access it on a server without ever releasing its
 source code to the public.
-  The GNU Affero General Public License is designed specifically to
+  Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
-ensure that, in such cases, the modified source code becomes available
+(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
-to the community.  It requires the operator of a network server to
+giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
 provide the source code of the modified version running there to the
 users of that server.  Therefore, public use of a modified version, on
 a publicly accessible server, gives the public access to the source
 code of the modified version.
-  An older license, called the Affero General Public License and
+  For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
-published by Affero, was designed to accomplish similar goals.  This is
+that there is no warranty for this free software.  For both users' and
-a different license, not a version of the Affero GPL, but Affero has
+authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
-released a new version of the Affero GPL which permits relicensing under
+changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
-this license.
+authors of previous versions.
  Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
 modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
 can do so.  This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
 protecting users' freedom to change the software.  The systematic
 pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
 use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable.  Therefore, we
 have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
 products.  If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
 stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
 of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
  Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
 States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
 software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
 avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
 make it effectively proprietary.  To prevent this, the GPL assures that
 patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
 modification follow.
@ -60,7 +72,7 @@ modification follow.
  0. Definitions.
-  "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License.
+  "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
  "Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
 works, such as semiconductor masks.
@ -537,45 +549,35 @@ to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
 the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
 License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
-  13. Remote Network Interaction; Use with the GNU General Public License.
+  13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
  Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if you modify the
 Program, your modified version must prominently offer all users
 interacting with it remotely through a computer network (if your version
 supports such interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding
 Source of your version by providing access to the Corresponding Source
 from a network server at no charge, through some standard or customary
 means of facilitating copying of software.  This Corresponding Source
 shall include the Corresponding Source for any work covered by version 3
 of the GNU General Public License that is incorporated pursuant to the
 following paragraph.
  Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
 permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
-under version 3 of the GNU General Public License into a single
+under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
 combined work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this
 License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
-but the work with which it is combined will remain governed by version
+but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
-3 of the GNU General Public License.
+section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
 combination as such.
  14. Revised Versions of this License.
  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
-the GNU Affero General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions
+the GNU General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
-will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
 address new problems or concerns.
  Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the
-Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU Affero General
+Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
 Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
 option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
 version or of any later version published by the Free Software
 Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
-GNU Affero General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
+GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
 by the Free Software Foundation.
  If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
-versions of the GNU Affero General Public License can be used, that proxy's
+versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
 public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
 to choose that version for the Program.
@ -633,29 +635,40 @@ the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-    it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-    GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
-  If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
-network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
-get its source.  For example, if your program is a web application, its
+
-interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
-of the code.  There are many ways you could offer source, and different
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
-solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
-specific requirements.
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
 parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
 might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
 if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
-For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
-<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
 into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
 the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
 Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
--- a/MANIFEST.in
+++ b/MANIFEST.in
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
 # https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/using-manifest-in/#using-manifest-in
 include docs/README.rst
--- a/NEWS.rst
+++ b/NEWS.rst
@ -1,528 +0,0 @@
 =========
 Changelog
 =========
 .. towncrier release notes start
 tractor 0.1.0a5 (2022-08-03)
 ============================
 This is our final release supporting Python 3.9 since we will be moving
 internals to the new `match:` syntax from 3.10 going forward and
 further, we have officially dropped usage of the `msgpack` library and
 happily adopted `msgspec`.
 Features
 --------
 - `#165 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/165>`_: Add SIGINT
  protection to our `pdbpp` based debugger subystem such that for
  (single-depth) actor trees in debug mode we ignore interrupts in any
  actor currently holding the TTY lock thus avoiding clobbering IPC
  connections and/or task and process state when working in the REPL.
  As a big note currently so called "nested" actor trees (trees with
  actors having more then one parent/ancestor) are not fully supported
  since we don't yet have a mechanism to relay the debug mode knowledge
  "up" the actor tree (for eg. when handling a crash in a leaf actor).
  As such currently there is a set of tests and known scenarios which will
  result in process cloberring by the zombie repaing machinery and these
  have been documented in https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320.
  The implementation details include:
  - utilizing a custom SIGINT handler which we apply whenever an actor's
    runtime enters the debug machinery, which we also make sure the
    stdlib's `pdb` configuration doesn't override (which it does by
    default without special instance config).
  - litter the runtime with `maybe_wait_for_debugger()` mostly in spots
    where the root actor should block before doing embedded nursery
    teardown ops which both cancel potential-children-in-deubg as well
    as eventually trigger zombie reaping machinery.
  - hardening of the TTY locking semantics/API both in terms of IPC
    terminations and cancellation and lock release determinism from
    sync debugger instance methods.
  - factoring of locking infrastructure into a new `._debug.Lock` global
    which encapsulates all details of the ``trio`` sync primitives and
    task/actor uid management and tracking.
  We also add `ctrl-c` cases throughout the test suite though these are
  disabled for py3.9 (`pdbpp` UX differences that don't seem worth
  compensating for, especially since this will be our last 3.9 supported
  release) and there are a slew of marked cases that aren't expected to
  work in CI more generally (as mentioned in the "nested" tree note
  above) despite seemingly working  when run manually on linux.
 - `#304 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/304>`_: Add a new
  ``to_asyncio.LinkedTaskChannel.subscribe()`` which gives task-oriented
  broadcast functionality semantically equivalent to
  ``tractor.MsgStream.subscribe()`` this makes it possible for multiple
  ``trio``-side tasks to consume ``asyncio``-side task msgs in tandem.
  Further Improvements to the test suite were added in this patch set
  including a new scenario test for a sub-actor managed "service nursery"
  (implementing the basics of a "service manager") including use of
  *infected asyncio* mode. Further we added a lower level
  ``test_trioisms.py`` to start to track issues we need to work around in
  ``trio`` itself which in this case included a bug we were trying to
  solve related to https://github.com/python-trio/trio/issues/2258.
 Bug Fixes
 ---------
 - `#318 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/318>`_: Fix
  a previously undetected ``trio``-``asyncio`` task lifetime linking
  issue with the ``to_asyncio.open_channel_from()`` api where both sides
  where not properly waiting/signalling termination and it was possible
  for ``asyncio``-side errors to not propagate due to a race condition.
  The implementation fix summary is:
  - add state to signal the end of the ``trio`` side task to be
    read by the ``asyncio`` side and always cancel any ongoing
    task in such cases.
  - always wait on the ``asyncio`` task termination from the ``trio``
    side on error before maybe raising said error.
  - always close the ``trio`` mem chan on exit to ensure the other
    side can detect it and follow.
 Trivial/Internal Changes
 ------------------------
 - `#248 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/248>`_: Adjust the
  `tractor._spawn.soft_wait()` strategy to avoid sending an actor cancel
  request (via `Portal.cancel_actor()`) if either the child process is
  detected as having terminated or the IPC channel is detected to be
  closed.
  This ensures (even) more deterministic inter-actor cancellation by
  avoiding the timeout condition where possible when a whild never
  sucessfully spawned, crashed, or became un-contactable over IPC.
 - `#295 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/295>`_: Add an
  experimental ``tractor.msg.NamespacePath`` type for passing Python
  objects by "reference" through a ``str``-subtype message and using the
  new ``pkgutil.resolve_name()`` for reference loading.
 - `#298 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/298>`_: Add a new
  `tractor.experimental` subpackage for staging new high level APIs and
  subystems that we might eventually make built-ins.
 - `#300 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/300>`_: Update to and
  pin latest ``msgpack`` (1.0.3) and ``msgspec`` (0.4.0) both of which
  required adjustments for backwards imcompatible API tweaks.
 - `#303 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/303>`_: Fence off
  ``multiprocessing`` imports until absolutely necessary in an effort to
  avoid "resource tracker" spawning side effects that seem to have
  varying degrees of unreliability per Python release. Port to new
  ``msgspec.DecodeError``.
 - `#305 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/305>`_: Add
  ``tractor.query_actor()`` an addr looker-upper which doesn't deliver
  a ``Portal`` instance and instead just a socket address ``tuple``.
  Sometimes it's handy to just have a simple way to figure out if
  a "service" actor is up, so add this discovery helper for that. We'll
  prolly just leave it undocumented for now until we figure out
  a longer-term/better discovery system.
 - `#316 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/316>`_: Run windows
  CI jobs on python 3.10 after some hacks for ``pdbpp`` dependency
  issues.
  Issue was to do with the now deprecated `pyreadline` project which
  should be changed over to `pyreadline3`.
 - `#317 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/317>`_: Drop use of
  the ``msgpack`` package and instead move fully to the ``msgspec``
  codec library.
  We've now used ``msgspec`` extensively in production and there's no
  reason to not use it as default. Further this change preps us for the up
  and coming typed messaging semantics (#196), dialog-unprotocol system
  (#297), and caps-based messaging-protocols (#299) planned before our
  first beta.
 tractor 0.1.0a4 (2021-12-18)
 ============================
 Features
 --------
 - `#275 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/275>`_: Re-license
  code base under AGPLv3. Also see `#274
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/274>`_ for majority
  contributor consensus on this decision.
 - `#121 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/121>`_: Add
  "infected ``asyncio`` mode; a sub-system to spawn and control
  ``asyncio`` actors using ``trio``'s guest-mode.
  This gets us the following very interesting functionality:
  - ability to spawn an actor that has a process entry point of
    ``asyncio.run()`` by passing ``infect_asyncio=True`` to
    ``Portal.start_actor()`` (and friends).
  - the ``asyncio`` actor embeds ``trio`` using guest-mode and starts
    a main ``trio`` task which runs the ``tractor.Actor._async_main()``
    entry point engages all the normal ``tractor`` runtime IPC/messaging
    machinery; for all purposes the actor is now running normally on
    a ``trio.run()``.
  - the actor can now make one-to-one task spawning requests to the
    underlying ``asyncio`` event loop using either of:
    * ``to_asyncio.run_task()`` to spawn and run an ``asyncio`` task to
      completion and block until a return value is delivered.
    * ``async with to_asyncio.open_channel_from():`` which spawns a task
      and hands it a pair of "memory channels" to allow for bi-directional
      streaming between the now SC-linked ``trio`` and ``asyncio`` tasks.
  The output from any call(s) to ``asyncio`` can be handled as normal in
  ``trio``/``tractor`` task operation with the caveat of the overhead due
  to guest-mode use.
  For more details see the `original PR
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/121>`_ and `issue
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/120>`_.
 - `#257 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/257>`_: Add
  ``trionics.maybe_open_context()`` an actor-scoped async multi-task
  context manager resource caching API.
  Adds an SC-safe cacheing async context manager api that only enters on
  the *first* task entry and only exits on the *last* task exit while in
  between delivering the same cached value per input key. Keys can be
  either an explicit ``key`` named arg provided by the user or a
  hashable ``kwargs`` dict (will be converted to a ``list[tuple]``) which
  is passed to the underlying manager function as input.
 - `#261 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/261>`_: Add
  cross-actor-task ``Context`` oriented error relay, a new stream
  overrun error-signal ``StreamOverrun``, and support disabling
  ``MsgStream`` backpressure as the default before a stream is opened or
  by choice of the user.
  We added stricter semantics around ``tractor.Context.open_stream():``
  particularly to do with streams which are only opened at one end.
  Previously, if only one end opened a stream there was no way for that
  sender to know if msgs are being received until first, the feeder mem
  chan on the receiver side hit a backpressure state and then that
  condition delayed its msg loop processing task to eventually create
  backpressure on the associated IPC transport. This is non-ideal in the
  case where the receiver side never opened a stream by mistake since it
  results in silent block of the sender and no adherence to the underlying
  mem chan buffer size settings (which is still unsolved btw).
  To solve this we add non-backpressure style message pushing inside
  ``Actor._push_result()`` by default and only use the backpressure
  ``trio.MemorySendChannel.send()`` call **iff** the local end of the
  context has entered ``Context.open_stream():``. This way if the stream
  was never opened but the mem chan is overrun, we relay back to the
  sender a (new exception) ``SteamOverrun`` error which is raised in the
  sender's scope with a special error message about the stream never
  having been opened. Further, this behaviour (non-backpressure style
  where senders can expect an error on overruns) can now be enabled with
  ``.open_stream(backpressure=False)`` and the underlying mem chan size
  can be specified with a kwarg ``msg_buffer_size: int``.
  Further bug fixes and enhancements in this changeset include:
  - fix a race we were ignoring where if the callee task opened a context
    it could enter ``Context.open_stream()`` before calling
    ``.started()``.
  - Disallow calling ``Context.started()`` more then once.
  - Enable ``Context`` linked tasks error relaying via the new
    ``Context._maybe_raise_from_remote_msg()`` which (for now) uses
    a simple ``trio.Nursery.start_soon()`` to raise the error via closure
    in the local scope.
 - `#267 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/267>`_: This
  (finally) adds fully acknowledged remote cancellation messaging
  support for both explicit ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` calls as well as
  when there is a "runtime-wide" cancellations (eg. during KBI or
  general actor nursery exception handling which causes a full actor
  "crash"/termination).
  You can think of this as the most ideal case in 2-generals where the
  actor requesting the cancel of its child is able to always receive back
  the ACK to that request. This leads to a more deterministic shutdown of
  the child where the parent is able to wait for the child to fully
  respond to the request. On a localhost setup, where the parent can
  monitor the state of the child through process or other OS APIs instead
  of solely through IPC messaging, the parent can know whether or not the
  child decided to cancel with more certainty. In the case of separate
  hosts, we still rely on a simple timeout approach until such a time
  where we prefer to get "fancier".
 - `#271 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/271>`_: Add a per
  actor ``debug_mode: bool`` control to our nursery.
  This allows spawning actors via ``ActorNursery.start_actor()`` (and
  other dependent methods) with a ``debug_mode=True`` flag much like
  ``tractor.open_nursery():`` such that per process crash handling
  can be toggled for cases where a user does not need/want all child actors
  to drop into the debugger on error. This is often useful when you have
  actor-tasks which are expected to error often (and be re-run) but want
  to specifically interact with some (problematic) child.
 Bugfixes
 --------
 - `#239 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/239>`_: Fix
  keyboard interrupt handling in ``Portal.open_context()`` blocks.
  Previously this was not triggering cancellation of the remote task
  context and could result in hangs if a stream was also opened. This
  fix is to accept `BaseException` since it is likely any other top
  level exception other then KBI (even though not expected) should also
  get this result.
 - `#264 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/264>`_: Fix
  ``Portal.run_in_actor()`` returns ``None`` result.
  ``None`` was being used as the cached result flag and obviously breaks
  on a ``None`` returned from the remote target task. This would cause an
  infinite hang if user code ever called ``Portal.result()`` *before* the
  nursery exit. The simple fix is to use the *return message* as the
  initial "no-result-received-yet" flag value and, once received, the
  return value is read from the message to avoid the cache logic error.
 - `#266 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/266>`_: Fix
  graceful cancellation of daemon actors
  Previously, his was a bug where if the soft wait on a sub-process (the
  ``await .proc.wait()``) in the reaper task teardown was cancelled we
  would fail over to the hard reaping sequence (meant for culling off any
  potential zombies via system kill signals). The hard reap has a timeout
  of 3s (currently though in theory we could make it shorter?) before
  system signalling kicks in. This means that any daemon actor still
  running during nursery exit would get hard reaped (3s later) instead of
  cancelled via IPC message. Now we catch the ``trio.Cancelled``, call
  ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` on the daemon and expect the child to
  self-terminate after the runtime cancels and shuts down the process.
 - `#278 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/278>`_: Repair
  inter-actor stream closure semantics to work correctly with
  ``tractor.trionics.BroadcastReceiver`` task fan out usage.
  A set of previously unknown bugs discovered in `#257
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/257>`_ let graceful stream
  closure result in hanging consumer tasks that use the broadcast APIs.
  This adds better internal closure state tracking to the broadcast
  receiver and message stream APIs and in particular ensures that when an
  underlying stream/receive-channel (a broadcast receiver is receiving
  from) is closed, all consumer tasks waiting on that underlying channel
  are woken so they can receive the ``trio.EndOfChannel`` signal and
  promptly terminate.
 tractor 0.1.0a3 (2021-11-02)
 ============================
 Features
 --------
 - Switch to using the ``trio`` process spawner by default on windows. (#166)
  This gets windows users debugger support (manually tested) and in
  general a more resilient (nested) actor tree implementation.
 - Add optional `msgspec <https://jcristharif.com/msgspec/>`_ support
  as an alernative, faster MessagePack codec. (#214)
  Provides us with a path toward supporting typed IPC message contracts. Further,
  ``msgspec`` structs may be a valid tool to start for formalizing our
  "SC dialog un-protocol" messages as described in `#36
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/36>`_.
 - Introduce a new ``tractor.trionics`` `sub-package`_ that exposes
  a selection of our relevant high(er) level trio primitives and
  goodies. (#241)
  At outset we offer a ``gather_contexts()`` context manager for
  concurrently entering a sequence of async context managers (much like
  a version of ``asyncio.gather()`` but for context managers) and use it
  in a new ``tractor.open_actor_cluster()`` manager-helper that can be
  entered to concurrently spawn a flat actor pool. We also now publicly
  expose our "broadcast channel" APIs (``open_broadcast_receiver()``)
  from here.
 .. _sub-package: ../tractor/trionics
 - Change the core message loop to handle task and actor-runtime cancel
  requests immediately instead of scheduling them as is done for rpc-task
  requests. (#245)
  In order to obtain more reliable teardown mechanics for (complex) actor
  trees it's important that we specially treat cancel requests as having
  higher priority. Previously, it was possible that task cancel requests
  could actually also themselves be cancelled if a "actor-runtime" cancel
  request was received (can happen during messy multi actor crashes that
  propagate). Instead cancels now block the msg loop until serviced and
  a response is relayed back to the requester. This also allows for
  improved debugger support since we have determinism guarantees about
  which processes must wait before hard killing their children.
 - (`#248 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/248>`_) Drop Python
  3.8 support in favour of rolling with two latest releases for the time
  being.
 Misc
 ----
 - (`#243 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/243>`_) add a distinct
  ``'CANCEL'`` log level to allow the runtime to emit details about
  cancellation machinery statuses.
 tractor 0.1.0a2 (2021-09-07)
 ============================
 Features
 --------
 - Add `tokio-style broadcast channels
  <https://docs.rs/tokio/1.11.0/tokio/sync/broadcast/index.html>`_ as
  a solution for `#204 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/204>`_ and
  discussed thoroughly in `trio/#987
  <https://github.com/python-trio/trio/issues/987>`_.
  This gives us local task broadcast functionality using a new
  ``BroadcastReceiver`` type which can wrap ``trio.ReceiveChannel``  and
  provide fan-out copies of a stream of data to every subscribed consumer.
  We use this new machinery to provide a ``ReceiveMsgStream.subscribe()``
  async context manager which can be used by actor-local concumers tasks
  to easily pull from a shared and dynamic IPC stream. (`#229
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/229>`_)
 Bugfixes
 --------
 - Handle broken channel/stream faults where the root's tty lock is left
  acquired by some child actor who went MIA and the root ends up hanging
  indefinitely. (`#234 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/234>`_)
  There's two parts here: we no longer shield wait on the lock and,
  now always do our best to release the lock on the expected worst
  case connection faults.
 Deprecations and Removals
 -------------------------
 - Drop stream "shielding" support which was originally added to sidestep
  a cancelled call to ``.receive()``
  In the original api design a stream instance was returned directly from
  a call to ``Portal.run()`` and thus there was no "exit phase" to handle
  cancellations and errors which would trigger implicit closure. Now that
  we have said enter/exit semantics with ``Portal.open_stream_from()`` and
  ``Context.open_stream()`` we can drop this implicit (and arguably
  confusing) behavior. (`#230 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/230>`_)
 - Drop Python 3.7 support in preparation for supporting 3.9+ syntax.
  (`#232 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/232>`_)
 tractor 0.1.0a1 (2021-08-01)
 ============================
 Features
 --------
 - Updated our uni-directional streaming API (`#206
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/206>`_) to require a context
  manager style ``async with Portal.open_stream_from(target) as stream:``
  which explicitly determines when to stop a stream in the calling (aka
  portal opening) actor much like ``async_generator.aclosing()``
  enforcement.
 - Improved the ``multiprocessing`` backend sub-actor reaping (`#208
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/208>`_) during actor nursery
  exit, particularly during cancellation scenarios that previously might
  result in hard to debug hangs.
 - Added initial bi-directional streaming support in `#219
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/219>`_ with follow up debugger
  improvements via `#220 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/220>`_
  using the new ``tractor.Context`` cross-actor task syncing system.
  The debugger upgrades add an edge triggered last-in-tty-lock semaphore
  which allows the root process for a tree to avoid clobbering children
  who have queued to acquire the ``pdb`` repl by waiting to cancel
  sub-actors until the lock is known to be released **and** has no
  pending waiters.
 Experiments and WIPs
 --------------------
 - Initial optional ``msgspec`` serialization support in `#214
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/214>`_ which should hopefully
  land by next release.
 - Improved "infect ``asyncio``" cross-loop task cancellation and error
  propagation by vastly simplifying the cross-loop-task streaming approach. 
  We may end up just going with a use of ``anyio`` in the medium term to
  avoid re-doing work done by their cross-event-loop portals.  See the
  ``infect_asyncio`` for details.
 Improved Documentation
 ----------------------
 - `Updated our readme <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/211>`_ to
  include more (and better) `examples
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor#run-a-func-in-a-process>`_ (with
  matching multi-terminal process monitoring shell commands) as well as
  added many more examples to the `repo set
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/tree/master/examples>`_.
 - Added a readme `"actors under the hood" section
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor#under-the-hood>`_ in an effort to
  guard against suggestions for changing the API away from ``trio``'s
  *tasks-as-functions* style.
 - Moved to using the `sphinx book theme
  <https://sphinx-book-theme.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html>`_
  though it needs some heavy tweaking and doesn't seem to show our logo
  on rtd :(
 Trivial/Internal Changes
 ------------------------
 - Added a new ``TransportClosed`` internal exception/signal (`#215
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/215>`_ for catching TCP
  channel gentle closes instead of silently falling through the message
  handler loop via an async generator ``return``.
 Deprecations and Removals
 -------------------------
 - Dropped support for invoking sync functions (`#205
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/205>`_) in other
  actors/processes since you can always wrap a sync function from an
  async one.  Users can instead consider using ``trio-parallel`` which
  is a project specifically geared for purely synchronous calls in
  sub-processes.
 - Deprecated our ``tractor.run()`` entrypoint `#197
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/197>`_; the runtime is now
  either started implicitly in first actor nursery use or via an
  explicit call to ``tractor.open_root_actor()``. Full removal of
  ``tractor.run()`` will come by beta release.
 tractor 0.1.0a0 (2021-02-28)
 ============================
 ..
    TODO: fill out more of the details of the initial feature set in some TLDR form
 Summary
 -------
 - ``trio`` based process spawner (using ``subprocess``)
 - initial multi-process debugging with ``pdb++``
 - windows support using both ``trio`` and ``multiprocessing`` spawners
 - "portal" api for cross-process, structured concurrent, (streaming) IPC
--- a/docs/index.rst
+++ b/docs/index.rst
@ -1,28 +1,28 @@
-.. tractor documentation master file, created by
+tractor
-   sphinx-quickstart on Sun Feb  9 22:26:51 2020.
+=======
-   You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
+An async-native "`actor model`_" built on trio_ and multiprocessing_.
   contain the root `toctree` directive.
 ``tractor``
 ===========
-A `structured concurrent`_, async-native "`actor model`_" built on trio_ and multiprocessing_.
+|travis|
-.. toctree::
+.. |travis| image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/goodboy/tractor/master.svg
-   :maxdepth: 1
+    :target: https://travis-ci.org/goodboy/tractor
   :caption: Contents:
 .. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
 .. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
 .. _multiprocessing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing
 .. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
 .. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
-.. _structured concurrent: https://trio.discourse.group/t/concise-definition-of-structured-concurrency/228
+.. _always propagate: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#exceptions-always-propagate
 .. _causality: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#c-c-c-c-causality-breaker
 .. _shared nothing architecture: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared-nothing_architecture
 .. _cancellation: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-and-timeouts
 .. _channels: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_(programming)
 .. _chaos engineering: http://principlesofchaos.org/
 ``tractor`` is an attempt to bring trionic_ `structured concurrency`_ to
-distributed multi-core Python; it aims to be the Python multi-processing
+distributed multi-core Python.
 framework *you always wanted*.
 ``tractor`` lets you spawn ``trio`` *"actors"*: processes which each run
 a ``trio`` scheduled task tree (also known as an `async sandwich`_).
@ -31,48 +31,6 @@ sharing any state. This model allows for highly distributed software
 architecture which works just as well on multiple cores as it does over
 many hosts.
 The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio`` down.
 A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
 .. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
 .. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
 .. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 .. _structured concurrency: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 Install
 -------
 No PyPi release yet!
 ::
    pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
 Feel like saying hi?
 --------------------
 This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
 ``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets all its ideas from that brilliant
 community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
 say hi, please feel free to ping me on the `trio gitter channel`_!
 .. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
 Philosophy
 ----------
 Our tenets non-comprehensively include:
 - strict adherence to the `concept-in-progress`_ of *structured concurrency*
 - no spawning of processes *willy-nilly*; causality_ is paramount!
 - (remote) errors `always propagate`_ back to the parent supervisor
 - verbatim support for ``trio``'s cancellation_ system
 - `shared nothing architecture`_
 - no use of *proxy* objects or shared references between processes
 - an immersive debugging experience
 - anti-fragility through `chaos engineering`_
 ``tractor`` is an actor-model-*like* system in the sense that it adheres
 to the `3 axioms`_ but does not (yet) fulfil all "unrequirements_" in
 practise. It is an experiment in applying `structured concurrency`_
@ -89,26 +47,57 @@ definitely not required). There is first class support for inter-actor
 streaming using `async generators`_ and ongoing work toward a functional
 reactive style for IPC.
 The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio`` down.
 A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
 .. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
 .. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
 .. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 .. _structured concurrency: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 .. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
 .. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
 .. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
 .. contents::
 Philosophy
 ----------
 ``tractor`` aims to be the Python multi-processing framework *you always wanted*.
 Its tenets non-comprehensively include:
 - strict adherence to the `concept-in-progress`_ of *structured concurrency*
 - no spawning of processes *willy-nilly*; causality_ is paramount!
 - (remote) errors `always propagate`_ back to the parent supervisor
 - verbatim support for ``trio``'s cancellation_ system
 - `shared nothing architecture`_
 - no use of *proxy* objects or shared references between processes
 - an immersive debugging experience
 - anti-fragility through `chaos engineering`_
 .. warning:: ``tractor`` is in alpha-alpha and is expected to change rapidly!
    Expect nothing to be set in stone. Your ideas about where it should go
    are greatly appreciated!
 .. _concept-in-progress: https://trio.discourse.group/t/structured-concurrency-kickoff/55
-.. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
+
-.. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
+
-.. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
+Install
-.. _always propagate: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#exceptions-always-propagate
+-------
-.. _causality: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#c-c-c-c-causality-breaker
+No PyPi release yet!
-.. _shared nothing architecture: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared-nothing_architecture
+
-.. _cancellation: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-and-timeouts
+::
-.. _channels: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_(programming)
+
-.. _chaos engineering: http://principlesofchaos.org/
+    pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
 Examples
 --------
-Note, if you are on Windows please be sure to see the :ref:`gotchas
+Note, if you are on Windows please be sure to see the gotchas section
-<windowsgotchas>` section before trying these.
+before trying these.
 A trynamic first scene
@ -116,7 +105,49 @@ A trynamic first scene
 Let's direct a couple *actors* and have them run their lines for
 the hip new film we're shooting:
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/a_trynamic_first_scene.py
+.. code:: python
    import tractor
    from functools import partial
    _this_module = __name__
    the_line = 'Hi my name is {}'
    async def hi():
        return the_line.format(tractor.current_actor().name)
    async def say_hello(other_actor):
        async with tractor.wait_for_actor(other_actor) as portal:
            return await portal.run(_this_module, 'hi')
    async def main():
        """Main tractor entry point, the "master" process (for now
        acts as the "director").
        """
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            print("Alright... Action!")
            donny = await n.run_in_actor(
                'donny',
                say_hello,
                # arguments are always named
                other_actor='gretchen',
            )
            gretchen = await n.run_in_actor(
                'gretchen',
                say_hello,
                other_actor='donny',
            )
            print(await gretchen.result())
            print(await donny.result())
            print("CUTTTT CUUTT CUT!!! Donny!! You're supposed to say...")
    tractor.run(main)
 We spawn two *actors*, *donny* and *gretchen*.
 Each actor starts up and executes their *main task* defined by an
@ -140,11 +171,33 @@ spawned by the same nursery to be cancelled_.
 To spawn an actor and run a function in it, open a *nursery block*
 and use the ``run_in_actor()`` method:
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/actor_spawning_and_causality.py
+.. code:: python
    import tractor
    def cellar_door():
       return "Dang that's beautiful"
    async def main():
        """The main ``tractor`` routine.
        """
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor('some_linguist', cellar_door)
        # The ``async with`` will unblock here since the 'some_linguist'
        # actor has completed its main task ``cellar_door``.
        print(await portal.result())
    tractor.run(main)
 What's going on?
- an initial *actor* is started with ``trio.run()`` and told to execute
+- an initial *actor* is started with ``tractor.run()`` and told to execute
  its main task_: ``main()``
 - inside ``main()`` an actor is *spawned* using an ``ActorNusery`` and is told
@ -179,9 +232,37 @@ method:
 Here is a similar example using the latter method:
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/actor_spawning_and_causality_with_daemon.py
+.. code:: python
-The ``enable_modules`` `kwarg` above is a list of module path
+    def movie_theatre_question():
        """A question asked in a dark theatre, in a tangent
        (errr, I mean different) process.
        """
        return 'have you ever seen a portal?'
    async def main():
        """The main ``tractor`` routine.
        """
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'frank',
                # enable the actor to run funcs from this current module
                rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
            )
            print(await portal.run(__name__, 'movie_theatre_question'))
            # call the subactor a 2nd time
            print(await portal.run(__name__, 'movie_theatre_question'))
            # the async with will block here indefinitely waiting
            # for our actor "frank" to complete, but since it's an
            # "outlive_main" actor it will never end until cancelled
            await portal.cancel_actor()
 The ``rpc_module_paths`` `kwarg` above is a list of module path
 strings that will be loaded and made accessible for execution in the
 remote actor through a call to ``Portal.run()``. For now this is
 a simple mechanism to restrict the functionality of the remote
@ -218,7 +299,32 @@ Any task invoked in a remote actor should ship any error(s) back to the calling
 actor where it is raised and expected to be dealt with. This way remote actors
 are never cancelled unless explicitly asked or there's a bug in ``tractor`` itself.
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/remote_error_propagation.py
+.. code:: python
    async def assert_err():
        assert 0
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            real_actors = []
            for i in range(3):
                real_actors.append(await n.start_actor(
                    f'actor_{i}',
                    rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
                ))
            # start one actor that will fail immediately
            await n.run_in_actor('extra', assert_err)
        # should error here with a ``RemoteActorError`` containing
        # an ``AssertionError`` and all the other actors have been cancelled
    try:
        # also raises
        tractor.run(main)
    except tractor.RemoteActorError:
        print("Look Maa that actor failed hard, hehhh!")
 You'll notice the nursery cancellation conducts a *one-cancels-all*
@ -277,7 +383,41 @@ you can ``async for`` to receive each value on the calling side.
 As an example here's a parent actor that streams for 1 second from a
 spawned subactor:
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/asynchronous_generators.py
+.. code:: python
    from itertools import repeat
    import trio
    import tractor
    async def stream_forever():
        for i in repeat("I can see these little future bubble things"):
            # each yielded value is sent over the ``Channel`` to the
            # parent actor
            yield i
            await trio.sleep(0.01)
    async def main():
        # stream for at most 1 seconds
        with trio.move_on_after(1) as cancel_scope:
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                portal = await n.start_actor(
                    f'donny',
                    rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
                )
                # this async for loop streams values from the above
                # async generator running in a separate process
                async for letter in await portal.run(__name__, 'stream_forever'):
                    print(letter)
        # we support trio's cancellation system
        assert cancel_scope.cancelled_caught
        assert n.cancelled
    tractor.run(main)
 By default async generator functions are treated as inter-actor
 *streams* when invoked via a portal (how else could you really interface
@ -368,7 +508,104 @@ You also want to aggregate these feeds, do some processing on them and then
 deliver the final result stream to a client (or in this case parent) actor
 and print the results to your screen:
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/full_fledged_streaming_service.py
+.. code:: python
   import time
   import trio
   import tractor
   # this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
   async def stream_data(seed):
       for i in range(seed):
           yield i
           await trio.sleep(0)  # trigger scheduler
   # this is the third actor; the aggregator
   async def aggregate(seed):
       """Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
       a single set of values to the parent.
       """
       async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
           portals = []
           for i in range(1, 3):
               # fork point
               portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                   name=f'streamer_{i}',
                   rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
               )
               portals.append(portal)
           send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(500)
           async def push_to_chan(portal, send_chan):
               async with send_chan:
                   async for value in await portal.run(
                       __name__, 'stream_data', seed=seed
                   ):
                       # leverage trio's built-in backpressure
                       await send_chan.send(value)
               print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
           # spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
           async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
               for portal in portals:
                   n.start_soon(push_to_chan, portal, send_chan.clone())
               # close this local task's reference to send side
               await send_chan.aclose()
               unique_vals = set()
               async with recv_chan:
                   async for value in recv_chan:
                       if value not in unique_vals:
                           unique_vals.add(value)
                           # yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
                           yield value
                   assert value in unique_vals
               print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
           await nursery.cancel()
           print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
       print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
   # this is the main actor and *arbiter*
   async def main():
       # a nursery which spawns "actors"
       async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
           seed = int(1e3)
           import time
           pre_start = time.time()
           portal = await nursery.run_in_actor(
               'aggregator',
               aggregate,
               seed=seed,
           )
           start = time.time()
           # the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
           # as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
           result_stream = []
           async for value in await portal.result():
               result_stream.append(value)
           print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
           print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
           assert result_stream == list(range(seed))
           return result_stream
   final_stream = tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=('127.0.0.1', 1616))
 Here there's four actors running in separate processes (using all the
 cores on you machine). Two are streaming by *yielding* values from the
@ -384,61 +621,37 @@ as ``multiprocessing`` calls it) which is running ``main()``.
 .. _remote function execution: https://codespeak.net/execnet/example/test_info.html#remote-exec-a-function-avoiding-inlined-source-part-i
-Actor local (aka *process global*) variables
+Actor local variables
-********************************************
+*********************
-Although ``tractor`` uses a *shared-nothing* architecture between
+Although ``tractor`` uses a *shared-nothing* architecture between processes
-processes you can of course share state between tasks running *within*
+you can of course share state between tasks running *within* an actor.
-an actor (since a `trio.run()` runtime is single threaded). ``trio``
+``trio`` tasks spawned via multiple RPC calls to an actor can access global
-tasks spawned via multiple RPC calls to an actor can modify
+state using the per actor ``statespace`` dictionary:
 *process-global-state* defined using Python module attributes:
 .. code:: python
-        # a per process cache
+        statespace = {'doggy': 10}
        _actor_cache: dict[str, bool] = {}
-        def ping_endpoints(endpoints: List[str]):
+        def check_statespace():
-            """Start a polling process which runs completely separate
+            # Remember this runs in a new process so no changes
-            from our root actor/process.
+            # will propagate back to the parent actor
-
+            assert tractor.current_actor().statespace == statespace
            """
            # This runs in a new process so no changes # will propagate
            # back to the parent actor
            while True:
                for ep in endpoints:
                    status = await check_endpoint_is_up(ep)
                    _actor_cache[ep] = status
                await trio.sleep(0.5)
        async def get_alive_endpoints():
            nonlocal _actor_cache
            return {key for key, value in _actor_cache.items() if value}
        async def main():
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
-
+                await n.run_in_actor(
-                portal = await n.run_in_actor(ping_endpoints)
+                    'checker',
-
+                    check_statespace,
-                # print the alive endpoints after 3 seconds
+                    statespace=statespace
-                await trio.sleep(3)
+                )
                # this is submitted to be run in our "ping_endpoints" actor
                print(await portal.run(get_alive_endpoints))
-You can pass any kind of (`msgpack`) serializable data between actors using
+Of course you don't have to use the ``statespace`` variable (it's mostly
-function call semantics but building out a state sharing system per-actor
+a convenience for passing simple data to newly spawned actors); building
-is totally up to you.
+out a state sharing system per-actor is totally up to you.
 Service Discovery
@ -454,10 +667,25 @@ now it does the trick.
 To find the arbiter from the current actor use the ``get_arbiter()`` function and to
 find an actor's socket address by name use the ``find_actor()`` function:
-.. literalinclude:: ../examples/service_discovery.py
+.. code:: python
    import tractor
    async def main(service_name):
        async with tractor.get_arbiter() as portal:
            print(f"Arbiter is listening on {portal.channel}")
        async with tractor.find_actor(service_name) as sockaddr:
            print(f"my_service is found at {my_service}")
    tractor.run(main, 'some_actor_name')
 The ``name`` value you should pass to ``find_actor()`` is the one you passed as the
-*first* argument to either ``trio.run()`` or ``ActorNursery.start_actor()``.
+*first* argument to either ``tractor.run()`` or ``ActorNursery.start_actor()``.
 Running actors standalone
@ -471,17 +699,7 @@ need to hop into a debugger. You just need to pass the existing
 .. code:: python
-    import trio
+    tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=('192.168.0.10', 1616))
    import tractor
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_root_actor(
            arbiter_addr=('192.168.0.10', 1616)
        ):
            await trio.sleep_forever()
    trio.run(main)
 Choosing a process spawning backend
@ -489,22 +707,28 @@ Choosing a process spawning backend
 ``tractor`` is architected to support multiple actor (sub-process)
 spawning backends. Specific defaults are chosen based on your system
 but you can also explicitly select a backend of choice at startup
-via a ``start_method`` kwarg to ``tractor.open_nursery()``.
+via a ``start_method`` kwarg to ``tractor.run()``.
 Currently the options available are:
- ``trio``: a ``trio``-native spawner which is an async wrapper around ``subprocess``
+- ``trio_run_in_process``: a ``trio``-native spawner from the `Ethereum community`_
 - ``spawn``: one of the stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` `start methods`_
 - ``forkserver``: a faster ``multiprocessing`` variant that is Unix only
 .. _start methods: https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/multiprocessing.html#contexts-and-start-methods
 .. _Ethereum community : https://github.com/ethereum/trio-run-in-process
-``trio``
+``trio-run-in-process``
-++++++++
+++++++++++++++++++++++
-The ``trio`` backend offers a lightweight async wrapper around ``subprocess`` from the standard library and takes advantage of the ``trio.`` `open_process`_ API.
+`trio-run-in-process`_ is a young "pure ``trio``" process spawner
 which utilizes the native `trio subprocess APIs`_. It has shown great
 reliability under testing for predictable teardown when launching
 recursive pools of actors (multiple nurseries deep) and as such has been
 chosen as the default backend on \*nix systems.
-.. _open_process: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-io.html#spawning-subprocesses
+.. _trio-run-in-process: https://github.com/ethereum/trio-run-in-process
 .. _trio subprocess APIs : https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-io.html#spawning-subprocesses
 ``multiprocessing``
@ -522,8 +746,6 @@ backends.
 .. _#89: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/89
 .. _windowsgotchas:
 Windows "gotchas"
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 On Windows (which requires the use of the stdlib's `multiprocessing`
@ -545,25 +767,19 @@ main python module of the program:
 .. code:: python
    # application/__main__.py
    import trio
    import tractor
    import multiprocessing
    from . import tractor_app
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        multiprocessing.freeze_support()
-        trio.run(tractor_app.main)
+        tractor.run(tractor_app.main)
 And execute as::
    python -m application
 As an example we use the following code to test all documented examples
 in the test suite on windows:
 .. literalinclude:: ../examples/__main__.py
 See `#61`_ and `#79`_ for further details.
 .. _freeze_support(): https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.freeze_support
@ -610,3 +826,13 @@ Stuff I'd like to see ``tractor`` do real soon:
 .. _asyncitertools: https://github.com/vodik/asyncitertools
 .. _pdb++: https://github.com/antocuni/pdb
 .. _capability-based security: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability-based_security
 Feel like saying hi?
 --------------------
 This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
 ``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets all its ideas from that brilliant
 community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
 say hi, please feel free to ping me on the `trio gitter channel`_!
 .. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
--- a/docs/Makefile
+++ b/docs/Makefile
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
 # Minimal makefile for Sphinx documentation
 #
 # You can set these variables from the command line, and also
 # from the environment for the first two.
 SPHINXOPTS    ?=
 SPHINXBUILD   ?= sphinx-build
 SOURCEDIR     = .
 BUILDDIR      = _build
 # Put it first so that "make" without argument is like "make help".
 help:
 	@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
 .PHONY: help Makefile
 # Catch-all target: route all unknown targets to Sphinx using the new
 # "make mode" option.  $(O) is meant as a shortcut for $(SPHINXOPTS).
 %: Makefile
 	@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
--- a/docs/README.rst
+++ b/docs/README.rst
@ -1,632 +0,0 @@
 |logo| ``tractor``: next-gen Python parallelism
 |gh_actions|
 |docs|
 ``tractor`` is a `structured concurrent`_, multi-processing_ runtime
 built on trio_.
 Fundamentally, ``tractor`` gives you parallelism via
 ``trio``-"*actors*": independent Python processes (aka
 non-shared-memory threads) which maintain structured
 concurrency (SC) *end-to-end* inside a *supervision tree*.
 Cross-process (and thus cross-host) SC is accomplished through the
 combined use of our "actor nurseries_" and an "SC-transitive IPC
 protocol" constructed on top of multiple Pythons each running a ``trio``
 scheduled runtime - a call to ``trio.run()``.
 We believe the system adheres to the `3 axioms`_ of an "`actor model`_"
 but likely *does not* look like what *you* probably think an "actor
 model" looks like, and that's *intentional*.
 The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio`` down.
 A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
 Features
 --------
 - **It's just** a ``trio`` API
 - *Infinitely nesteable* process trees
 - Builtin IPC streaming APIs with task fan-out broadcasting
 - A "native" multi-core debugger REPL using `pdbp`_ (a fork & fix of
  `pdb++`_ thanks to @mdmintz!)
 - Support for a swappable, OS specific, process spawning layer
 - A modular transport stack, allowing for custom serialization (eg. with
  `msgspec`_), communications protocols, and environment specific IPC
  primitives
 - Support for spawning process-level-SC, inter-loop one-to-one-task oriented
  ``asyncio`` actors via "infected ``asyncio``" mode
 - `structured chadcurrency`_ from the ground up
 Run a func in a process
 -----------------------
 Use ``trio``'s style of focussing on *tasks as functions*:
 .. code:: python
    """
    Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
        $TERM -e watch -n 0.1  "pstree -a $$" \
            & python examples/parallelism/single_func.py \
            && kill $!
    """
    import os
    import tractor
    import trio
    async def burn_cpu():
        pid = os.getpid()
        # burn a core @ ~ 50kHz
        for _ in range(50000):
            await trio.sleep(1/50000/50)
        return os.getpid()
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor(burn_cpu)
            #  burn rubber in the parent too
            await burn_cpu()
            # wait on result from target function
            pid = await portal.result()
        # end of nursery block
        print(f"Collected subproc {pid}")
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        trio.run(main)
 This runs ``burn_cpu()`` in a new process and reaps it on completion
 of the nursery block.
 If you only need to run a sync function and retreive a single result, you
 might want to check out `trio-parallel`_.
 Zombie safe: self-destruct a process tree
 -----------------------------------------
 ``tractor`` tries to protect you from zombies, no matter what.
 .. code:: python
    """
    Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
        $TERM -e watch -n 0.1  "pstree -a $$" \
            & python examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py \
            && kill $!
    """
    from multiprocessing import cpu_count
    import os
    import tractor
    import trio
    async def target():
        print(
            f"Yo, i'm '{tractor.current_actor().name}' "
            f"running in pid {os.getpid()}"
        )
        await trio.sleep_forever()
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            for i in range(cpu_count()):
                await n.run_in_actor(target, name=f'worker_{i}')
            print('This process tree will self-destruct in 1 sec...')
            await trio.sleep(1)
            # raise an error in root actor/process and trigger
            # reaping of all minions
            raise Exception('Self Destructed')
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        try:
            trio.run(main)
        except Exception:
            print('Zombies Contained')
 If you can create zombie child processes (without using a system signal)
 it **is a bug**.
 "Native" multi-process debugging
 --------------------------------
 Using the magic of `pdbp`_ and our internal IPC, we've
 been able to create a native feeling debugging experience for
 any (sub-)process in your ``tractor`` tree.
 .. code:: python
    from os import getpid
    import tractor
    import trio
    async def breakpoint_forever():
        "Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
        while True:
            yield 'yo'
            await tractor.breakpoint()
    async def name_error():
        "Raise a ``NameError``"
        getattr(doggypants)
    async def main():
        """Test breakpoint in a streaming actor.
        """
        async with tractor.open_nursery(
            debug_mode=True,
            loglevel='error',
        ) as n:
            p0 = await n.start_actor('bp_forever', enable_modules=[__name__])
            p1 = await n.start_actor('name_error', enable_modules=[__name__])
            # retreive results
            stream = await p0.run(breakpoint_forever)
            await p1.run(name_error)
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        trio.run(main)
 You can run this with::
    >>> python examples/debugging/multi_daemon_subactors.py
 And, yes, there's a built-in crash handling mode B)
 We're hoping to add a respawn-from-repl system soon!
 SC compatible bi-directional streaming
 --------------------------------------
 Yes, you saw it here first; we provide 2-way streams
 with reliable, transitive setup/teardown semantics.
 Our nascent api is remniscent of ``trio.Nursery.start()``
 style invocation:
 .. code:: python
    import trio
    import tractor
    @tractor.context
    async def simple_rpc(
        ctx: tractor.Context,
        data: int,
    ) -> None:
        '''Test a small ping-pong 2-way streaming server.
        '''
        # signal to parent that we're up much like
        # ``trio_typing.TaskStatus.started()``
        await ctx.started(data + 1)
        async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
            count = 0
            async for msg in stream:
                assert msg == 'ping'
                await stream.send('pong')
                count += 1
            else:
                assert count == 10
    async def main() -> None:
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'rpc_server',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            # XXX: this syntax requires py3.9
            async with (
                portal.open_context(
                    simple_rpc,
                    data=10,
                ) as (ctx, sent),
                ctx.open_stream() as stream,
            ):
                assert sent == 11
                count = 0
                # receive msgs using async for style
                await stream.send('ping')
                async for msg in stream:
                    assert msg == 'pong'
                    await stream.send('ping')
                    count += 1
                    if count >= 9:
                        break
            # explicitly teardown the daemon-actor
            await portal.cancel_actor()
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        trio.run(main)
 See original proposal and discussion in `#53`_ as well
 as follow up improvements in `#223`_ that we'd love to
 hear your thoughts on!
 .. _#53: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/53
 .. _#223: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/223
 Worker poolz are easy peasy
 ---------------------------
 The initial ask from most new users is *"how do I make a worker
 pool thing?"*.
 ``tractor`` is built to handle any SC (structured concurrent) process
 tree you can imagine; a "worker pool" pattern is a trivial special
 case.
 We have a `full worker pool re-implementation`_ of the std-lib's
 ``concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor`` example for reference.
 You can run it like so (from this dir) to see the process tree in
 real time::
    $TERM -e watch -n 0.1  "pstree -a $$" \
        & python examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py \
        && kill $!
 This uses no extra threads, fancy semaphores or futures; all we need
 is ``tractor``'s IPC!
 "Infected ``asyncio``" mode
 ---------------------------
 Have a bunch of ``asyncio`` code you want to force to be SC at the process level?
 Check out our experimental system for `guest-mode`_ controlled
 ``asyncio`` actors:
 .. code:: python
    import asyncio
    from statistics import mean
    import time
    import trio
    import tractor
    async def aio_echo_server(
        to_trio: trio.MemorySendChannel,
        from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
    ) -> None:
        # a first message must be sent **from** this ``asyncio``
        # task or the ``trio`` side will never unblock from
        # ``tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from():``
        to_trio.send_nowait('start')
        # XXX: this uses an ``from_trio: asyncio.Queue`` currently but we
        # should probably offer something better.
        while True:
            # echo the msg back
            to_trio.send_nowait(await from_trio.get())
            await asyncio.sleep(0)
    @tractor.context
    async def trio_to_aio_echo_server(
        ctx: tractor.Context,
    ):
        # this will block until the ``asyncio`` task sends a "first"
        # message.
        async with tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
            aio_echo_server,
        ) as (first, chan):
            assert first == 'start'
            await ctx.started(first)
            async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                async for msg in stream:
                    await chan.send(msg)
                    out = await chan.receive()
                    # echo back to parent actor-task
                    await stream.send(out)
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            p = await n.start_actor(
                'aio_server',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
            async with p.open_context(
                trio_to_aio_echo_server,
            ) as (ctx, first):
                assert first == 'start'
                count = 0
                async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                    delays = []
                    send = time.time()
                    await stream.send(count)
                    async for msg in stream:
                        recv = time.time()
                        delays.append(recv - send)
                        assert msg == count
                        count += 1
                        send = time.time()
                        await stream.send(count)
                        if count >= 1e3:
                            break
            print(f'mean round trip rate (Hz): {1/mean(delays)}')
            await p.cancel_actor()
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        trio.run(main)
 Yes, we spawn a python process, run ``asyncio``, start ``trio`` on the
 ``asyncio`` loop, then send commands to the ``trio`` scheduled tasks to
 tell ``asyncio`` tasks what to do XD
 We need help refining the `asyncio`-side channel API to be more
 `trio`-like. Feel free to sling your opinion in `#273`_!
 .. _#273: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/273
 Higher level "cluster" APIs
 ---------------------------
 To be extra terse the ``tractor`` devs have started hacking some "higher
 level" APIs for managing actor trees/clusters. These interfaces should
 generally be condsidered provisional for now but we encourage you to try
 them and provide feedback. Here's a new API that let's you quickly
 spawn a flat cluster:
 .. code:: python
    import trio
    import tractor
    async def sleepy_jane():
        uid = tractor.current_actor().uid
        print(f'Yo i am actor {uid}')
        await trio.sleep_forever()
    async def main():
        '''
        Spawn a flat actor cluster, with one process per
        detected core.
        '''
        portal_map: dict[str, tractor.Portal]
        results: dict[str, str]
        # look at this hip new syntax!
        async with (
            tractor.open_actor_cluster(
                modules=[__name__]
            ) as portal_map,
            trio.open_nursery() as n,
        ):
            for (name, portal) in portal_map.items():
                n.start_soon(portal.run, sleepy_jane)
            await trio.sleep(0.5)
            # kill the cluster with a cancel
            raise KeyboardInterrupt
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        try:
            trio.run(main)
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            pass
 .. _full worker pool re-implementation: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/blob/master/examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py
 Install
 -------
 From PyPi::
    pip install tractor
 From git::
    pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
 Under the hood
 --------------
 ``tractor`` is an attempt to pair trionic_ `structured concurrency`_ with
 distributed Python. You can think of it as a ``trio``
 *-across-processes* or simply as an opinionated replacement for the
 stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` but built on async programming primitives
 from the ground up.
 Don't be scared off by this description. ``tractor`` **is just** ``trio``
 but with nurseries for process management and cancel-able streaming IPC.
 If you understand how to work with ``trio``, ``tractor`` will give you
 the parallelism you may have been needing.
 Wait, huh?! I thought "actors" have messages, and mailboxes and stuff?!
 ***********************************************************************
 Let's stop and ask how many canon actor model papers have you actually read ;)
 From our experience many "actor systems" aren't really "actor models"
 since they **don't adhere** to the `3 axioms`_ and pay even less
 attention to the problem of *unbounded non-determinism* (which was the
 whole point for creation of the model in the first place).
 From the author's mouth, **the only thing required** is `adherance to`_
 the `3 axioms`_, *and that's it*.
 ``tractor`` adheres to said base requirements of an "actor model"::
    In response to a message, an actor may:
    - send a finite number of new messages
    - create a finite number of new actors
    - designate a new behavior to process subsequent messages
 **and** requires *no further api changes* to accomplish this.
 If you want do debate this further please feel free to chime in on our
 chat or discuss on one of the following issues *after you've read
 everything in them*:
 - https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/210
 - https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/18
 Let's clarify our parlance
 **************************
 Whether or not ``tractor`` has "actors" underneath should be mostly
 irrelevant to users other then for referring to the interactions of our
 primary runtime primitives: each Python process + ``trio.run()``
 + surrounding IPC machinery. These are our high level, base
 *runtime-units-of-abstraction* which both *are* (as much as they can
 be in Python) and will be referred to as our *"actors"*.
 The main goal of ``tractor`` is is to allow for highly distributed
 software that, through the adherence to *structured concurrency*,
 results in systems which fail in predictable, recoverable and maybe even
 understandable ways; being an "actor model" is just one way to describe
 properties of the system.
 What's on the TODO:
 -------------------
 Help us push toward the future of distributed `Python`.
 - Erlang-style supervisors via composed context managers (see `#22
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/22>`_)
 - Typed messaging protocols (ex. via ``msgspec.Struct``, see `#36
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/36>`_)
 - Typed capability-based (dialog) protocols ( see `#196
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/196>`_ with draft work
  started in `#311 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/311>`_)
 - We **recently disabled CI-testing on windows** and need help getting
  it running again! (see `#327
  <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/327>`_). **We do have windows
  support** (and have for quite a while) but since no active hacker
  exists in the user-base to help test on that OS, for now we're not
  actively maintaining testing due to the added hassle and general
  latency..
 Feel like saying hi?
 --------------------
 This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
 ``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets most of its ideas from that brilliant
 community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
 say hi, please feel free to reach us in our `matrix channel`_.  If
 matrix seems too hip, we're also mostly all in the the `trio gitter
 channel`_!
 .. _structured concurrent: https://trio.discourse.group/t/concise-definition-of-structured-concurrency/228
 .. _multi-processing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing
 .. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
 .. _nurseries: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/#nurseries-a-structured-replacement-for-go-statements
 .. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
 .. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
 .. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
 .. _3 axioms: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7erJ1DV_Tlo&t=162s
 .. .. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
 .. _adherance to: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7erJ1DV_Tlo&t=1821s
 .. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
 .. _matrix channel: https://matrix.to/#/!tractor:matrix.org
 .. _pdbp: https://github.com/mdmintz/pdbp
 .. _pdb++: https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp
 .. _guest mode: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-lowlevel.html?highlight=guest%20mode#using-guest-mode-to-run-trio-on-top-of-other-event-loops
 .. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
 .. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
 .. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 .. _structured concurrency: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_concurrency
 .. _structured chadcurrency: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_concurrency
 .. _structured concurrency: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_concurrency
 .. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
 .. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
 .. _trio-parallel: https://github.com/richardsheridan/trio-parallel
 .. _msgspec: https://jcristharif.com/msgspec/
 .. _guest-mode: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-lowlevel.html?highlight=guest%20mode#using-guest-mode-to-run-trio-on-top-of-other-event-loops
 .. |gh_actions| image:: https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Factions-badge.atrox.dev%2Fgoodboy%2Ftractor%2Fbadge&style=popout-square
    :target: https://actions-badge.atrox.dev/goodboy/tractor/goto
 .. |docs| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/tractor/badge/?version=latest
    :target: https://tractor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
    :alt: Documentation Status
 .. |logo| image:: _static/tractor_logo_side.svg
    :width: 250
    :align: middle
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+++ b/docs/_static/tractor_logo_side.svg
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 </g>
 </svg>
--- a/docs/conf.py
+++ b/docs/conf.py
@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
 # Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.
 #
 # This file only contains a selection of the most common options. For a full
 # list see the documentation:
 # https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html
 # -- Path setup --------------------------------------------------------------
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
 # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
 #
 # import os
 # import sys
 # sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
 # Warn about all references to unknown targets
 nitpicky = True
 # The master toctree document.
 master_doc = 'index'
 # -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------
 project = 'tractor'
 copyright = '2018, Tyler Goodlet'
 author = 'Tyler Goodlet'
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags
 release = '0.0.0a0.dev0'
 # -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
 # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
 # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
 # ones.
 extensions = [
    'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
    'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
    'sphinx.ext.todo',
 ]
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
 templates_path = ['_templates']
 # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
 # This pattern also affects html_static_path and html_extra_path.
 exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']
 # -- Options for HTML output -------------------------------------------------
 # The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  See the documentation for
 # a list of builtin themes.
 #
 html_theme = 'sphinx_book_theme'
 pygments_style = 'algol_nu'
 # Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
 # further.  For a list of options available for each theme, see the
 # documentation.
 html_theme_options = {
    # 'logo': 'tractor_logo_side.svg',
    # 'description': 'Structured concurrent "actors"',
    "repository_url": "https://github.com/goodboy/tractor",
    "use_repository_button": True,
    "home_page_in_toc": False,
    "show_toc_level": 1,
    "path_to_docs": "docs",
 }
 html_sidebars = {
    "**": [
        "sbt-sidebar-nav.html",
        # "sidebar-search-bs.html",
        # 'localtoc.html',
    ],
    #     'logo.html',
    #     'github.html',
    #     'relations.html',
    #     'searchbox.html'
    # ]
 }
 # doesn't seem to work?
 # extra_navbar = "<p>nextttt-gennnnn</p>"
 html_title = ''
 html_logo = '_static/tractor_logo_side.svg'
 html_favicon = '_static/tractor_logo_side.svg'
 # show_navbar_depth = 1
 # Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
 # relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
 # so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
 html_static_path = ['_static']
 # Example configuration for intersphinx: refer to the Python standard library.
 intersphinx_mapping = {
    "python": ("https://docs.python.org/3", None),
    "pytest": ("https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest", None),
    "setuptools": ("https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest", None),
 }
--- a/docs/dev_tips.rst
+++ b/docs/dev_tips.rst
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
 Hot tips for ``tractor`` hackers
 ================================
 This is a WIP guide for newcomers to the project mostly to do with
 dev, testing, CI and release gotchas, reminders and best practises.
 ``tractor`` is a fairly novel project compared to most since it is
 effectively a new way of doing distributed computing in Python and is
 much closer to working with an "application level runtime" (like erlang
 OTP or scala's akka project) then it is a traditional Python library.
 As such, having an arsenal of tools and recipes for figuring out the
 right way to debug problems when they do arise is somewhat of
 a necessity.
 Making a Release
 ----------------
 We currently do nothing special here except the traditional
 PyPa release recipe as in `documented by twine`_. I personally
 create sub-dirs within the generated `dist/` with an explicit
 release name such as `alpha3/` when there's been a sequence of
 releases I've made, but it really is up to you how you like to
 organize generated sdists locally.
 The resulting build cmds are approximately:
 .. code:: bash
    python setup.py sdist -d ./dist/XXX.X/
    twine upload -r testpypi dist/XXX.X/*
    twine upload dist/XXX.X/*
 .. _documented by twine: https://twine.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#using-twine
 Debugging and monitoring actor trees
 ------------------------------------
 TODO: but there are tips in the readme for some terminal commands
 which can be used to see the process trees easily on Linux.
 Using the log system to trace `trio` task flow
 ----------------------------------------------
 TODO: the logging system is meant to be oriented around
 stack "layers" of the runtime such that you can track
 "logical abstraction layers" in the code such as errors, cancellation,
 IPC and streaming, and the low level transport and wire protocols.
--- a/docs/github_readme/_sphinx_readme.rst
+++ b/docs/github_readme/_sphinx_readme.rst
@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
 tractor
 =======
 The Python async-native multi-core system *you always wanted*.
 |gh_actions|
 |docs|
 .. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
 .. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
 .. _multi-processing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing
 .. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
 .. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
 .. _structured concurrent: https://trio.discourse.group/t/concise-definition-of-structured-concurrency/228
 ``tractor`` is a `structured concurrent`_ "`actor model`_" built on trio_ and multi-processing_.
 It is an attempt to pair trionic_ `structured concurrency`_ with
 distributed Python. You can think of it as a ``trio``
 *-across-processes* or simply as an opinionated replacement for the
 stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` but built on async programming primitives
 from the ground up.
 Don't be scared off by this description. ``tractor`` **is just ``trio``**
 but with nurseries for process management and cancel-able IPC.
 If you understand how to work with ``trio``, ``tractor`` will give you
 the parallelism you've been missing.
 ``tractor``'s nurseries let you spawn ``trio`` *"actors"*: new Python
 processes which each run a ``trio`` scheduled task tree (also known as
 an `async sandwich`_ - a call to ``trio.run()``). That is, each
 "*Actor*" is a new process plus a ``trio`` runtime.
 "Actors" communicate by exchanging asynchronous messages_ and avoid
 sharing state. The intention of this model is to allow for highly
 distributed software that, through the adherence to *structured
 concurrency*, results in systems which fail in predictable and
 recoverable ways.
 The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio`` down.
 A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
 .. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
 .. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
 .. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 .. _structured concurrency: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
 .. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
 .. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
 .. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
 Install
 -------
 No PyPi release yet!
 ::
    pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
 Alluring Features
 -----------------
 - **It's just** ``trio``, but with SC applied to processes (aka "actors")
 - Infinitely nesteable process trees
 - Built-in API for inter-process streaming
 - A (first ever?) "native" multi-core debugger for Python using `pdb++`_
 - (Soon to land) ``asyncio`` support allowing for "infected" actors where
  `trio` drives the `asyncio` scheduler via the astounding "`guest mode`_"
 Example: self-destruct a process tree
 -------------------------------------
 .. literalinclude:: ../../examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py
    :language: python
 The example you're probably after...
 ------------------------------------
 It seems the initial query from most new users is "how do I make a worker
 pool thing?".
 ``tractor`` is built to handle any SC process tree you can
 imagine; the "worker pool" pattern is a trivial special case:
 .. literalinclude:: ../../examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py
    :language: python
 Feel like saying hi?
 --------------------
 This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
 ``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets most of its ideas from that brilliant
 community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
 say hi, please feel free to reach us in our `matrix channel`_.  If
 matrix seems too hip, we're also mostly all in the the `trio gitter
 channel`_!
 .. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
 .. _matrix channel: https://matrix.to/#/!tractor:matrix.org
 .. _pdb++: https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp
 .. _guest mode: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-lowlevel.html?highlight=guest%20mode#using-guest-mode-to-run-trio-on-top-of-other-event-loops
 .. |gh_actions| image:: https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Factions-badge.atrox.dev%2Fgoodboy%2Ftractor%2Fbadge&style=popout-square
    :target: https://actions-badge.atrox.dev/goodboy/tractor/goto
 .. |docs| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/tractor/badge/?version=latest
    :target: https://tractor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
    :alt: Documentation Status
--- a/docs/github_readme/conf.py
+++ b/docs/github_readme/conf.py
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
 # Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.
 # this config is for the rst generation extension and thus
 # requires only basic settings:
 # https://github.com/sphinx-contrib/restbuilder
 # -- Path setup --------------------------------------------------------------
 # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
 # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
 # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
 #
 # import os
 # import sys
 # sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
 # Warn about all references to unknown targets
 nitpicky = True
 # The master toctree document.
 master_doc = '_sphinx_readme'
 # -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------
 project = 'tractor'
 copyright = '2018, Tyler Goodlet'
 author = 'Tyler Goodlet'
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags
 release = '0.0.0a0.dev0'
 # -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
 # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
 # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
 # ones.
 extensions = [
    'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
    'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
    'sphinx.ext.todo',
    'sphinxcontrib.restbuilder',
 ]
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
 templates_path = ['_templates']
 # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
 # This pattern also affects html_static_path and html_extra_path.
 exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']
--- a/docs/mk_gh_readme.sh
+++ b/docs/mk_gh_readme.sh
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 sphinx-build -b rst ./github_readme ./
 mv _sphinx_readme.rst _README.rst
--- a/examples/init.py
+++ b/examples/init.py
--- a/examples/main.py
+++ b/examples/main.py
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
 """
 Needed on Windows.
 This module is needed as the program entry point for invocation
 with ``python -m <modulename>``. See the solution from @chrizzFTD
 here:
    https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/61#issuecomment-470053512
 """
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    import multiprocessing
    multiprocessing.freeze_support()
    # ``tests/test_docs_examples.py::test_example`` will copy each
    # script from this examples directory into a module in a new
    # temporary dir and name it test_example.py. We import that script
    # module here and invoke it's ``main()``.
    from . import test_example
    test_example.trio.run(test_example.main)
--- a/examples/a_trynamic_first_scene.py
+++ b/examples/a_trynamic_first_scene.py
@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 _this_module = __name__
 the_line = 'Hi my name is {}'
 tractor.log.get_console_log("INFO")
 async def hi():
    return the_line.format(tractor.current_actor().name)
 async def say_hello(other_actor):
    async with tractor.wait_for_actor(other_actor) as portal:
        return await portal.run(hi)
 async def main():
    """Main tractor entry point, the "master" process (for now
    acts as the "director").
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        print("Alright... Action!")
        donny = await n.run_in_actor(
            say_hello,
            name='donny',
            # arguments are always named
            other_actor='gretchen',
        )
        gretchen = await n.run_in_actor(
            say_hello,
            name='gretchen',
            other_actor='donny',
        )
        print(await gretchen.result())
        print(await donny.result())
        print("CUTTTT CUUTT CUT!!! Donny!! You're supposed to say...")
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/actor_spawning_and_causality.py
+++ b/examples/actor_spawning_and_causality.py
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def cellar_door():
    assert not tractor.is_root_process()
    return "Dang that's beautiful"
 async def main():
    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            cellar_door,
            name='some_linguist',
        )
    # The ``async with`` will unblock here since the 'some_linguist'
    # actor has completed its main task ``cellar_door``.
    print(await portal.result())
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/actor_spawning_and_causality_with_daemon.py
+++ b/examples/actor_spawning_and_causality_with_daemon.py
@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def movie_theatre_question():
    """A question asked in a dark theatre, in a tangent
    (errr, I mean different) process.
    """
    return 'have you ever seen a portal?'
 async def main():
    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'frank',
            # enable the actor to run funcs from this current module
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        print(await portal.run(movie_theatre_question))
        # call the subactor a 2nd time
        print(await portal.run(movie_theatre_question))
        # the async with will block here indefinitely waiting
        # for our actor "frank" to complete, but since it's an
        # "outlive_main" actor it will never end until cancelled
        await portal.cancel_actor()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/advanced_faults/ipc_failure_during_stream.py
+++ b/examples/advanced_faults/ipc_failure_during_stream.py
@ -1,151 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Complex edge case where during real-time streaming the IPC tranport
 channels are wiped out (purposely in this example though it could have
 been an outage) and we want to ensure that despite being in debug mode
 (or not) the user can sent SIGINT once they notice the hang and the
 actor tree will eventually be cancelled without leaving any zombies.
 '''
 import trio
 from tractor import (
    open_nursery,
    context,
    Context,
    MsgStream,
 )
 async def break_channel_silently_then_error(
    stream: MsgStream,
 ):
    async for msg in stream:
        await stream.send(msg)
        # XXX: close the channel right after an error is raised
        # purposely breaking the IPC transport to make sure the parent
        # doesn't get stuck in debug or hang on the connection join.
        # this more or less simulates an infinite msg-receive hang on
        # the other end.
        await stream._ctx.chan.send(None)
        assert 0
 async def close_stream_and_error(
    stream: MsgStream,
 ):
    async for msg in stream:
        await stream.send(msg)
        # wipe out channel right before raising
        await stream._ctx.chan.send(None)
        await stream.aclose()
        assert 0
@context
 async def recv_and_spawn_net_killers(
    ctx: Context,
    break_ipc_after: bool | int = False,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Receive stream msgs and spawn some IPC killers mid-stream.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    async with (
        ctx.open_stream() as stream,
        trio.open_nursery() as n,
    ):
        async for i in stream:
            print(f'child echoing {i}')
            await stream.send(i)
            if (
                break_ipc_after
                and i > break_ipc_after
            ):
                '#################################\n'
                'Simulating child-side IPC BREAK!\n'
                '#################################'
                n.start_soon(break_channel_silently_then_error, stream)
                n.start_soon(close_stream_and_error, stream)
 async def main(
    debug_mode: bool = False,
    start_method: str = 'trio',
    # by default we break the parent IPC first (if configured to break
    # at all), but this can be changed so the child does first (even if
    # both are set to break).
    break_parent_ipc_after: int | bool = False,
    break_child_ipc_after: int | bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    async with (
        open_nursery(
            start_method=start_method,
            # NOTE: even debugger is used we shouldn't get
            # a hang since it never engages due to broken IPC
            debug_mode=debug_mode,
            loglevel='warning',
        ) as an,
    ):
        portal = await an.start_actor(
            'chitty_hijo',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        async with portal.open_context(
            recv_and_spawn_net_killers,
            break_ipc_after=break_child_ipc_after,
        ) as (ctx, sent):
            async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                for i in range(1000):
                    if (
                        break_parent_ipc_after
                        and i > break_parent_ipc_after
                    ):
                        print(
                            '#################################\n'
                            'Simulating parent-side IPC BREAK!\n'
                            '#################################'
                        )
                        await stream._ctx.chan.send(None)
                    # it actually breaks right here in the
                    # mp_spawn/forkserver backends and thus the zombie
                    # reaper never even kicks in?
                    print(f'parent sending {i}')
                    await stream.send(i)
                    with trio.move_on_after(2) as cs:
                        # NOTE: in the parent side IPC failure case this
                        # will raise an ``EndOfChannel`` after the child
                        # is killed and sends a stop msg back to it's
                        # caller/this-parent.
                        rx = await stream.receive()
                        print(f"I'm a happy user and echoed to me is {rx}")
                    if cs.cancelled_caught:
                        # pretend to be a user seeing no streaming action
                        # thinking it's a hang, and then hitting ctl-c..
                        print("YOO i'm a user anddd thingz hangin..")
                print(
                    "YOO i'm mad send side dun but thingz hangin..\n"
                    'MASHING CTlR-C Ctl-c..'
                )
                raise KeyboardInterrupt
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/asynchronous_generators.py
+++ b/examples/asynchronous_generators.py
@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
 from typing import AsyncIterator
 from itertools import repeat
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def stream_forever() -> AsyncIterator[int]:
    for i in repeat("I can see these little future bubble things"):
        # each yielded value is sent over the ``Channel`` to the parent actor
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.01)
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'donny',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        # this async for loop streams values from the above
        # async generator running in a separate process
        async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_forever) as stream:
            count = 0
            async for letter in stream:
                print(letter)
                count += 1
                if count > 50:
                    break
        print('stream terminated')
        await portal.cancel_actor()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/fast_error_in_root_after_spawn.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/fast_error_in_root_after_spawn.py
@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Fast fail test with a context.
 Ensure the partially initialized sub-actor process
 doesn't cause a hang on error/cancel of the parent
 nursery.
 '''
 import trio
 import tractor
@tractor.context
 async def sleep(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ):
    await trio.sleep(0.5)
    await ctx.started()
    await trio.sleep_forever()
 async def open_ctx(
    n: tractor._supervise.ActorNursery
 ):
    # spawn both actors
    portal = await n.start_actor(
        name='sleeper',
        enable_modules=[__name__],
    )
    async with portal.open_context(
        sleep,
    ) as (ctx, first):
        assert first is None
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
        loglevel='runtime',
    ) as an:
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            n.start_soon(open_ctx, an)
            await trio.sleep(0.2)
            await trio.sleep(0.1)
            assert 0
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/multi_daemon_subactors.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/multi_daemon_subactors.py
@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
 import tractor
 import trio
 async def breakpoint_forever():
    "Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
    while True:
        yield 'yo'
        await tractor.breakpoint()
 async def name_error():
    "Raise a ``NameError``"
    getattr(doggypants)  # noqa
 async def main():
    """Test breakpoint in a streaming actor.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
        loglevel='error',
    ) as n:
        p0 = await n.start_actor('bp_forever', enable_modules=[__name__])
        p1 = await n.start_actor('name_error', enable_modules=[__name__])
        # retreive results
        async with p0.open_stream_from(breakpoint_forever) as stream:
            # triggers the first name error
            try:
                await p1.run(name_error)
            except tractor.RemoteActorError as rae:
                assert rae.type is NameError
            async for i in stream:
                # a second time try the failing subactor and this tie
                # let error propagate up to the parent/nursery.
                await p1.run(name_error)
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/multi_nested_subactors_error_up_through_nurseries.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/multi_nested_subactors_error_up_through_nurseries.py
@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def name_error():
    "Raise a ``NameError``"
    getattr(doggypants)  # noqa
 async def breakpoint_forever():
    "Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
    while True:
        await tractor.breakpoint()
        # NOTE: if the test never sent 'q'/'quit' commands
        # on the pdb repl, without this checkpoint line the
        # repl would spin in this actor forever.
        # await trio.sleep(0)
 async def spawn_until(depth=0):
    """"A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        if depth < 1:
            await n.run_in_actor(breakpoint_forever)
            p = await n.run_in_actor(
                name_error,
                name='name_error'
            )
            await trio.sleep(0.5)
            # rx and propagate error from child
            await p.result()
        else:
            # recusrive call to spawn another process branching layer of
            # the tree
            depth -= 1
            await n.run_in_actor(
                spawn_until,
                depth=depth,
                name=f'spawn_until_{depth}',
            )
 async def main():
    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
    The process tree should look as approximately as follows when the debugger
    first engages:
    python examples/debugging/multi_nested_subactors_bp_forever.py
    ├─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner1', '7eab8462 ...)
    │  └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_3', 'afcba7a8 ...)
    │     └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_2', 'd2433d13 ...)
    │        └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_1', '1df589de ...)
    │           └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_0', '3720602b ...)
    │
    └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner0', '1d42012b ...)
       └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_2', '2877e155 ...)
          └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_1', '0502d786 ...)
             └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_0', 'de918e6d ...)
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
        # loglevel='cancel',
    ) as n:
        # spawn both actors
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            spawn_until,
            depth=3,
            name='spawner0',
        )
        portal1 = await n.run_in_actor(
            spawn_until,
            depth=4,
            name='spawner1',
        )
        # TODO: test this case as well where the parent don't see
        # the sub-actor errors by default and instead expect a user
        # ctrl-c to kill the root.
        with trio.move_on_after(3):
            await trio.sleep_forever()
        # gah still an issue here.
        await portal.result()
        # should never get here
        await portal1.result()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/multi_subactor_root_errors.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/multi_subactor_root_errors.py
@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Test that a nested nursery will avoid clobbering
 the debugger latched by a broken child.
 '''
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def name_error():
    "Raise a ``NameError``"
    getattr(doggypants)  # noqa
 async def spawn_error():
    """"A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            name_error,
            name='name_error_1',
            )
        return await portal.result()
 async def main():
    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
    The process tree should look as approximately as follows:
    python examples/debugging/multi_subactors.py
    ├─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', 'a7caf490 ...)
    `-python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_error', '52ee14a5 ...)
       `-python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '3391222c ...)
    Order of failure:
        - nested name_error sub-sub-actor
        - root actor should then fail on assert
        - program termination
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
        # loglevel='cancel',
    ) as n:
        # spawn both actors
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            name_error,
            name='name_error',
        )
        portal1 = await n.run_in_actor(
            spawn_error,
            name='spawn_error',
        )
        # trigger a root actor error
        assert 0
        # attempt to collect results (which raises error in parent)
        # still has some issues where the parent seems to get stuck
        await portal.result()
        await portal1.result()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/multi_subactors.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/multi_subactors.py
@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
 import tractor
 import trio
 async def breakpoint_forever():
    "Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
    while True:
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
        await tractor.breakpoint()
 async def name_error():
    "Raise a ``NameError``"
    getattr(doggypants)  # noqa
 async def spawn_error():
    """"A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            name_error,
            name='name_error_1',
        )
        return await portal.result()
 async def main():
    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
    The process tree should look as approximately as follows:
    -python examples/debugging/multi_subactors.py
    |-python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', 'a7caf490 ...)
    |-python -m tractor._child --uid ('bp_forever', '1f787a7e ...)
    `-python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_error', '52ee14a5 ...)
       `-python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '3391222c ...)
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
    ) as n:
        # Spawn both actors, don't bother with collecting results
        # (would result in a different debugger outcome due to parent's
        # cancellation).
        await n.run_in_actor(breakpoint_forever)
        await n.run_in_actor(name_error)
        await n.run_in_actor(spawn_error)
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/open_ctx_modnofound.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/open_ctx_modnofound.py
@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
@tractor.context
 async def just_sleep(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    **kwargs,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Start and sleep.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    await trio.sleep_forever()
 async def main() -> None:
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
    ) as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'ctx_child',
            # XXX: we don't enable the current module in order
            # to trigger `ModuleNotFound`.
            enable_modules=[],
        )
        async with portal.open_context(
            just_sleep,  # taken from pytest parameterization
        ) as (ctx, sent):
            raise KeyboardInterrupt
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/per_actor_debug.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/per_actor_debug.py
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def die():
    raise RuntimeError
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
        debug_actor = await tn.start_actor(
            'debugged_boi',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
            debug_mode=True,
        )
        crash_boi = await tn.start_actor(
            'crash_boi',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
            # debug_mode=True,
        )
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            n.start_soon(debug_actor.run, die)
            n.start_soon(crash_boi.run, die)
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/restore_builtin_breakpoint.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/restore_builtin_breakpoint.py
@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
 import os
 import sys
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def main() -> None:
    async with tractor.open_nursery(debug_mode=True) as an:
        assert os.environ['PYTHONBREAKPOINT'] == 'tractor._debug._set_trace'
        # TODO: an assert that verifies the hook has indeed been, hooked
        # XD
        assert sys.breakpointhook is not tractor._debug._set_trace
        breakpoint()
    # TODO: an assert that verifies the hook is unhooked..
    assert sys.breakpointhook
    breakpoint()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/root_actor_breakpoint.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/root_actor_breakpoint.py
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(
        debug_mode=True,
    ):
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
        await tractor.breakpoint()
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/root_actor_breakpoint_forever.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/root_actor_breakpoint_forever.py
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(
        debug_mode=True,
    ):
        while True:
            await tractor.breakpoint()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/root_actor_error.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/root_actor_error.py
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(
        debug_mode=True,
    ):
        assert 0
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/root_cancelled_but_child_is_in_tty_lock.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/root_cancelled_but_child_is_in_tty_lock.py
@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def name_error():
    "Raise a ``NameError``"
    getattr(doggypants)  # noqa
 async def spawn_until(depth=0):
    """"A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        if depth < 1:
            # await n.run_in_actor('breakpoint_forever', breakpoint_forever)
            await n.run_in_actor(name_error)
        else:
            depth -= 1
            await n.run_in_actor(
                spawn_until,
                depth=depth,
                name=f'spawn_until_{depth}',
            )
 async def main():
    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
    The process tree should look as approximately as follows when the debugger
    first engages:
    python examples/debugging/multi_nested_subactors_bp_forever.py
    ├─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner1', '7eab8462 ...)
    │  └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_0', '3720602b ...)
    │     └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '505bf71d ...)
    │
    └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner0', '1d42012b ...)
       └─ python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '6c2733b8 ...)
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
        loglevel='warning'
    ) as n:
        # spawn both actors
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            spawn_until,
            depth=0,
            name='spawner0',
        )
        portal1 = await n.run_in_actor(
            spawn_until,
            depth=1,
            name='spawner1',
        )
        # nursery cancellation should be triggered due to propagated
        # error from child.
        await portal.result()
        await portal1.result()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/root_timeout_while_child_crashed.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/root_timeout_while_child_crashed.py
@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def key_error():
    "Raise a ``NameError``"
    return {}['doggy']
 async def main():
    """Root dies 
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
        loglevel='debug'
    ) as n:
        # spawn both actors
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(key_error)
        # XXX: originally a bug caused by this is where root would enter
        # the debugger and clobber the tty used by the repl even though
        # child should have it locked.
        with trio.fail_after(1):
            await trio.Event().wait()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/subactor_bp_in_ctx.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/subactor_bp_in_ctx.py
@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
 import tractor
 import trio
 async def gen():
    yield 'yo'
    await tractor.breakpoint()
    yield 'yo'
    await tractor.breakpoint()
@tractor.context
 async def just_bp(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    await tractor.breakpoint()
    # TODO: bps and errors in this call..
    async for val in gen():
        print(val)
    # await trio.sleep(0.5)
    # prematurely destroy the connection
    await ctx.chan.aclose()
    # THIS CAUSES AN UNRECOVERABLE HANG
    # without latest ``pdbpp``:
    assert 0
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
    ) as n:
        p = await n.start_actor(
            'bp_boi',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        async with p.open_context(
            just_bp,
        ) as (ctx, first):
            await trio.sleep_forever()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/subactor_breakpoint.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/subactor_breakpoint.py
@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def breakpoint_forever():
    """Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor.
    """
    while True:
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
        await tractor.breakpoint()
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
    ) as n:
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(
            breakpoint_forever,
        )
        await portal.result()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/debugging/subactor_error.py
+++ b/examples/debugging/subactor_error.py
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def name_error():
    getattr(doggypants)
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        debug_mode=True,
    ) as n:
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(name_error)
        await portal.result()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/full_fledged_streaming_service.py
+++ b/examples/full_fledged_streaming_service.py
@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
 import time
 import trio
 import tractor
 # this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
 async def stream_data(seed):
    for i in range(seed):
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.0001)  # trigger scheduler
 # this is the third actor; the aggregator
 async def aggregate(seed):
    """Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
    a single set of values to the parent.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
        portals = []
        for i in range(1, 3):
            # fork point
            portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                name=f'streamer_{i}',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            portals.append(portal)
        send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(500)
        async def push_to_chan(portal, send_chan):
            # TODO: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/207
            async with send_chan:
                async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_data, seed=seed) as stream:
                    async for value in stream:
                        # leverage trio's built-in backpressure
                        await send_chan.send(value)
            print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
        # spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            for portal in portals:
                n.start_soon(push_to_chan, portal, send_chan.clone())
            # close this local task's reference to send side
            await send_chan.aclose()
            unique_vals = set()
            async with recv_chan:
                async for value in recv_chan:
                    if value not in unique_vals:
                        unique_vals.add(value)
                        # yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
                        yield value
                assert value in unique_vals
            print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
        await nursery.cancel()
        print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
    print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
 # this is the main actor and *arbiter*
 async def main():
    # a nursery which spawns "actors"
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        arbiter_addr=('127.0.0.1', 1616)
    ) as nursery:
        seed = int(1e3)
        pre_start = time.time()
        portal = await nursery.start_actor(
            name='aggregator',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        async with portal.open_stream_from(
            aggregate,
            seed=seed,
        ) as stream:
            start = time.time()
            # the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
            # as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
            result_stream = []
            async for value in stream:
                result_stream.append(value)
        await portal.cancel_actor()
        print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
        print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
        assert result_stream == list(range(seed))
        return result_stream
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    final_stream = trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/infected_asyncio_echo_server.py
+++ b/examples/infected_asyncio_echo_server.py
@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
 '''
 An SC compliant infected ``asyncio`` echo server.
 '''
 import asyncio
 from statistics import mean
 import time
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def aio_echo_server(
    to_trio: trio.MemorySendChannel,
    from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
 ) -> None:
    # a first message must be sent **from** this ``asyncio``
    # task or the ``trio`` side will never unblock from
    # ``tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from():``
    to_trio.send_nowait('start')
    # XXX: this uses an ``from_trio: asyncio.Queue`` currently but we
    # should probably offer something better.
    while True:
        # echo the msg back
        to_trio.send_nowait(await from_trio.get())
        await asyncio.sleep(0)
@tractor.context
 async def trio_to_aio_echo_server(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ):
    # this will block until the ``asyncio`` task sends a "first"
    # message.
    async with tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
        aio_echo_server,
    ) as (first, chan):
        assert first == 'start'
        await ctx.started(first)
        async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
            async for msg in stream:
                await chan.send(msg)
                out = await chan.receive()
                # echo back to parent actor-task
                await stream.send(out)
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        p = await n.start_actor(
            'aio_server',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
            infect_asyncio=True,
        )
        async with p.open_context(
            trio_to_aio_echo_server,
        ) as (ctx, first):
            assert first == 'start'
            count = 0
            async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                delays = []
                send = time.time()
                await stream.send(count)
                async for msg in stream:
                    recv = time.time()
                    delays.append(recv - send)
                    assert msg == count
                    count += 1
                    send = time.time()
                    await stream.send(count)
                    if count >= 1e3:
                        break
        print(f'mean round trip rate (Hz): {1/mean(delays)}')
        await p.cancel_actor()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/integration/open_context_and_sleep.py
+++ b/examples/integration/open_context_and_sleep.py
@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import click
 import tractor
 import pydantic
 # from multiprocessing import shared_memory
@tractor.context
 async def just_sleep(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    **kwargs,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Test a small ping-pong 2-way streaming server.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    await trio.sleep_forever()
 async def main() -> None:
    proc = await trio.open_process( (
        'python',
        '-c',
        'import trio; trio.run(trio.sleep_forever)',
    ))
    await proc.wait()
    # await trio.sleep_forever()
    # async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
    #     portal = await n.start_actor(
    #         'rpc_server',
    #         enable_modules=[__name__],
    #     )
    #     async with portal.open_context(
    #         just_sleep,  # taken from pytest parameterization
    #     ) as (ctx, sent):
    #         await trio.sleep_forever()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    import time
    # time.sleep(999)
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/multiple_streams_one_portal.py
+++ b/examples/multiple_streams_one_portal.py
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 log = tractor.log.get_logger('multiportal')
 async def stream_data(seed=10):
    log.info("Starting stream task")
    for i in range(seed):
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0)  # trigger scheduler
 async def stream_from_portal(p, consumed):
    async with p.open_stream_from(stream_data) as stream:
        async for item in stream:
            if item in consumed:
                consumed.remove(item)
            else:
                consumed.append(item)
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery(loglevel='info') as an:
        p = await an.start_actor('stream_boi', enable_modules=[__name__])
        consumed = []
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            for i in range(2):
                n.start_soon(stream_from_portal, p, consumed)
        # both streaming consumer tasks have completed and so we should
        # have nothing in our list thanks to single threadedness
        assert not consumed
        await an.cancel()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/parallelism/_concurrent_futures_primes.py
+++ b/examples/parallelism/_concurrent_futures_primes.py
@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
 import time
 import concurrent.futures
 import math
 PRIMES = [
    112272535095293,
    112582705942171,
    112272535095293,
    115280095190773,
    115797848077099,
    1099726899285419]
 def is_prime(n):
    if n < 2:
        return False
    if n == 2:
        return True
    if n % 2 == 0:
        return False
    sqrt_n = int(math.floor(math.sqrt(n)))
    for i in range(3, sqrt_n + 1, 2):
        if n % i == 0:
            return False
    return True
 def main():
    with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:
        start = time.time()
        for number, prime in zip(PRIMES, executor.map(is_prime, PRIMES)):
            print('%d is prime: %s' % (number, prime))
        print(f'processing took {time.time() - start} seconds')
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    main()
    print(f'script took {time.time() - start} seconds')
--- a/examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py
+++ b/examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py
@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
 """
 Demonstration of the prime number detector example from the
 ``concurrent.futures`` docs:
 https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html#processpoolexecutor-example
 This uses no extra threads, fancy semaphores or futures; all we need
 is ``tractor``'s channels.
 """
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from typing import Callable
 import itertools
 import math
 import time
 import tractor
 import trio
 from async_generator import aclosing
 PRIMES = [
    112272535095293,
    112582705942171,
    112272535095293,
    115280095190773,
    115797848077099,
    1099726899285419,
 ]
 async def is_prime(n):
    if n < 2:
        return False
    if n == 2:
        return True
    if n % 2 == 0:
        return False
    sqrt_n = int(math.floor(math.sqrt(n)))
    for i in range(3, sqrt_n + 1, 2):
        if n % i == 0:
            return False
    return True
@asynccontextmanager
 async def worker_pool(workers=4):
    """Though it's a trivial special case for ``tractor``, the well
    known "worker pool" seems to be the defacto "but, I want this
    process pattern!" for most parallelism pilgrims.
    Yes, the workers stay alive (and ready for work) until you close
    the context.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
        portals = []
        snd_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(len(PRIMES))
        for i in range(workers):
            # this starts a new sub-actor (process + trio runtime) and
            # stores it's "portal" for later use to "submit jobs" (ugh).
            portals.append(
                await tn.start_actor(
                    f'worker_{i}',
                    enable_modules=[__name__],
                )
            )
        async def _map(
            worker_func: Callable[[int], bool],
            sequence: list[int]
        ) -> list[bool]:
            # define an async (local) task to collect results from workers
            async def send_result(func, value, portal):
                await snd_chan.send((value, await portal.run(func, n=value)))
            async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                for value, portal in zip(sequence, itertools.cycle(portals)):
                    n.start_soon(
                        send_result,
                        worker_func,
                        value,
                        portal
                    )
                # deliver results as they arrive
                for _ in range(len(sequence)):
                    yield await recv_chan.receive()
        # deliver the parallel "worker mapper" to user code
        yield _map
        # tear down all "workers" on pool close
        await tn.cancel()
 async def main():
    async with worker_pool() as actor_map:
        start = time.time()
        async with aclosing(actor_map(is_prime, PRIMES)) as results:
            async for number, prime in results:
                print(f'{number} is prime: {prime}')
        print(f'processing took {time.time() - start} seconds')
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    trio.run(main)
    print(f'script took {time.time() - start} seconds')
--- a/examples/parallelism/single_func.py
+++ b/examples/parallelism/single_func.py
@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
 """
 Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
    $TERM -e watch -n 0.1  "pstree -a $$" \
        & python examples/parallelism/single_func.py \
        && kill $!
 """
 import os
 import tractor
 import trio
 async def burn_cpu():
    pid = os.getpid()
    # burn a core @ ~ 50kHz
    for _ in range(50000):
        await trio.sleep(1/50000/50)
    return os.getpid()
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.run_in_actor(burn_cpu)
        #  burn rubber in the parent too
        await burn_cpu()
        # wait on result from target function
        pid = await portal.result()
    # end of nursery block
    print(f"Collected subproc {pid}")
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py
+++ b/examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py
@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
 """
 Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
    $TERM -e watch -n 0.1  "pstree -a $$" \
        & python examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py \
        && kill $!
 """
 from multiprocessing import cpu_count
 import os
 import tractor
 import trio
 async def target():
    print(
        f"Yo, i'm '{tractor.current_actor().name}' "
        f"running in pid {os.getpid()}"
    )
    await trio.sleep_forever()
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        for i in range(cpu_count()):
            await n.run_in_actor(target, name=f'worker_{i}')
        print('This process tree will self-destruct in 1 sec...')
        await trio.sleep(1)
        # you could have done this yourself
        raise Exception('Self Destructed')
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        trio.run(main)
    except Exception:
        print('Zombies Contained')
--- a/examples/quick_cluster.py
+++ b/examples/quick_cluster.py
@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def sleepy_jane():
    uid = tractor.current_actor().uid
    print(f'Yo i am actor {uid}')
    await trio.sleep_forever()
 async def main():
    '''
    Spawn a flat actor cluster, with one process per
    detected core.
    '''
    portal_map: dict[str, tractor.Portal]
    results: dict[str, str]
    # look at this hip new syntax!
    async with (
        tractor.open_actor_cluster(
            modules=[__name__]
        ) as portal_map,
        trio.open_nursery() as n,
    ):
        for (name, portal) in portal_map.items():
            n.start_soon(portal.run, sleepy_jane)
        await trio.sleep(0.5)
        # kill the cluster with a cancel
        raise KeyboardInterrupt
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        trio.run(main)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
--- a/examples/remote_error_propagation.py
+++ b/examples/remote_error_propagation.py
@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 async def assert_err():
    assert 0
 async def main():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        real_actors = []
        for i in range(3):
            real_actors.append(await n.start_actor(
                f'actor_{i}',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            ))
        # start one actor that will fail immediately
        await n.run_in_actor(assert_err)
    # should error here with a ``RemoteActorError`` containing
    # an ``AssertionError`` and all the other actors have been cancelled
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        # also raises
        trio.run(main)
    except tractor.RemoteActorError:
        print("Look Maa that actor failed hard, hehhh!")
--- a/examples/rpc_bidir_streaming.py
+++ b/examples/rpc_bidir_streaming.py
@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
@tractor.context
 async def simple_rpc(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    data: int,
 ) -> None:
    '''Test a small ping-pong 2-way streaming server.
    '''
    # signal to parent that we're up much like
    # ``trio_typing.TaskStatus.started()``
    await ctx.started(data + 1)
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        count = 0
        async for msg in stream:
            assert msg == 'ping'
            await stream.send('pong')
            count += 1
        else:
            assert count == 10
 async def main() -> None:
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'rpc_server',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        # XXX: syntax requires py3.9
        async with (
            portal.open_context(
                simple_rpc,  # taken from pytest parameterization
                data=10,
            ) as (ctx, sent),
            ctx.open_stream() as stream,
        ):
            assert sent == 11
            count = 0
            # receive msgs using async for style
            await stream.send('ping')
            async for msg in stream:
                assert msg == 'pong'
                await stream.send('ping')
                count += 1
                if count >= 9:
                    break
        # explicitly teardown the daemon-actor
        await portal.cancel_actor()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main)
--- a/examples/service_discovery.py
+++ b/examples/service_discovery.py
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
 import trio
 import tractor
 tractor.log.get_console_log("INFO")
 async def main(service_name):
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as an:
        await an.start_actor(service_name)
        async with tractor.get_arbiter('127.0.0.1', 1616) as portal:
            print(f"Arbiter is listening on {portal.channel}")
        async with tractor.wait_for_actor(service_name) as sockaddr:
            print(f"my_service is found at {sockaddr}")
        await an.cancel()
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    trio.run(main, 'some_actor_name')
--- a/nooz/.gitignore
+++ b/nooz/.gitignore
@ -1 +0,0 @@
 !.gitignore
--- a/nooz/322.trivial.rst
+++ b/nooz/322.trivial.rst
@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
 Strictly support Python 3.10+, start runtime machinery reorg
 Since we want to push forward using the new `match:` syntax for our
 internal RPC-msg loops, we officially drop 3.9 support for the next
 release which should coincide well with the first release of 3.11.
 This patch set also officially removes the ``tractor.run()`` API (which
 has been deprecated for some time) as well as starts an initial re-org
 of the internal runtime core by:
 - renaming ``tractor._actor`` -> ``._runtime``
 - moving the ``._runtime.ActorActor._process_messages()`` and
  ``._async_main()`` to be module level singleton-task-functions since
  they are only started once for each connection and actor spawn
  respectively; this internal API thus looks more similar to (at the
  time of writing) the ``trio``-internals in ``trio._core._run``.
 - officially remove ``tractor.run()``, now deprecated for some time.
--- a/nooz/324.bugfix.rst
+++ b/nooz/324.bugfix.rst
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 Only set `._debug.Lock.local_pdb_complete` if has been created.
 This can be triggered by a very rare race condition (and thus we have no
 working test yet) but it is known to exist in (a) consumer project(s).
--- a/nooz/333.feature.rst
+++ b/nooz/333.feature.rst
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
 Add support for ``trio >= 0.22`` and support for the new Python 3.11
 ``[Base]ExceptionGroup`` from `pep 654`_ via the backported
 `exceptiongroup`_ package and some final fixes to the debug mode
 subsystem.
 This port ended up driving some (hopefully) final fixes to our debugger
 subsystem including the solution to all lingering stdstreams locking
 race-conditions and deadlock scenarios. This includes extending the
 debugger tests suite as well as cancellation and ``asyncio`` mode cases.
 Some of the notable details:
 - always reverting to the ``trio`` SIGINT handler when leaving debug
  mode.
 - bypassing child attempts to acquire the debug lock when detected
  to be amdist actor-runtime-cancellation.
 - allowing the root actor to cancel local but IPC-stale subactor
  requests-tasks for the debug lock when in a "no IPC peers" state.
 Further we refined our ``ActorNursery`` semantics to be more similar to
 ``trio`` in the sense that parent task errors are always packed into the
 actor-nursery emitted exception group and adjusted all tests and
 examples accordingly.
 .. _pep 654: https://peps.python.org/pep-0654/#handling-exception-groups
 .. _exceptiongroup: https://github.com/python-trio/exceptiongroup
--- a/nooz/335.trivial.rst
+++ b/nooz/335.trivial.rst
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 Establish an explicit "backend spawning" method table; use it from CI
 More clearly lays out the current set of (3) backends: ``['trio',
 'mp_spawn', 'mp_forkserver']`` and adjusts the ``._spawn.py`` internals
 as well as the test suite to accommodate.
--- a/nooz/336.trivial.rst
+++ b/nooz/336.trivial.rst
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
 Add ``key: Callable[..., Hashable]`` support to ``.trionics.maybe_open_context()``
 Gives users finer grained control over cache hit behaviour using
 a callable which receives the input ``kwargs: dict``.
--- a/nooz/337.feature.rst
+++ b/nooz/337.feature.rst
@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
 Add support for debug-lock blocking using a ``._debug.Lock._blocked:
 set[tuple]`` and add ids when no-more IPC connections with the
 root actor are detected.
 This is an enhancement which (mostly) solves a lingering debugger
 locking race case we needed to handle:
 - child crashes acquires TTY lock in root and attaches to ``pdb``
 - child IPC goes down such that all channels to the root are broken
  / non-functional.
 - root is stuck thinking the child is still in debug even though it
  can't be contacted and the child actor machinery hasn't been
  cancelled by its parent.
 - root get's stuck in deadlock with child since it won't send a cancel
  request until the child is finished debugging (to avoid clobbering
  a child that is actually using the debugger), but the child can't
  unlock the debugger bc IPC is down and it can't contact the root.
 To avoid this scenario add debug lock blocking list via
 `._debug.Lock._blocked: set[tuple]` which holds actor uids for any actor
 that is detected by the root as having no transport channel connections
 (of which at least one should exist if this sub-actor at some point
 acquired the debug lock). The root consequently checks this list for any
 actor that tries to (re)acquire the lock and blocks with
 a ``ContextCancelled``. Further, when a debug condition is tested in
 ``._runtime._invoke``, the context's ``._enter_debugger_on_cancel`` is
 set to `False` if the actor was put on the block list then all
 post-mortem / crash handling will be bypassed for that task.
 In theory this approach to block list management may cause problems
 where some nested child actor acquires and releases the lock multiple
 times and it gets stuck on the block list after the first use? If this
 turns out to be an issue we can try changing the strat so blocks are
 only added when the root has zero IPC peers left?
 Further, this adds a root-locking-task side cancel scope,
 ``Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug``, which can be ``.cancel()``-ed by the root
 runtime when a stale lock is detected during the IPC channel testing.
 However, right now we're NOT using this since it seems to cause test
 failures likely due to causing pre-mature cancellation and maybe needs
 a bit more experimenting?
--- a/nooz/343.trivial.rst
+++ b/nooz/343.trivial.rst
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
 Rework our ``.trionics.BroadcastReceiver`` internals to avoid method
 recursion and approach a design and interface closer to ``trio``'s
 ``MemoryReceiveChannel``.
 The details of the internal changes include:
 - implementing a ``BroadcastReceiver.receive_nowait()`` and using it
  within the async ``.receive()`` thus avoiding recursion from
  ``.receive()``.
 - failing over to an internal ``._receive_from_underlying()`` when the
  ``_nowait()`` call raises ``trio.WouldBlock``
 - adding ``BroadcastState.statistics()`` for debugging and testing both
  internals and by users.
 - add an internal ``BroadcastReceiver._raise_on_lag: bool`` which can be
  set to avoid ``Lagged`` raising for possible use cases where a user
  wants to choose between a [cheap or nasty
  pattern](https://zguide.zeromq.org/docs/chapter7/#The-Cheap-or-Nasty-Pattern)
  the the particular stream (we use this in ``piker``'s dark clearing
  engine to avoid fast feeds breaking during HFT periods).
--- a/nooz/344.bugfix.rst
+++ b/nooz/344.bugfix.rst
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
 Always ``list``-cast the ``mngrs`` input to
 ``.trionics.gather_contexts()`` and ensure its size otherwise raise
 a ``ValueError``.
 Turns out that trying to pass an inline-style generator comprehension
 doesn't seem to work inside the ``async with`` expression? Further, in
 such a case we can get a hang waiting on the all-entered event
 completion when the internal mngrs iteration is a noop. Instead we
 always greedily check a size and error on empty input; the lazy
 iteration of a generator input is not beneficial anyway since we're
 entering all manager instances in concurrent tasks.
--- a/nooz/346.bugfix.rst
+++ b/nooz/346.bugfix.rst
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 Fixes to ensure IPC (channel) breakage doesn't result in hung actor
 trees; the zombie reaping and general supervision machinery will always
 clean up and terminate.
 This includes not only the (mostly minor) fixes to solve these cases but
 also a new extensive test suite in `test_advanced_faults.py` with an
 accompanying highly configurable example module-script in
 `examples/advanced_faults/ipc_failure_during_stream.py`. Tests ensure we
 never get hang or zombies despite operating in debug mode and attempt to
 simulate all possible IPC transport failure cases for a local-host actor
 tree.
 Further we simplify `Context.open_stream.__aexit__()` to just call
 `MsgStream.aclose()` directly more or less avoiding a pure duplicate
 code path.
--- a/nooz/349.trivial.rst
+++ b/nooz/349.trivial.rst
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
 Always redraw the `pdbpp` prompt on `SIGINT` during REPL use.
 There was recent changes todo with Python 3.10 that required us to pin
 to a specific commit in `pdbpp` which have recently been fixed minus
 this last issue with `SIGINT` shielding: not clobbering or not
 showing the `(Pdb++)` prompt on ctlr-c by the user. This repairs all
 that by firstly removing the standard KBI intercepting of the std lib's
 `pdb.Pdb._cmdloop()` as well as ensuring that only the actor with REPL
 control ever reports `SIGINT` handler log msgs and prompt redraws. With
 this we move back to using pypi `pdbpp` release.
--- a/nooz/356.trivial.rst
+++ b/nooz/356.trivial.rst
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
 Drop `trio.Process.aclose()` usage, copy into our spawning code.
 The details are laid out in https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/330.
 `trio` changed is process running quite some time ago, this just copies
 out the small bit we needed (from the old `.aclose()`) for hard kills
 where a soft runtime cancel request fails and our "zombie killer"
 implementation kicks in.
--- a/nooz/358.feature.rst
+++ b/nooz/358.feature.rst
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 Switch to using the fork & fix of `pdb++`, `pdbp`:
 https://github.com/mdmintz/pdbp
 Allows us to sidestep a variety of issues that aren't being maintained
 in the upstream project thanks to the hard work of @mdmintz!
 We also include some default settings adjustments as per recent
 development on the fork:
 - sticky mode is still turned on by default but now activates when
  a using the `ll` repl command.
 - turn off line truncation by default to avoid inter-line gaps when
  resizing the terimnal during use.
 - when using the backtrace cmd either by `w` or `bt`, the config
  automatically switches to non-sticky mode.
--- a/nooz/HOWTO.rst
+++ b/nooz/HOWTO.rst
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
 See both the `towncrier docs`_ and the `pluggy release readme`_ for hot
 tips. We basically have the most minimal setup and release process right
 now and use the default `fragment set`_.
 .. _towncrier docs: https://github.com/twisted/towncrier#quick-start
 .. _pluggy release readme: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pluggy/blob/main/changelog/README.rst
 .. _fragment set: https://github.com/twisted/towncrier#news-fragments
--- a/nooz/_template.rst
+++ b/nooz/_template.rst
@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
 {% for section in sections %}
 {% set underline = "-" %}
 {% if section %}
 {{section}}
 {{ underline * section|length }}{% set underline = "~" %}
 {% endif %}
 {% if sections[section] %}
 {% for category, val in definitions.items() if category in sections[section] %}
 {{ definitions[category]['name'] }}
 {{ underline * definitions[category]['name']|length }}
 {% if definitions[category]['showcontent'] %}
 {% for text, values in sections[section][category]|dictsort(by='value') %}
 {% set issue_joiner = joiner(', ') %}
 - {% for value in values|sort %}{{ issue_joiner() }}`{{ value }} <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/{{ value[1:] }}>`_{% endfor %}: {{ text }}
 {% endfor %}
 {% else %}
 - {{ sections[section][category]['']|sort|join(', ') }}
 {% endif %}
 {% if sections[section][category]|length == 0 %}
 No significant changes.
 {% else %}
 {% endif %}
 {% endfor %}
 {% else %}
 No significant changes.
 {% endif %}
 {% endfor %}
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
 [tool.towncrier]
 package = "tractor"
 filename = "NEWS.rst"
 directory = "nooz/"
 version = "0.1.0a6"
 title_format = "tractor {version} ({project_date})"
 template = "nooz/_template.rst"
 all_bullets = true
  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
  directory = "feature"
  name = "Features"
  showcontent = true
  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
  directory = "bugfix"
  name = "Bug Fixes"
  showcontent = true
  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
  directory = "doc"
  name = "Improved Documentation"
  showcontent = true
  [[tool.towncrier.type]]
  directory = "trivial"
  name = "Trivial/Internal Changes"
  showcontent = true
--- a/requirements-docs.txt
+++ b/requirements-docs.txt
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
 sphinx
 sphinx_book_theme
--- a/requirements-test.txt
+++ b/requirements-test.txt
@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 pytest
 pytest-trio
-pytest-timeout
+pdbpp
 pdbp
 mypy
 trio_typing
 pexpect
 towncrier
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@ -1,97 +1,62 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 #
-# tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
+# tractor: a trionic actor model built on `multiprocessing` and `trio`
 #
-# Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
+# Copyright (C) 2018  Tyler Goodlet
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 from setuptools import setup
-with open('docs/README.rst', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+with open('README.rst', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    readme = f.read()
 setup(
    name="tractor",
-    version='0.1.0a6dev0',  # alpha zone
+    version='0.1.0.alpha0',
-    description='structured concurrrent `trio`-"actors"',
+    description='A trionic actor model built on `multiprocessing` and `trio`',
    long_description=readme,
-    license='AGPLv3',
+    license='GPLv3',
    author='Tyler Goodlet',
    maintainer='Tyler Goodlet',
-    maintainer_email='goodboy_foss@protonmail.com',
+    maintainer_email='jgbt@protonmail.com',
    url='https://github.com/goodboy/tractor',
    platforms=['linux', 'windows'],
    packages=[
        'tractor',
-        'tractor.experimental',
+        'tractor.testing',
        'tractor.trionics',
    ],
    install_requires=[
-
+        'msgpack', 'trio>0.8', 'async_generator', 'colorlog', 'wrapt',
-        # trio related
+        'trio_typing', 'trio-run-in-process',
        # proper range spec:
        # https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/discussions/install-requires-vs-requirements/#id5
        'trio >= 0.22',
        'async_generator',
        'trio_typing',
        'exceptiongroup',
        # tooling
        'tricycle',
        'trio_typing',
        'colorlog',
        'wrapt',
        # IPC serialization
        'msgspec',
        # debug mode REPL
        'pdbp',
        # pip ref docs on these specs:
        # https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/requirement-specifiers/#examples
        # and pep:
        # https://peps.python.org/pep-0440/#version-specifiers
        # windows deps workaround for ``pdbpp``
        # https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp/issues/498
        # https://github.com/pdbpp/fancycompleter/issues/37
        'pyreadline3 ; platform_system == "Windows"',
    ],
    tests_require=['pytest'],
-    python_requires=">=3.10",
+    python_requires=">=3.7",
    keywords=[
-        'trio',
+        "async", "concurrency", "actor model", "distributed",
-        'async',
+        'trio', 'multiprocessing'
        'concurrency',
        'structured concurrency',
        'actor model',
        'distributed',
        'multiprocessing'
    ],
    classifiers=[
-        "Development Status :: 3 - Alpha",
+        'Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
-        "Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux",
+        'License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)'
-        "Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows",
+        'Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux',
        "Framework :: Trio",
        "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Affero General Public License v3 or later (AGPLv3+)",
        "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
        "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy",
        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
        "Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
        "Intended Audience :: Developers",
        "Topic :: System :: Distributed Computing",
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@ -1,151 +1,40 @@
 """
 ``tractor`` testing!!
 """
 import sys
 import subprocess
 import os
 import random
 import signal
 import platform
 import pathlib
 import time
 import inspect
 from functools import partial, wraps
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 from tractor.testing import tractor_test
 pytest_plugins = ['pytester']
 def tractor_test(fn):
    """
    Use:
    @tractor_test
    async def test_whatever():
        await ...
    If fixtures:
        - ``arb_addr`` (a socket addr tuple where arbiter is listening)
        - ``loglevel`` (logging level passed to tractor internals)
        - ``start_method`` (subprocess spawning backend)
    are defined in the `pytest` fixture space they will be automatically
    injected to tests declaring these funcargs.
    """
    @wraps(fn)
    def wrapper(
        *args,
        loglevel=None,
        arb_addr=None,
        start_method=None,
        **kwargs
    ):
        # __tracebackhide__ = True
        if 'arb_addr' in inspect.signature(fn).parameters:
            # injects test suite fixture value to test as well
            # as `run()`
            kwargs['arb_addr'] = arb_addr
        if 'loglevel' in inspect.signature(fn).parameters:
            # allows test suites to define a 'loglevel' fixture
            # that activates the internal logging
            kwargs['loglevel'] = loglevel
        if start_method is None:
            if platform.system() == "Windows":
                start_method = 'trio'
        if 'start_method' in inspect.signature(fn).parameters:
            # set of subprocess spawning backends
            kwargs['start_method'] = start_method
        if kwargs:
            # use explicit root actor start
            async def _main():
                async with tractor.open_root_actor(
                    # **kwargs,
                    arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
                    loglevel=loglevel,
                    start_method=start_method,
                    # TODO: only enable when pytest is passed --pdb
                    # debug_mode=True,
                ):
                    await fn(*args, **kwargs)
            main = _main
        else:
            # use implicit root actor start
            main = partial(fn, *args, **kwargs)
        return trio.run(main)
    return wrapper
 _arb_addr = '127.0.0.1', random.randint(1000, 9999)
 # Sending signal.SIGINT on subprocess fails on windows. Use CTRL_* alternatives
 if platform.system() == 'Windows':
    _KILL_SIGNAL = signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT
    _INT_SIGNAL = signal.CTRL_C_EVENT
    _INT_RETURN_CODE = 3221225786
    _PROC_SPAWN_WAIT = 2
 else:
    _KILL_SIGNAL = signal.SIGKILL
    _INT_SIGNAL = signal.SIGINT
    _INT_RETURN_CODE = 1 if sys.version_info < (3, 8) else -signal.SIGINT.value
    _PROC_SPAWN_WAIT = 0.6 if sys.version_info < (3, 7) else 0.4
 no_windows = pytest.mark.skipif(
    platform.system() == "Windows",
    reason="Test is unsupported on windows",
 )
 def repodir() -> pathlib.Path:
    '''
    Return the abspath to the repo directory.
    '''
    # 2 parents up to step up through tests/<repo_dir>
    return pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.parent.absolute()
 def examples_dir() -> pathlib.Path:
    '''
    Return the abspath to the examples directory as `pathlib.Path`.
    '''
    return repodir() / 'examples'
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
    parser.addoption(
        "--ll", action="store", dest='loglevel',
-        default='ERROR', help="logging level to set when testing"
+        default=None, help="logging level to set when testing"
    )
    parser.addoption(
        "--spawn-backend", action="store", dest='spawn_backend',
-        default='trio',
+        default='trio_run_in_process',
        help="Processing spawning backend to use for test run",
    )
 def pytest_configure(config):
    backend = config.option.spawn_backend
    if platform.system() == "Windows":
        backend = 'mp'
    if backend == 'mp':
        tractor._spawn.try_set_start_method('spawn')
    elif backend == 'trio_run_in_process':
        tractor._spawn.try_set_start_method(backend)
@ -153,26 +42,10 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
 def loglevel(request):
    orig = tractor.log._default_loglevel
    level = tractor.log._default_loglevel = request.config.option.loglevel
    tractor.log.get_console_log(level)
    yield level
    tractor.log._default_loglevel = orig
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
 def spawn_backend(request) -> str:
    return request.config.option.spawn_backend
 _ci_env: bool = os.environ.get('CI', False)
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
 def ci_env() -> bool:
    """Detect CI envoirment.
    """
    return _ci_env
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
 def arb_addr():
    return _arb_addr
@ -180,71 +53,25 @@ def arb_addr():
 def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
    spawn_backend = metafunc.config.option.spawn_backend
    if not spawn_backend:
        # XXX some weird windows bug with `pytest`?
-        spawn_backend = 'trio'
+        spawn_backend = 'mp'
    assert spawn_backend in ('mp', 'trio_run_in_process')
    # TODO: maybe just use the literal `._spawn.SpawnMethodKey`?
    assert spawn_backend in (
        'mp_spawn',
        'mp_forkserver',
        'trio',
    )
    # NOTE: used to be used to dyanmically parametrize tests for when
    # you just passed --spawn-backend=`mp` on the cli, but now we expect
    # that cli input to be manually specified, BUT, maybe we'll do
    # something like this again in the future?
    if 'start_method' in metafunc.fixturenames:
-        metafunc.parametrize("start_method", [spawn_backend], scope='module')
+        if spawn_backend == 'mp':
            from multiprocessing import get_all_start_methods
            methods = get_all_start_methods()
            if 'fork' in methods:
                # fork not available on windows, so check before
                # removing XXX: the fork method is in general
                # incompatible with trio's global scheduler state
                methods.remove('fork')
        elif spawn_backend == 'trio_run_in_process':
            if platform.system() == "Windows":
                pytest.fail(
                    "Only `--spawn-backend=mp` is supported on Windows")
            methods = ['trio_run_in_process']
-def sig_prog(proc, sig):
+        metafunc.parametrize("start_method", methods, scope='module')
    "Kill the actor-process with ``sig``."
    proc.send_signal(sig)
    time.sleep(0.1)
    if not proc.poll():
        # TODO: why sometimes does SIGINT not work on teardown?
        # seems to happen only when trace logging enabled?
        proc.send_signal(_KILL_SIGNAL)
    ret = proc.wait()
    assert ret
@pytest.fixture
 def daemon(
    loglevel: str,
    testdir,
    arb_addr: tuple[str, int],
 ):
    '''
    Run a daemon actor as a "remote arbiter".
    '''
    if loglevel in ('trace', 'debug'):
        # too much logging will lock up the subproc (smh)
        loglevel = 'info'
    cmdargs = [
        sys.executable, '-c',
        "import tractor; tractor.run_daemon([], registry_addr={}, loglevel={})"
        .format(
            arb_addr,
            "'{}'".format(loglevel) if loglevel else None)
    ]
    kwargs = dict()
    if platform.system() == 'Windows':
        # without this, tests hang on windows forever
        kwargs['creationflags'] = subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
    proc = testdir.popen(
        cmdargs,
        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
        **kwargs,
    )
    assert not proc.returncode
    time.sleep(_PROC_SPAWN_WAIT)
    yield proc
    sig_prog(proc, _INT_SIGNAL)
--- a/tests/test_2way.py
+++ b/tests/test_2way.py
@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
 """
 Bidirectional streaming.
 """
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
@tractor.context
 async def simple_rpc(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    data: int,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Test a small ping-pong server.
    '''
    # signal to parent that we're up
    await ctx.started(data + 1)
    print('opening stream in callee')
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        count = 0
        while True:
            try:
                await stream.receive() == 'ping'
            except trio.EndOfChannel:
                assert count == 10
                break
            else:
                print('pong')
                await stream.send('pong')
                count += 1
@tractor.context
 async def simple_rpc_with_forloop(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    data: int,
 ) -> None:
    """Same as previous test but using ``async for`` syntax/api.
    """
    # signal to parent that we're up
    await ctx.started(data + 1)
    print('opening stream in callee')
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        count = 0
        async for msg in stream:
            assert msg == 'ping'
            print('pong')
            await stream.send('pong')
            count += 1
        else:
            assert count == 10
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'use_async_for',
    [True, False],
 )
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'server_func',
    [simple_rpc, simple_rpc_with_forloop],
 )
 def test_simple_rpc(server_func, use_async_for):
    '''
    The simplest request response pattern.
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'rpc_server',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with portal.open_context(
                server_func,  # taken from pytest parameterization
                data=10,
            ) as (ctx, sent):
                assert sent == 11
                async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                    if use_async_for:
                        count = 0
                        # receive msgs using async for style
                        print('ping')
                        await stream.send('ping')
                        async for msg in stream:
                            assert msg == 'pong'
                            print('ping')
                            await stream.send('ping')
                            count += 1
                            if count >= 9:
                                break
                    else:
                        # classic send/receive style
                        for _ in range(10):
                            print('ping')
                            await stream.send('ping')
                            assert await stream.receive() == 'pong'
                # stream should terminate here
            # final context result(s) should be consumed here in __aexit__()
            await portal.cancel_actor()
    trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_advanced_faults.py
+++ b/tests/test_advanced_faults.py
@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Sketchy network blackoutz, ugly byzantine gens, puedes eschuchar la
 cancelacion?..
 '''
 from functools import partial
 import pytest
 from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 import trio
 import tractor
 from conftest import (
    examples_dir,
 )
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'debug_mode',
    [False, True],
    ids=['no_debug_mode', 'debug_mode'],
 )
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'ipc_break',
    [
        # no breaks
        {
            'break_parent_ipc_after': False,
            'break_child_ipc_after': False,
        },
        # only parent breaks
        {
            'break_parent_ipc_after': 500,
            'break_child_ipc_after': False,
        },
        # only child breaks
        {
            'break_parent_ipc_after': False,
            'break_child_ipc_after': 500,
        },
        # both: break parent first
        {
            'break_parent_ipc_after': 500,
            'break_child_ipc_after': 800,
        },
        # both: break child first
        {
            'break_parent_ipc_after': 800,
            'break_child_ipc_after': 500,
        },
    ],
    ids=[
        'no_break',
        'break_parent',
        'break_child',
        'break_both_parent_first',
        'break_both_child_first',
    ],
 )
 def test_ipc_channel_break_during_stream(
    debug_mode: bool,
    spawn_backend: str,
    ipc_break: dict | None,
 ):
    '''
    Ensure we can have an IPC channel break its connection during
    streaming and it's still possible for the (simulated) user to kill
    the actor tree using SIGINT.
    We also verify the type of connection error expected in the parent
    depending on which side if the IPC breaks first.
    '''
    if spawn_backend != 'trio':
        if debug_mode:
            pytest.skip('`debug_mode` only supported on `trio` spawner')
        # non-`trio` spawners should never hit the hang condition that
        # requires the user to do ctl-c to cancel the actor tree.
        expect_final_exc = trio.ClosedResourceError
    mod = import_path(
        examples_dir() / 'advanced_faults' / 'ipc_failure_during_stream.py',
        root=examples_dir(),
    )
    expect_final_exc = KeyboardInterrupt
    # when ONLY the child breaks we expect the parent to get a closed
    # resource error on the next `MsgStream.receive()` and then fail out
    # and cancel the child from there.
    if (
        # only child breaks
        (
            ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after']
            and ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after'] is False
        )
        # both break but, parent breaks first
        or (
            ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after'] is not False
            and (
                ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after']
                > ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after']
            )
        )
    ):
        expect_final_exc = trio.ClosedResourceError
    # when the parent IPC side dies (even if the child's does as well
    # but the child fails BEFORE the parent) we expect the channel to be
    # sent a stop msg from the child at some point which will signal the
    # parent that the stream has been terminated.
    # NOTE: when the parent breaks "after" the child you get this same
    # case as well, the child breaks the IPC channel with a stop msg
    # before any closure takes place.
    elif (
        # only parent breaks
        (
            ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after']
            and ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after'] is False
        )
        # both break but, child breaks first
        or (
            ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after'] is not False
            and (
                ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after']
                > ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after']
            )
        )
    ):
        expect_final_exc = trio.EndOfChannel
    with pytest.raises(expect_final_exc):
        trio.run(
            partial(
                mod.main,
                debug_mode=debug_mode,
                start_method=spawn_backend,
                **ipc_break,
            )
        )
@tractor.context
 async def break_ipc_after_started(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        await stream.aclose()
        await trio.sleep(0.2)
        await ctx.chan.send(None)
        print('child broke IPC and terminating')
 def test_stream_closed_right_after_ipc_break_and_zombie_lord_engages():
    '''
    Verify that is a subactor's IPC goes down just after bringing up a stream
    the parent can trigger a SIGINT and the child will be reaped out-of-IPC by
    the localhost process supervision machinery: aka "zombie lord".
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'ipc_breaker',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            with trio.move_on_after(1):
                async with (
                    portal.open_context(
                        break_ipc_after_started
                    ) as (ctx, sent),
                ):
                    async with ctx.open_stream():
                        await trio.sleep(0.5)
                    print('parent waiting on context')
            print('parent exited context')
            raise KeyboardInterrupt
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_advanced_streaming.py
+++ b/tests/test_advanced_streaming.py
@ -1,380 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Advanced streaming patterns using bidirectional streams and contexts.
 '''
 from collections import Counter
 import itertools
 import platform
 import trio
 import tractor
 def is_win():
    return platform.system() == 'Windows'
 _registry: dict[str, set[tractor.MsgStream]] = {
    'even': set(),
    'odd': set(),
 }
 async def publisher(
    seed: int = 0,
 ) -> None:
    global _registry
    def is_even(i):
        return i % 2 == 0
    for val in itertools.count(seed):
        sub = 'even' if is_even(val) else 'odd'
        for sub_stream in _registry[sub].copy():
            await sub_stream.send(val)
        # throttle send rate to ~1kHz
        # making it readable to a human user
        await trio.sleep(1/1000)
@tractor.context
 async def subscribe(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    global _registry
    # syn caller
    await ctx.started(None)
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        # update subs list as consumer requests
        async for new_subs in stream:
            new_subs = set(new_subs)
            remove = new_subs - _registry.keys()
            print(f'setting sub to {new_subs} for {ctx.chan.uid}')
            # remove old subs
            for sub in remove:
                _registry[sub].remove(stream)
            # add new subs for consumer
            for sub in new_subs:
                _registry[sub].add(stream)
 async def consumer(
    subs: list[str],
 ) -> None:
    uid = tractor.current_actor().uid
    async with tractor.wait_for_actor('publisher') as portal:
        async with portal.open_context(subscribe) as (ctx, first):
            async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                # flip between the provided subs dynamically
                if len(subs) > 1:
                    for sub in itertools.cycle(subs):
                        print(f'setting dynamic sub to {sub}')
                        await stream.send([sub])
                        count = 0
                        async for value in stream:
                            print(f'{uid} got: {value}')
                            if count > 5:
                                break
                            count += 1
                else:  # static sub
                    await stream.send(subs)
                    async for value in stream:
                        print(f'{uid} got: {value}')
 def test_dynamic_pub_sub():
    global _registry
    from multiprocessing import cpu_count
    cpus = cpu_count()
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            # name of this actor will be same as target func
            await n.run_in_actor(publisher)
            for i, sub in zip(
                range(cpus - 2),
                itertools.cycle(_registry.keys())
            ):
                await n.run_in_actor(
                    consumer,
                    name=f'consumer_{sub}',
                    subs=[sub],
                )
            # make one dynamic subscriber
            await n.run_in_actor(
                consumer,
                name='consumer_dynamic',
                subs=list(_registry.keys()),
            )
            # block until cancelled by user
            with trio.fail_after(3):
                await trio.sleep_forever()
    try:
        trio.run(main)
    except trio.TooSlowError:
        pass
@tractor.context
 async def one_task_streams_and_one_handles_reqresp(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        async def pingpong():
            '''Run a simple req/response service.
            '''
            async for msg in stream:
                print('rpc server ping')
                assert msg == 'ping'
                print('rpc server pong')
                await stream.send('pong')
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            n.start_soon(pingpong)
            for _ in itertools.count():
                await stream.send('yo')
                await trio.sleep(0.01)
 def test_reqresp_ontopof_streaming():
    '''
    Test a subactor that both streams with one task and
    spawns another which handles a small requests-response
    dialogue over the same bidir-stream.
    '''
    async def main():
        # flat to make sure we get at least one pong
        got_pong: bool = False
        timeout: int = 2
        if is_win():  # smh
            timeout = 4
        with trio.move_on_after(timeout):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                # name of this actor will be same as target func
                portal = await n.start_actor(
                    'dual_tasks',
                    enable_modules=[__name__]
                )
                async with portal.open_context(
                    one_task_streams_and_one_handles_reqresp,
                ) as (ctx, first):
                    assert first is None
                    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                        await stream.send('ping')
                        async for msg in stream:
                            print(f'client received: {msg}')
                            assert msg in {'pong', 'yo'}
                            if msg == 'pong':
                                got_pong = True
                                await stream.send('ping')
                                print('client sent ping')
        assert got_pong
    try:
        trio.run(main)
    except trio.TooSlowError:
        pass
 async def async_gen_stream(sequence):
    for i in sequence:
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
@tractor.context
 async def echo_ctx_stream(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        async for msg in stream:
            await stream.send(msg)
 def test_sigint_both_stream_types():
    '''Verify that running a bi-directional and recv only stream
    side-by-side will cancel correctly from SIGINT.
    '''
    timeout: float = 2
    if is_win():  # smh
        timeout += 1
    async def main():
        with trio.fail_after(timeout):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                # name of this actor will be same as target func
                portal = await n.start_actor(
                    '2_way',
                    enable_modules=[__name__]
                )
                async with portal.open_context(echo_ctx_stream) as (ctx, _):
                    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                        async with portal.open_stream_from(
                            async_gen_stream,
                            sequence=list(range(1)),
                        ) as gen_stream:
                            msg = await gen_stream.receive()
                            await stream.send(msg)
                            resp = await stream.receive()
                            assert resp == msg
                            raise KeyboardInterrupt
    try:
        trio.run(main)
        assert 0, "Didn't receive KBI!?"
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
@tractor.context
 async def inf_streamer(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Stream increasing ints until terminated with a 'done' msg.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    async with (
        ctx.open_stream() as stream,
        trio.open_nursery() as n,
    ):
        async def bail_on_sentinel():
            async for msg in stream:
                if msg == 'done':
                    await stream.aclose()
                else:
                    print(f'streamer received {msg}')
        # start termination detector
        n.start_soon(bail_on_sentinel)
        for val in itertools.count():
            try:
                await stream.send(val)
            except trio.ClosedResourceError:
                # close out the stream gracefully
                break
    print('terminating streamer')
 def test_local_task_fanout_from_stream():
    '''
    Single stream with multiple local consumer tasks using the
    ``MsgStream.subscribe()` api.
    Ensure all tasks receive all values after stream completes sending.
    '''
    consumers = 22
    async def main():
        counts = Counter()
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
            p = await tn.start_actor(
                'inf_streamer',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with (
                p.open_context(inf_streamer) as (ctx, _),
                ctx.open_stream() as stream,
            ):
                async def pull_and_count(name: str):
                    # name = trio.lowlevel.current_task().name
                    async with stream.subscribe() as recver:
                        assert isinstance(
                            recver,
                            tractor.trionics.BroadcastReceiver
                        )
                        async for val in recver:
                            # print(f'{name}: {val}')
                            counts[name] += 1
                        print(f'{name} bcaster ended')
                    print(f'{name} completed')
                with trio.fail_after(3):
                    async with trio.open_nursery() as nurse:
                        for i in range(consumers):
                            nurse.start_soon(pull_and_count, i)
                        await trio.sleep(0.5)
                        print('\nterminating')
                        await stream.send('done')
            print('closed stream connection')
            assert len(counts) == consumers
            mx = max(counts.values())
            # make sure each task received all stream values
            assert all(val == mx for val in counts.values())
            await p.cancel_actor()
    trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_cancellation.py
+++ b/tests/test_cancellation.py
@ -1,26 +1,14 @@
 """
 Cancellation and error propagation
 """
 import os
 import signal
 import platform
 import time
 from itertools import repeat
 from exceptiongroup import (
    BaseExceptionGroup,
    ExceptionGroup,
 )
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
-from conftest import tractor_test, no_windows
+from conftest import tractor_test
 def is_win():
    return platform.system() == 'Windows'
 async def assert_err(delay=0):
@ -29,7 +17,7 @@ async def assert_err(delay=0):
 async def sleep_forever():
-    await trio.sleep_forever()
+    await trio.sleep(float('inf'))
 async def do_nuthin():
@ -56,60 +44,34 @@ def test_remote_error(arb_addr, args_err):
    args, errtype = args_err
    async def main():
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ) as nursery:
-            # on a remote type error caused by bad input args
+            portal = await nursery.run_in_actor('errorer', assert_err, **args)
            # this should raise directly which means we **don't** get
            # an exception group outside the nursery since the error
            # here and the far end task error are one in the same?
            portal = await nursery.run_in_actor(
                assert_err, name='errorer', **args
            )
            # get result(s) from main task
            try:
                # this means the root actor will also raise a local
                # parent task error and thus an eg will propagate out
                # of this actor nursery.
                await portal.result()
            except tractor.RemoteActorError as err:
                assert err.type == errtype
                print("Look Maa that actor failed hard, hehh")
                raise
    # ensure boxed errors
    if args:
    with pytest.raises(tractor.RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
-            trio.run(main)
+        tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
    # ensure boxed error is correct
    assert excinfo.value.type == errtype
    else:
        # the root task will also error on the `.result()` call
        # so we expect an error from there AND the child.
        with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
            trio.run(main)
        # ensure boxed errors
        for exc in excinfo.value.exceptions:
            assert exc.type == errtype
 def test_multierror(arb_addr):
-    '''
+    """Verify we raise a ``trio.MultiError`` out of a nursery where
    Verify we raise a ``BaseExceptionGroup`` out of a nursery where
    more then one actor errors.
-
+    """
    '''
    async def main():
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ) as nursery:
-            await nursery.run_in_actor(assert_err, name='errorer1')
+            await nursery.run_in_actor('errorer1', assert_err)
-            portal2 = await nursery.run_in_actor(assert_err, name='errorer2')
+            portal2 = await nursery.run_in_actor('errorer2', assert_err)
            # get result(s) from main task
            try:
@ -119,11 +81,11 @@ def test_multierror(arb_addr):
                print("Look Maa that first actor failed hard, hehh")
                raise
-        # here we should get a ``BaseExceptionGroup`` containing exceptions
+        # here we should get a `trio.MultiError` containing exceptions
        # from both subactors
-    with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup):
+    with pytest.raises(trio.MultiError):
-        trio.run(main)
+        tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('delay', (0, 0.5))
@ -131,77 +93,49 @@ def test_multierror(arb_addr):
    'num_subactors', range(25, 26),
 )
 def test_multierror_fast_nursery(arb_addr, start_method, num_subactors, delay):
-    """Verify we raise a ``BaseExceptionGroup`` out of a nursery where
+    """Verify we raise a ``trio.MultiError`` out of a nursery where
    more then one actor errors and also with a delay before failure
    to test failure during an ongoing spawning.
    """
    async def main():
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ) as nursery:
            for i in range(num_subactors):
                await nursery.run_in_actor(
-                    assert_err,
+                    f'errorer{i}', assert_err, delay=delay)
                    name=f'errorer{i}',
                    delay=delay
                )
-    # with pytest.raises(trio.MultiError) as exc_info:
+    with pytest.raises(trio.MultiError) as exc_info:
-    with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup) as exc_info:
+        tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
        trio.run(main)
-    assert exc_info.type == ExceptionGroup
+    assert exc_info.type == tractor.MultiError
    err = exc_info.value
-    exceptions = err.exceptions
+    assert len(err.exceptions) == num_subactors
-
+    for exc in err.exceptions:
    if len(exceptions) == 2:
        # sometimes oddly now there's an embedded BrokenResourceError ?
        for exc in exceptions:
            excs = getattr(exc, 'exceptions', None)
            if excs:
                exceptions = excs
                break
    assert len(exceptions) == num_subactors
    for exc in exceptions:
        assert isinstance(exc, tractor.RemoteActorError)
        assert exc.type == AssertionError
-async def do_nothing():
+def do_nothing():
    pass
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('mechanism', ['nursery_cancel', KeyboardInterrupt])
+def test_cancel_single_subactor(arb_addr):
 def test_cancel_single_subactor(arb_addr, mechanism):
    """Ensure a ``ActorNursery.start_actor()`` spawned subactor
    cancels when the nursery is cancelled.
    """
    async def spawn_actor():
        """Spawn an actor that blocks indefinitely.
        """
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ) as nursery:
            portal = await nursery.start_actor(
-                'nothin', enable_modules=[__name__],
+                'nothin', rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
            )
-            assert (await portal.run(do_nothing)) is None
+            assert (await portal.run(__name__, 'do_nothing')) is None
            if mechanism == 'nursery_cancel':
            # would hang otherwise
            await nursery.cancel()
            else:
                raise mechanism
-    if mechanism == 'nursery_cancel':
+    tractor.run(spawn_actor, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
        trio.run(spawn_actor)
    else:
        with pytest.raises(mechanism):
            trio.run(spawn_actor)
 async def stream_forever():
@ -219,14 +153,13 @@ async def test_cancel_infinite_streamer(start_method):
    with trio.move_on_after(1) as cancel_scope:
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
-                'donny',
+                f'donny',
-                enable_modules=[__name__],
+                rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
            )
            # this async for loop streams values from the above
            # async generator running in a separate process
-            async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_forever) as stream:
+            async for letter in await portal.run(__name__, 'stream_forever'):
                async for letter in stream:
                print(letter)
    # we support trio's cancellation system
@ -239,8 +172,8 @@ async def test_cancel_infinite_streamer(start_method):
    [
        # daemon actors sit idle while single task actors error out
        (1, tractor.RemoteActorError, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
-        (2, BaseExceptionGroup, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
+        (2, tractor.MultiError, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
-        (3, BaseExceptionGroup, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
+        (3, tractor.MultiError, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
        # 1 daemon actor errors out while single task actors sleep forever
        (3, tractor.RemoteActorError, AssertionError, (sleep_forever, {}),
@ -251,7 +184,7 @@ async def test_cancel_infinite_streamer(start_method):
         (do_nuthin, {}), (assert_err, {'delay': 1}, True)),
        # daemon complete quickly delay while single task
        # actors error after brief delay
-        (3, BaseExceptionGroup, AssertionError,
+        (3, tractor.MultiError, AssertionError,
         (assert_err, {'delay': 1}), (do_nuthin, {}, False)),
    ],
    ids=[
@ -264,7 +197,7 @@ async def test_cancel_infinite_streamer(start_method):
    ],
 )
@tractor_test
-async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method, loglevel):
+async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method):
    """Verify a subset of failed subactors causes all others in
    the nursery to be cancelled just like the strategy in trio.
@ -279,7 +212,7 @@ async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method, loglevel):
            for i in range(num_actors):
                dactor_portals.append(await n.start_actor(
                    f'deamon_{i}',
-                    enable_modules=[__name__],
+                    rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
                ))
            func, kwargs = ria_func
@ -287,12 +220,7 @@ async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method, loglevel):
            for i in range(num_actors):
                # start actor(s) that will fail immediately
                riactor_portals.append(
-                    await n.run_in_actor(
+                    await n.run_in_actor(f'actor_{i}', func, **kwargs))
                        func,
                        name=f'actor_{i}',
                        **kwargs
                    )
                )
            if da_func:
                func, kwargs, expect_error = da_func
@ -300,8 +228,7 @@ async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method, loglevel):
                    # if this function fails then we should error here
                    # and the nursery should teardown all other actors
                    try:
-                        await portal.run(func, **kwargs)
+                        await portal.run(__name__, func.__name__, **kwargs)
                    except tractor.RemoteActorError as err:
                        assert err.type == err_type
                        # we only expect this first error to propogate
@ -318,7 +245,7 @@ async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method, loglevel):
        # should error here with a ``RemoteActorError`` or ``MultiError``
    except first_err as err:
-        if isinstance(err, BaseExceptionGroup):
+        if isinstance(err, tractor.MultiError):
            assert len(err.exceptions) == num_actors
            for exc in err.exceptions:
                if isinstance(exc, tractor.RemoteActorError):
@ -338,36 +265,31 @@ async def spawn_and_error(breadth, depth) -> None:
    name = tractor.current_actor().name
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
        for i in range(breadth):
            if depth > 0:
                args = (
                    f'spawner_{i}_depth_{depth}',
                    spawn_and_error,
                )
                kwargs = {
                    'name': f'spawner_{i}_depth_{depth}',
                    'breadth': breadth,
                    'depth': depth - 1,
                }
            else:
                args = (
                    f'{name}_errorer_{i}',
                    assert_err,
                )
-                kwargs = {
+                kwargs = {}
                    'name': f'{name}_errorer_{i}',
                }
            await nursery.run_in_actor(*args, **kwargs)
@tractor_test
 async def test_nested_multierrors(loglevel, start_method):
-    '''
+    """Test that failed actor sets are wrapped in `trio.MultiError`s.
-    Test that failed actor sets are wrapped in `BaseExceptionGroup`s. This
+    This test goes only 2 nurseries deep but we should eventually have tests
    test goes only 2 nurseries deep but we should eventually have tests
    for arbitrary n-depth actor trees.
-
+    """
-    '''
+    if start_method == 'trio_run_in_process':
    if start_method == 'trio':
        depth = 3
        subactor_breadth = 2
    else:
@ -377,7 +299,7 @@ async def test_nested_multierrors(loglevel, start_method):
        # hangs and broken pipes all over the place...
        if start_method == 'forkserver':
            pytest.skip("Forksever sux hard at nested spawning...")
-        depth = 1  # means an additional actor tree of spawning (2 levels deep)
+        depth = 2
        subactor_breadth = 2
    with trio.fail_after(120):
@ -385,217 +307,23 @@ async def test_nested_multierrors(loglevel, start_method):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
                for i in range(subactor_breadth):
                    await nursery.run_in_actor(
                        f'spawner_{i}',
                        spawn_and_error,
                        name=f'spawner_{i}',
                        breadth=subactor_breadth,
                        depth=depth,
                    )
-        except BaseExceptionGroup as err:
+        except trio.MultiError as err:
            assert len(err.exceptions) == subactor_breadth
            for subexc in err.exceptions:
                # verify first level actor errors are wrapped as remote
                if is_win():
                    # windows is often too slow and cancellation seems
                    # to happen before an actor is spawned
                    if isinstance(subexc, trio.Cancelled):
                        continue
                    elif isinstance(subexc, tractor.RemoteActorError):
                        # on windows it seems we can't exactly be sure wtf
                        # will happen..
                        assert subexc.type in (
                            tractor.RemoteActorError,
                            trio.Cancelled,
                            BaseExceptionGroup,
                        )
                    elif isinstance(subexc, BaseExceptionGroup):
                        for subsub in subexc.exceptions:
                            if subsub in (tractor.RemoteActorError,):
                                subsub = subsub.type
                            assert type(subsub) in (
                                trio.Cancelled,
                                BaseExceptionGroup,
                            )
                else:
                assert isinstance(subexc, tractor.RemoteActorError)
                if depth > 1 and subactor_breadth > 1:
                if depth > 0 and subactor_breadth > 1:
                    # XXX not sure what's up with this..
-                    # on windows sometimes spawning is just too slow and
+                    if platform.system() == 'Windows':
-                    # we get back the (sent) cancel signal instead
+                        assert (subexc.type is trio.MultiError) or (
-                    if is_win():
+                            subexc.type is tractor.RemoteActorError)
                        if isinstance(subexc, tractor.RemoteActorError):
                            assert subexc.type in (
                                BaseExceptionGroup,
                                tractor.RemoteActorError
                            )
                    else:
-                            assert isinstance(subexc, BaseExceptionGroup)
+                        assert subexc.type is trio.MultiError
                else:
-                        assert subexc.type is ExceptionGroup
+                    assert (subexc.type is tractor.RemoteActorError) or (
-                else:
+                        subexc.type is trio.Cancelled)
                    assert subexc.type in (
                        tractor.RemoteActorError,
                        trio.Cancelled
                    )
@no_windows
 def test_cancel_via_SIGINT(
    loglevel,
    start_method,
    spawn_backend,
 ):
    """Ensure that a control-C (SIGINT) signal cancels both the parent and
    child processes in trionic fashion
    """
    pid = os.getpid()
    async def main():
        with trio.fail_after(2):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
                await tn.start_actor('sucka')
                if 'mp' in spawn_backend:
                    time.sleep(0.1)
                os.kill(pid, signal.SIGINT)
                await trio.sleep_forever()
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(main)
@no_windows
 def test_cancel_via_SIGINT_other_task(
    loglevel,
    start_method,
    spawn_backend,
 ):
    """Ensure that a control-C (SIGINT) signal cancels both the parent
    and child processes in trionic fashion even a subprocess is started
    from a seperate ``trio`` child  task.
    """
    pid = os.getpid()
    timeout: float = 2
    if is_win():  # smh
        timeout += 1
    async def spawn_and_sleep_forever(task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED):
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
            for i in range(3):
                await tn.run_in_actor(
                    sleep_forever,
                    name='namesucka',
                )
            task_status.started()
            await trio.sleep_forever()
    async def main():
        # should never timeout since SIGINT should cancel the current program
        with trio.fail_after(timeout):
            async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                await n.start(spawn_and_sleep_forever)
                if 'mp' in spawn_backend:
                    time.sleep(0.1)
                os.kill(pid, signal.SIGINT)
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(main)
 async def spin_for(period=3):
    "Sync sleep."
    time.sleep(period)
 async def spawn():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
        await tn.run_in_actor(
            spin_for,
            name='sleeper',
        )
@no_windows
 def test_cancel_while_childs_child_in_sync_sleep(
    loglevel,
    start_method,
    spawn_backend,
 ):
    """Verify that a child cancelled while executing sync code is torn
    down even when that cancellation is triggered by the parent
    2 nurseries "up".
    """
    if start_method == 'forkserver':
        pytest.skip("Forksever sux hard at resuming from sync sleep...")
    async def main():
        with trio.fail_after(2):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
                await tn.run_in_actor(
                    spawn,
                    name='spawn',
                )
                await trio.sleep(1)
                assert 0
    with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
        trio.run(main)
 def test_fast_graceful_cancel_when_spawn_task_in_soft_proc_wait_for_daemon(
    start_method,
 ):
    '''
    This is a very subtle test which demonstrates how cancellation
    during process collection can result in non-optimal teardown
    performance on daemon actors. The fix for this test was to handle
    ``trio.Cancelled`` specially in the spawn task waiting in
    `proc.wait()` such that ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` is called before
    executing the "hard reap" sequence (which has an up to 3 second
    delay currently).
    In other words, if we can cancel the actor using a graceful remote
    cancellation, and it's faster, we might as well do it.
    '''
    kbi_delay = 0.5
    timeout: float = 2.9
    if is_win():  # smh
        timeout += 1
    async def main():
        start = time.time()
        try:
            async with trio.open_nursery() as nurse:
                async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
                    p = await tn.start_actor(
                        'fast_boi',
                        enable_modules=[__name__],
                    )
                    async def delayed_kbi():
                        await trio.sleep(kbi_delay)
                        print(f'RAISING KBI after {kbi_delay} s')
                        raise KeyboardInterrupt
                    # start task which raises a kbi **after**
                    # the actor nursery ``__aexit__()`` has
                    # been run.
                    nurse.start_soon(delayed_kbi)
                    await p.run(do_nuthin)
        finally:
            duration = time.time() - start
            if duration > timeout:
                raise trio.TooSlowError(
                    'daemon cancel was slower then necessary..'
                )
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_child_manages_service_nursery.py
+++ b/tests/test_child_manages_service_nursery.py
@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Test a service style daemon that maintains a nursery for spawning
 "remote async tasks" including both spawning other long living
 sub-sub-actor daemons.
 '''
 from typing import Optional
 import asyncio
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
 import pytest
 import trio
 from trio_typing import TaskStatus
 import tractor
 from tractor import RemoteActorError
 from async_generator import aclosing
 async def aio_streamer(
    from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
    to_trio: trio.abc.SendChannel,
 ) -> trio.abc.ReceiveChannel:
    # required first msg to sync caller
    to_trio.send_nowait(None)
    from itertools import cycle
    for i in cycle(range(10)):
        to_trio.send_nowait(i)
        await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
 async def trio_streamer():
    from itertools import cycle
    for i in cycle(range(10)):
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.01)
 async def trio_sleep_and_err(delay: float = 0.5):
    await trio.sleep(delay)
    # name error
    doggy()  # noqa
 _cached_stream: Optional[
    trio.abc.ReceiveChannel
 ] = None
@acm
 async def wrapper_mngr(
 ):
    from tractor.trionics import broadcast_receiver
    global _cached_stream
    in_aio = tractor.current_actor().is_infected_aio()
    if in_aio:
        if _cached_stream:
            from_aio = _cached_stream
            # if we already have a cached feed deliver a rx side clone
            # to consumer
            async with broadcast_receiver(from_aio, 6) as from_aio:
                yield from_aio
                return
        else:
            async with tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
                aio_streamer,
            ) as (first, from_aio):
                assert not first
                # cache it so next task uses broadcast receiver
                _cached_stream = from_aio
                yield from_aio
    else:
        async with aclosing(trio_streamer()) as stream:
            # cache it so next task uses broadcast receiver
            _cached_stream = stream
            yield stream
 _nursery: trio.Nursery = None
@tractor.context
 async def trio_main(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ):
    # sync
    await ctx.started()
    # stash a "service nursery" as "actor local" (aka a Python global)
    global _nursery
    n = _nursery
    assert n
    async def consume_stream():
        async with wrapper_mngr() as stream:
            async for msg in stream:
                print(msg)
    # run 2 tasks to ensure broadcaster chan use
    n.start_soon(consume_stream)
    n.start_soon(consume_stream)
    n.start_soon(trio_sleep_and_err)
    await trio.sleep_forever()
@tractor.context
 async def open_actor_local_nursery(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ):
    global _nursery
    async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
        _nursery = n
        await ctx.started()
        await trio.sleep(10)
        # await trio.sleep(1)
        # XXX: this causes the hang since
        # the caller does not unblock from its own
        # ``trio.sleep_forever()``.
        # TODO: we need to test a simple ctx task starting remote tasks
        # that error and then blocking on a ``Nursery.start()`` which
        # never yields back.. aka a scenario where the
        # ``tractor.context`` task IS NOT in the service n's cancel
        # scope.
        n.cancel_scope.cancel()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'asyncio_mode',
    [True, False],
    ids='asyncio_mode={}'.format,
 )
 def test_actor_managed_trio_nursery_task_error_cancels_aio(
    asyncio_mode: bool,
    arb_addr
 ):
    '''
    Verify that a ``trio`` nursery created managed in a child actor
    correctly relays errors to the parent actor when one of its spawned
    tasks errors even when running in infected asyncio mode and using
    broadcast receivers for multi-task-per-actor subscription.
    '''
    async def main():
        # cancel the nursery shortly after boot
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            p = await n.start_actor(
                'nursery_mngr',
                infect_asyncio=asyncio_mode,
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with (
                p.open_context(open_actor_local_nursery) as (ctx, first),
                p.open_context(trio_main) as (ctx, first),
            ):
                await trio.sleep_forever()
    with pytest.raises(RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    # verify boxed error
    err = excinfo.value
    assert isinstance(err.type(), NameError)
--- a/tests/test_clustering.py
+++ b/tests/test_clustering.py
@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
 import itertools
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 from tractor import open_actor_cluster
 from tractor.trionics import gather_contexts
 from conftest import tractor_test
 MESSAGE = 'tractoring at full speed'
 def test_empty_mngrs_input_raises() -> None:
    async def main():
        with trio.fail_after(1):
            async with (
                open_actor_cluster(
                    modules=[__name__],
                    # NOTE: ensure we can passthrough runtime opts
                    loglevel='info',
                    # debug_mode=True,
                ) as portals,
                gather_contexts(
                    # NOTE: it's the use of inline-generator syntax
                    # here that causes the empty input.
                    mngrs=(
                        p.open_context(worker) for p in portals.values()
                    ),
                ),
            ):
                assert 0
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
 async def worker(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream(
        backpressure=True,
    ) as stream:
        # TODO: this with the below assert causes a hang bug?
        # with trio.move_on_after(1):
        async for msg in stream:
            # do something with msg
            print(msg)
            assert msg == MESSAGE
        # TODO: does this ever cause a hang
        # assert 0
@tractor_test
 async def test_streaming_to_actor_cluster() -> None:
    async with (
        open_actor_cluster(modules=[__name__]) as portals,
        gather_contexts(
            mngrs=[p.open_context(worker) for p in portals.values()],
        ) as contexts,
        gather_contexts(
            mngrs=[ctx[0].open_stream() for ctx in contexts],
        ) as streams,
    ):
        with trio.move_on_after(1):
            for stream in itertools.cycle(streams):
                await stream.send(MESSAGE)
--- a/tests/test_context_stream_semantics.py
+++ b/tests/test_context_stream_semantics.py
@ -1,798 +0,0 @@
 '''
 ``async with ():`` inlined context-stream cancellation testing.
 Verify the we raise errors when streams are opened prior to sync-opening
 a ``tractor.Context`` beforehand.
 '''
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
 from itertools import count
 import platform
 from typing import Optional
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 from tractor._exceptions import StreamOverrun
 from conftest import tractor_test
 # ``Context`` semantics are as follows,
 #  ------------------------------------
 # - standard setup/teardown:
 #   ``Portal.open_context()`` starts a new
 #   remote task context in another actor. The target actor's task must
 #   call ``Context.started()`` to unblock this entry on the caller side.
 #   the callee task executes until complete and returns a final value
 #   which is delivered to the caller side and retreived via
 #   ``Context.result()``.
 # - cancel termination:
 #   context can be cancelled on either side where either end's task can
 #   call ``Context.cancel()`` which raises a local ``trio.Cancelled``
 #   and sends a task cancel request to the remote task which in turn
 #   raises a ``trio.Cancelled`` in that scope, catches it, and re-raises
 #   as ``ContextCancelled``. This is then caught by
 #   ``Portal.open_context()``'s exit and we get a graceful termination
 #   of the linked tasks.
 # - error termination:
 #   error is caught after all context-cancel-scope tasks are cancelled
 #   via regular ``trio`` cancel scope semantics, error is sent to other
 #   side and unpacked as a `RemoteActorError`.
 # ``Context.open_stream() as stream: MsgStream:`` msg semantics are:
 #  -----------------------------------------------------------------
 # - either side can ``.send()`` which emits a 'yield' msgs and delivers
 #   a value to the a ``MsgStream.receive()`` call.
 # - stream closure: one end relays a 'stop' message which terminates an
 #   ongoing ``MsgStream`` iteration.
 # - cancel/error termination: as per the context semantics above but
 #   with implicit stream closure on the cancelling end.
 _state: bool = False
@tractor.context
 async def too_many_starteds(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Call ``Context.started()`` more then once (an error).
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    try:
        await ctx.started()
    except RuntimeError:
        raise
@tractor.context
 async def not_started_but_stream_opened(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Enter ``Context.open_stream()`` without calling ``.started()``.
    '''
    try:
        async with ctx.open_stream():
            assert 0
    except RuntimeError:
        raise
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'target',
    [too_many_starteds, not_started_but_stream_opened],
    ids='misuse_type={}'.format,
 )
 def test_started_misuse(target):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                target.__name__,
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with portal.open_context(target) as (ctx, sent):
                await trio.sleep(1)
    with pytest.raises(tractor.RemoteActorError):
        trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
 async def simple_setup_teardown(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    data: int,
    block_forever: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    # startup phase
    global _state
    _state = True
    # signal to parent that we're up
    await ctx.started(data + 1)
    try:
        if block_forever:
            # block until cancelled
            await trio.sleep_forever()
        else:
            return 'yo'
    finally:
        _state = False
 async def assert_state(value: bool):
    global _state
    assert _state == value
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'error_parent',
    [False, ValueError, KeyboardInterrupt],
 )
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'callee_blocks_forever',
    [False, True],
    ids=lambda item: f'callee_blocks_forever={item}'
 )
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'pointlessly_open_stream',
    [False, True],
    ids=lambda item: f'open_stream={item}'
 )
 def test_simple_context(
    error_parent,
    callee_blocks_forever,
    pointlessly_open_stream,
 ):
    timeout = 1.5 if not platform.system() == 'Windows' else 4
    async def main():
        with trio.fail_after(timeout):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
                portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                    'simple_context',
                    enable_modules=[__name__],
                )
                try:
                    async with portal.open_context(
                        simple_setup_teardown,
                        data=10,
                        block_forever=callee_blocks_forever,
                    ) as (ctx, sent):
                        assert sent == 11
                        if callee_blocks_forever:
                            await portal.run(assert_state, value=True)
                        else:
                            assert await ctx.result() == 'yo'
                        if not error_parent:
                            await ctx.cancel()
                        if pointlessly_open_stream:
                            async with ctx.open_stream():
                                if error_parent:
                                    raise error_parent
                                if callee_blocks_forever:
                                    await ctx.cancel()
                                else:
                                    # in this case the stream will send a
                                    # 'stop' msg to the far end which needs
                                    # to be ignored
                                    pass
                        else:
                            if error_parent:
                                raise error_parent
                finally:
                    # after cancellation
                    if not error_parent:
                        await portal.run(assert_state, value=False)
                    # shut down daemon
                    await portal.cancel_actor()
    if error_parent:
        try:
            trio.run(main)
        except error_parent:
            pass
        except trio.MultiError as me:
            # XXX: on windows it seems we may have to expect the group error
            from tractor._exceptions import is_multi_cancelled
            assert is_multi_cancelled(me)
    else:
        trio.run(main)
 # basic stream terminations:
 # - callee context closes without using stream
 # - caller context closes without using stream
 # - caller context calls `Context.cancel()` while streaming
 #   is ongoing resulting in callee being cancelled
 # - callee calls `Context.cancel()` while streaming and caller
 #   sees stream terminated in `RemoteActorError`
 # TODO: future possible features
 # - restart request: far end raises `ContextRestart`
@tractor.context
 async def close_ctx_immediately(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    global _state
    async with ctx.open_stream():
        pass
@tractor_test
 async def test_callee_closes_ctx_after_stream_open():
    'callee context closes without using stream'
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'fast_stream_closer',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        with trio.fail_after(2):
            async with portal.open_context(
                close_ctx_immediately,
                # flag to avoid waiting the final result
                # cancel_on_exit=True,
            ) as (ctx, sent):
                assert sent is None
                with trio.fail_after(0.5):
                    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                        # should fall through since ``StopAsyncIteration``
                        # should be raised through translation of
                        # a ``trio.EndOfChannel`` by
                        # ``trio.abc.ReceiveChannel.__anext__()``
                        async for _ in stream:
                            assert 0
                        else:
                            # verify stream is now closed
                            try:
                                await stream.receive()
                            except trio.EndOfChannel:
                                pass
                # TODO: should be just raise the closed resource err
                # directly here to enforce not allowing a re-open
                # of a stream to the context (at least until a time of
                # if/when we decide that's a good idea?)
                try:
                    with trio.fail_after(0.5):
                        async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                            pass
                except trio.ClosedResourceError:
                    pass
        await portal.cancel_actor()
@tractor.context
 async def expect_cancelled(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    global _state
    _state = True
    await ctx.started()
    try:
        async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
            async for msg in stream:
                await stream.send(msg)  # echo server
    except trio.Cancelled:
        # expected case
        _state = False
        raise
    else:
        assert 0, "Wasn't cancelled!?"
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'use_ctx_cancel_method',
    [False, True],
 )
@tractor_test
 async def test_caller_closes_ctx_after_callee_opens_stream(
    use_ctx_cancel_method: bool,
 ):
    'caller context closes without using stream'
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'ctx_cancelled',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        async with portal.open_context(
            expect_cancelled,
        ) as (ctx, sent):
            await portal.run(assert_state, value=True)
            assert sent is None
            # call cancel explicitly
            if use_ctx_cancel_method:
                await ctx.cancel()
                try:
                    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                        async for msg in stream:
                            pass
                except tractor.ContextCancelled:
                    raise  # XXX: must be propagated to __aexit__
                else:
                    assert 0, "Should have context cancelled?"
                # channel should still be up
                assert portal.channel.connected()
                # ctx is closed here
                await portal.run(assert_state, value=False)
            else:
                try:
                    with trio.fail_after(0.2):
                        await ctx.result()
                        assert 0, "Callee should have blocked!?"
                except trio.TooSlowError:
                    await ctx.cancel()
        try:
            async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                async for msg in stream:
                    pass
        except tractor.ContextCancelled:
            pass
        else:
            assert 0, "Should have received closed resource error?"
        # ctx is closed here
        await portal.run(assert_state, value=False)
        # channel should not have been destroyed yet, only the
        # inter-actor-task context
        assert portal.channel.connected()
        # teardown the actor
        await portal.cancel_actor()
@tractor_test
 async def test_multitask_caller_cancels_from_nonroot_task():
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'ctx_cancelled',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        async with portal.open_context(
            expect_cancelled,
        ) as (ctx, sent):
            await portal.run(assert_state, value=True)
            assert sent is None
            async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                async def send_msg_then_cancel():
                    await stream.send('yo')
                    await portal.run(assert_state, value=True)
                    await ctx.cancel()
                    await portal.run(assert_state, value=False)
                async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                    n.start_soon(send_msg_then_cancel)
                    try:
                        async for msg in stream:
                            assert msg == 'yo'
                    except tractor.ContextCancelled:
                        raise  # XXX: must be propagated to __aexit__
                # channel should still be up
                assert portal.channel.connected()
                # ctx is closed here
                await portal.run(assert_state, value=False)
        # channel should not have been destroyed yet, only the
        # inter-actor-task context
        assert portal.channel.connected()
        # teardown the actor
        await portal.cancel_actor()
@tractor.context
 async def cancel_self(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    global _state
    _state = True
    await ctx.cancel()
    # should inline raise immediately
    try:
        async with ctx.open_stream():
            pass
    except tractor.ContextCancelled:
        # suppress for now so we can do checkpoint tests below
        pass
    else:
        raise RuntimeError('Context didnt cancel itself?!')
    # check a real ``trio.Cancelled`` is raised on a checkpoint
    try:
        with trio.fail_after(0.1):
            await trio.sleep_forever()
    except trio.Cancelled:
        raise
    except trio.TooSlowError:
        # should never get here
        assert 0
@tractor_test
 async def test_callee_cancels_before_started():
    '''
    Callee calls `Context.cancel()` while streaming and caller
    sees stream terminated in `ContextCancelled`.
    '''
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'cancels_self',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        try:
            async with portal.open_context(
                cancel_self,
            ) as (ctx, sent):
                async with ctx.open_stream():
                    await trio.sleep_forever()
        # raises a special cancel signal
        except tractor.ContextCancelled as ce:
            ce.type == trio.Cancelled
            # the traceback should be informative
            assert 'cancelled itself' in ce.msgdata['tb_str']
        # teardown the actor
        await portal.cancel_actor()
@tractor.context
 async def never_open_stream(
    ctx:  tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Context which never opens a stream and blocks.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    await trio.sleep_forever()
@tractor.context
 async def keep_sending_from_callee(
    ctx:  tractor.Context,
    msg_buffer_size: Optional[int] = None,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Send endlessly on the calleee stream.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream(
        msg_buffer_size=msg_buffer_size,
    ) as stream:
        for msg in count():
            print(f'callee sending {msg}')
            await stream.send(msg)
            await trio.sleep(0.01)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'overrun_by',
    [
        ('caller', 1, never_open_stream),
        ('cancel_caller_during_overrun', 1, never_open_stream),
        ('callee', 0, keep_sending_from_callee),
    ],
    ids='overrun_condition={}'.format,
 )
 def test_one_end_stream_not_opened(overrun_by):
    '''
    This should exemplify the bug from:
    https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/265
    '''
    overrunner, buf_size_increase, entrypoint = overrun_by
    from tractor._runtime import Actor
    buf_size = buf_size_increase + Actor.msg_buffer_size
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                entrypoint.__name__,
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with portal.open_context(
                entrypoint,
            ) as (ctx, sent):
                assert sent is None
                if 'caller' in overrunner:
                    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                        for i in range(buf_size):
                            print(f'sending {i}')
                            await stream.send(i)
                        if 'cancel' in overrunner:
                            # without this we block waiting on the child side
                            await ctx.cancel()
                        else:
                            # expect overrun error to be relayed back
                            # and this sleep interrupted
                            await trio.sleep_forever()
                else:
                    # callee overruns caller case so we do nothing here
                    await trio.sleep_forever()
            await portal.cancel_actor()
    # 2 overrun cases and the no overrun case (which pushes right up to
    # the msg limit)
    if overrunner == 'caller' or 'cance' in overrunner:
        with pytest.raises(tractor.RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
            trio.run(main)
        assert excinfo.value.type == StreamOverrun
    elif overrunner == 'callee':
        with pytest.raises(tractor.RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
            trio.run(main)
        # TODO: embedded remote errors so that we can verify the source
        # error? the callee delivers an error which is an overrun
        # wrapped in a remote actor error.
        assert excinfo.value.type == tractor.RemoteActorError
    else:
        trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
 async def echo_back_sequence(
    ctx:  tractor.Context,
    seq: list[int],
    msg_buffer_size: Optional[int] = None,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Send endlessly on the calleee stream.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream(
        msg_buffer_size=msg_buffer_size,
    ) as stream:
        seq = list(seq)  # bleh, `msgpack`...
        count = 0
        while count < 3:
            batch = []
            async for msg in stream:
                batch.append(msg)
                if batch == seq:
                    break
            for msg in batch:
                print(f'callee sending {msg}')
                await stream.send(msg)
            count += 1
        return 'yo'
 def test_stream_backpressure():
    '''
    Demonstrate small overruns of each task back and forth
    on a stream not raising any errors by default.
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'callee_sends_forever',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            seq = list(range(3))
            async with portal.open_context(
                echo_back_sequence,
                seq=seq,
                msg_buffer_size=1,
            ) as (ctx, sent):
                assert sent is None
                async with ctx.open_stream(msg_buffer_size=1) as stream:
                    count = 0
                    while count < 3:
                        for msg in seq:
                            print(f'caller sending {msg}')
                            await stream.send(msg)
                            await trio.sleep(0.1)
                        batch = []
                        async for msg in stream:
                            batch.append(msg)
                            if batch == seq:
                                break
                        count += 1
            # here the context should return
            assert await ctx.result() == 'yo'
            # cancel the daemon
            await portal.cancel_actor()
    trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
 async def sleep_forever(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream():
        await trio.sleep_forever()
@acm
 async def attach_to_sleep_forever():
    '''
    Cancel a context **before** any underlying error is raised in order
    to trigger a local reception of a ``ContextCancelled`` which **should not**
    be re-raised in the local surrounding ``Context`` *iff* the cancel was
    requested by **this** side of the context.
    '''
    async with tractor.wait_for_actor('sleeper') as p2:
        async with (
            p2.open_context(sleep_forever) as (peer_ctx, first),
            peer_ctx.open_stream(),
        ):
            try:
                yield
            finally:
                # XXX: previously this would trigger local
                # ``ContextCancelled`` to be received and raised in the
                # local context overriding any local error due to
                # logic inside ``_invoke()`` which checked for
                # an error set on ``Context._error`` and raised it in
                # under a cancellation scenario.
                # The problem is you can have a remote cancellation
                # that is part of a local error and we shouldn't raise
                # ``ContextCancelled`` **iff** we weren't the side of
                # the context to initiate it, i.e.
                # ``Context._cancel_called`` should **NOT** have been
                # set. The special logic to handle this case is now
                # inside ``Context._may_raise_from_remote_msg()`` XD
                await peer_ctx.cancel()
@tractor.context
 async def error_before_started(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    This simulates exactly an original bug discovered in:
    https://github.com/pikers/piker/issues/244
    '''
    async with attach_to_sleep_forever():
        # send an unserializable type which should raise a type error
        # here and **NOT BE SWALLOWED** by the surrounding acm!!?!
        await ctx.started(object())
 def test_do_not_swallow_error_before_started_by_remote_contextcancelled():
    '''
    Verify that an error raised in a remote context which itself opens another
    remote context, which it cancels, does not ovverride the original error that
    caused the cancellation of the secondardy context.
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'errorer',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            await n.start_actor(
                'sleeper',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with (
                portal.open_context(
                    error_before_started
                ) as (ctx, sent),
            ):
                await trio.sleep_forever()
    with pytest.raises(tractor.RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    assert excinfo.value.type == TypeError
--- a/tests/test_debugger.py
+++ b/tests/test_debugger.py
@ -1,933 +0,0 @@
 """
 That "native" debug mode better work!
 All these tests can be understood (somewhat) by running the equivalent
 `examples/debugging/` scripts manually.
 TODO:
    - none of these tests have been run successfully on windows yet but
      there's been manual testing that verified it works.
    - wonder if any of it'll work on OS X?
 """
 import itertools
 from os import path
 from typing import Optional
 import platform
 import pathlib
 import sys
 import time
 import pytest
 import pexpect
 from pexpect.exceptions import (
    TIMEOUT,
    EOF,
 )
 from conftest import (
    examples_dir,
    _ci_env,
 )
 # TODO: The next great debugger audit could be done by you!
 # - recurrent entry to breakpoint() from single actor *after* and an
 #   error in another task?
 # - root error before child errors
 # - root error after child errors
 # - root error before child breakpoint
 # - root error after child breakpoint
 # - recurrent root errors
 if platform.system() == 'Windows':
    pytest.skip(
        'Debugger tests have no windows support (yet)',
        allow_module_level=True,
    )
 def mk_cmd(ex_name: str) -> str:
    '''
    Generate a command suitable to pass to ``pexpect.spawn()``.
    '''
    script_path: pathlib.Path = examples_dir() / 'debugging' / f'{ex_name}.py'
    return ' '.join(['python', str(script_path)])
 # TODO: was trying to this xfail style but some weird bug i see in CI
 # that's happening at collect time.. pretty soon gonna dump actions i'm
 # thinkin...
 # in CI we skip tests which >= depth 1 actor trees due to there
 # still being an oustanding issue with relaying the debug-mode-state
 # through intermediary parents.
 has_nested_actors = pytest.mark.has_nested_actors
 # .xfail(
 #     os.environ.get('CI', False),
 #     reason=(
 #         'This test uses nested actors and fails in CI\n'
 #         'The test seems to run fine locally but until we solve the '
 #         'following issue this CI test will be xfail:\n'
 #         'https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320'
 #     )
 # )
@pytest.fixture
 def spawn(
    start_method,
    testdir,
    arb_addr,
 ) -> 'pexpect.spawn':
    if start_method != 'trio':
        pytest.skip(
            "Debugger tests are only supported on the trio backend"
        )
    def _spawn(cmd):
        return testdir.spawn(
            cmd=mk_cmd(cmd),
            expect_timeout=3,
        )
    return _spawn
 PROMPT = r"\(Pdb\+\)"
 def expect(
    child,
    # prompt by default
    patt: str = PROMPT,
    **kwargs,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Expect wrapper that prints last seen console
    data before failing.
    '''
    try:
        child.expect(
            patt,
            **kwargs,
        )
    except TIMEOUT:
        before = str(child.before.decode())
        print(before)
        raise
 def assert_before(
    child,
    patts: list[str],
 ) -> None:
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    for patt in patts:
        try:
            assert patt in before
        except AssertionError:
            print(before)
            raise
@pytest.fixture(
    params=[False, True],
    ids='ctl-c={}'.format,
 )
 def ctlc(
    request,
    ci_env: bool,
 ) -> bool:
    use_ctlc = request.param
    node = request.node
    markers = node.own_markers
    for mark in markers:
        if mark.name == 'has_nested_actors':
            pytest.skip(
                f'Test {node} has nested actors and fails with Ctrl-C.\n'
                f'The test can sometimes run fine locally but until'
                ' we solve' 'this issue this CI test will be xfail:\n'
                'https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320'
            )
    if use_ctlc:
        # XXX: disable pygments highlighting for auto-tests
        # since some envs (like actions CI) will struggle
        # the the added color-char encoding..
        from tractor._debug import TractorConfig
        TractorConfig.use_pygements = False
    yield use_ctlc
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'user_in_out',
    [
        ('c', 'AssertionError'),
        ('q', 'AssertionError'),
    ],
    ids=lambda item: f'{item[0]} -> {item[1]}',
 )
 def test_root_actor_error(spawn, user_in_out):
    '''
    Demonstrate crash handler entering pdb from basic error in root actor.
    '''
    user_input, expect_err_str = user_in_out
    child = spawn('root_actor_error')
    # scan for the prompt
    expect(child, PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    # make sure expected logging and error arrives
    assert "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('root'" in before
    assert 'AssertionError' in before
    # send user command
    child.sendline(user_input)
    # process should exit
    expect(child, EOF)
    assert expect_err_str in str(child.before)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'user_in_out',
    [
        ('c', None),
        ('q', 'bdb.BdbQuit'),
    ],
    ids=lambda item: f'{item[0]} -> {item[1]}',
 )
 def test_root_actor_bp(spawn, user_in_out):
    """Demonstrate breakpoint from in root actor.
    """
    user_input, expect_err_str = user_in_out
    child = spawn('root_actor_breakpoint')
    # scan for the prompt
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    assert 'Error' not in str(child.before)
    # send user command
    child.sendline(user_input)
    child.expect('\r\n')
    # process should exit
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
    if expect_err_str is None:
        assert 'Error' not in str(child.before)
    else:
        assert expect_err_str in str(child.before)
 def do_ctlc(
    child,
    count: int = 3,
    delay: float = 0.1,
    patt: Optional[str] = None,
    # expect repl UX to reprint the prompt after every
    # ctrl-c send.
    # XXX: no idea but, in CI this never seems to work even on 3.10 so
    # needs some further investigation potentially...
    expect_prompt: bool = not _ci_env,
 ) -> None:
    # make sure ctl-c sends don't do anything but repeat output
    for _ in range(count):
        time.sleep(delay)
        child.sendcontrol('c')
        # TODO: figure out why this makes CI fail..
        # if you run this test manually it works just fine..
        if expect_prompt:
            before = str(child.before.decode())
            time.sleep(delay)
            child.expect(PROMPT)
            time.sleep(delay)
            if patt:
                # should see the last line on console
                assert patt in before
 def test_root_actor_bp_forever(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool,
 ):
    "Re-enter a breakpoint from the root actor-task."
    child = spawn('root_actor_breakpoint_forever')
    # do some "next" commands to demonstrate recurrent breakpoint
    # entries
    for _ in range(10):
        child.expect(PROMPT)
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
        child.sendline('next')
    # do one continue which should trigger a
    # new task to lock the tty
    child.sendline('continue')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # seems that if we hit ctrl-c too fast the
    # sigint guard machinery might not kick in..
    time.sleep(0.001)
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # XXX: this previously caused a bug!
    child.sendline('n')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    child.sendline('n')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # quit out of the loop
    child.sendline('q')
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'do_next',
    (True, False),
    ids='do_next={}'.format,
 )
 def test_subactor_error(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool,
    do_next: bool,
 ):
    '''
    Single subactor raising an error
    '''
    child = spawn('subactor_error')
    # scan for the prompt
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('name_error'" in before
    if do_next:
        child.sendline('n')
    else:
        # make sure ctl-c sends don't do anything but repeat output
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(
                child,
            )
        # send user command and (in this case it's the same for 'continue'
        # vs. 'quit') the debugger should enter a second time in the nursery
        # creating actor
        child.sendline('continue')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    # root actor gets debugger engaged
    assert "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('root'" in before
    # error is a remote error propagated from the subactor
    assert "RemoteActorError: ('name_error'" in before
    # another round
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect('\r\n')
    # process should exit
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
 def test_subactor_breakpoint(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool,
 ):
    "Single subactor with an infinite breakpoint loop"
    child = spawn('subactor_breakpoint')
    # scan for the prompt
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "Attaching pdb to actor: ('breakpoint_forever'" in before
    # do some "next" commands to demonstrate recurrent breakpoint
    # entries
    for _ in range(10):
        child.sendline('next')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
    # now run some "continues" to show re-entries
    for _ in range(5):
        child.sendline('continue')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
        before = str(child.before.decode())
        assert "Attaching pdb to actor: ('breakpoint_forever'" in before
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
    # finally quit the loop
    child.sendline('q')
    # child process should exit but parent will capture pdb.BdbQuit
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "RemoteActorError: ('breakpoint_forever'" in before
    assert 'bdb.BdbQuit' in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # quit the parent
    child.sendline('c')
    # process should exit
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "RemoteActorError: ('breakpoint_forever'" in before
    assert 'bdb.BdbQuit' in before
@has_nested_actors
 def test_multi_subactors(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool,
 ):
    '''
    Multiple subactors, both erroring and
    breakpointing as well as a nested subactor erroring.
    '''
    child = spawn(r'multi_subactors')
    # scan for the prompt
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "Attaching pdb to actor: ('breakpoint_forever'" in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # do some "next" commands to demonstrate recurrent breakpoint
    # entries
    for _ in range(10):
        child.sendline('next')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
    # continue to next error
    child.sendline('c')
    # first name_error failure
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('name_error'" in before
    assert "NameError" in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # continue again
    child.sendline('c')
    # 2nd name_error failure
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # TODO: will we ever get the race where this crash will show up?
    # blocklist strat now prevents this crash
    # assert_before(child, [
    #     "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('name_error_1'",
    #     "NameError",
    # ])
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # breakpoint loop should re-engage
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "Attaching pdb to actor: ('breakpoint_forever'" in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # wait for spawn error to show up
    spawn_err = "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('spawn_error'"
    start = time.time()
    while (
        spawn_err not in before
        and (time.time() - start) < 3  # timeout eventually
    ):
        child.sendline('c')
        time.sleep(0.1)
        child.expect(PROMPT)
        before = str(child.before.decode())
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
    # 2nd depth nursery should trigger
    # (XXX: this below if guard is technically a hack that makes the
    # nested case seem to work locally on linux but ideally in the long
    # run this can be dropped.)
    if not ctlc:
        assert_before(child, [
            spawn_err,
            "RemoteActorError: ('name_error_1'",
        ])
    # now run some "continues" to show re-entries
    for _ in range(5):
        child.sendline('c')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
    # quit the loop and expect parent to attach
    child.sendline('q')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert_before(child, [
        # debugger attaches to root
        "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('root'",
        # expect a multierror with exceptions for each sub-actor
        "RemoteActorError: ('breakpoint_forever'",
        "RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
        "RemoteActorError: ('spawn_error'",
        "RemoteActorError: ('name_error_1'",
        'bdb.BdbQuit',
    ])
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # process should exit
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
    # repeat of previous multierror for final output
    assert_before(child, [
        "RemoteActorError: ('breakpoint_forever'",
        "RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
        "RemoteActorError: ('spawn_error'",
        "RemoteActorError: ('name_error_1'",
        'bdb.BdbQuit',
    ])
 def test_multi_daemon_subactors(
    spawn,
    loglevel: str,
    ctlc: bool
 ):
    '''
    Multiple daemon subactors, both erroring and breakpointing within a
    stream.
    '''
    child = spawn('multi_daemon_subactors')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # there can be a race for which subactor will acquire
    # the root's tty lock first so anticipate either crash
    # message on the first entry.
    bp_forever_msg = "Attaching pdb to actor: ('bp_forever'"
    name_error_msg = "NameError: name 'doggypants' is not defined"
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    if bp_forever_msg in before:
        next_msg = name_error_msg
    elif name_error_msg in before:
        next_msg = bp_forever_msg
    else:
        raise ValueError("Neither log msg was found !?")
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # NOTE: previously since we did not have clobber prevention
    # in the root actor this final resume could result in the debugger
    # tearing down since both child actors would be cancelled and it was
    # unlikely that `bp_forever` would re-acquire the tty lock again.
    # Now, we should have a final resumption in the root plus a possible
    # second entry by `bp_forever`.
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    assert_before(child, [next_msg])
    # XXX: hooray the root clobbering the child here was fixed!
    # IMO, this demonstrates the true power of SC system design.
    # now the root actor won't clobber the bp_forever child
    # during it's first access to the debug lock, but will instead
    # wait for the lock to release, by the edge triggered
    # ``_debug.Lock.no_remote_has_tty`` event before sending cancel messages
    # (via portals) to its underlings B)
    # at some point here there should have been some warning msg from
    # the root announcing it avoided a clobber of the child's lock, but
    # it seems unreliable in testing here to gnab it:
    # assert "in use by child ('bp_forever'," in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # expect another breakpoint actor entry
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    try:
        assert_before(child, [bp_forever_msg])
    except AssertionError:
        assert_before(child, [name_error_msg])
    else:
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
        # should crash with the 2nd name error (simulates
        # a retry) and then the root eventually (boxed) errors
        # after 1 or more further bp actor entries.
        child.sendline('c')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
        assert_before(child, [name_error_msg])
    # wait for final error in root
    # where it crashs with boxed error
    while True:
        try:
            child.sendline('c')
            child.expect(PROMPT)
            assert_before(
                child,
                [bp_forever_msg]
            )
        except AssertionError:
            break
    assert_before(
        child,
        [
            # boxed error raised in root task
            "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('root'",
            "_exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
        ]
    )
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
@has_nested_actors
 def test_multi_subactors_root_errors(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool
 ):
    '''
    Multiple subactors, both erroring and breakpointing as well as
    a nested subactor erroring.
    '''
    child = spawn('multi_subactor_root_errors')
    # scan for the prompt
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # at most one subactor should attach before the root is cancelled
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "NameError: name 'doggypants' is not defined" in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    # continue again to catch 2nd name error from
    # actor 'name_error_1' (which is 2nd depth).
    child.sendline('c')
    # due to block list strat from #337, this will no longer
    # propagate before the root errors and cancels the spawner sub-tree.
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # only if the blocking condition doesn't kick in fast enough
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    if "Debug lock blocked for ['name_error_1'" not in before:
        assert_before(child, [
            "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('name_error_1'",
            "NameError",
        ])
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
        child.sendline('c')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
    # check if the spawner crashed or was blocked from debug
    # and if this intermediary attached check the boxed error
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    if "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('spawn_error'" in before:
        assert_before(child, [
            # boxed error from spawner's child
            "RemoteActorError: ('name_error_1'",
            "NameError",
        ])
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
        child.sendline('c')
        child.expect(PROMPT)
    # expect a root actor crash
    assert_before(child, [
        "RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
        "NameError",
        # error from root actor and root task that created top level nursery
        "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('root'",
        "AssertionError",
    ])
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
    assert_before(child, [
        # "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('root'",
        # boxed error from previous step
        "RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
        "NameError",
        "AssertionError",
        'assert 0',
    ])
@has_nested_actors
 def test_multi_nested_subactors_error_through_nurseries(
    spawn,
    # TODO: address debugger issue for nested tree:
    # https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320
    # ctlc: bool,
 ):
    """Verify deeply nested actors that error trigger debugger entries
    at each actor nurserly (level) all the way up the tree.
    """
    # NOTE: previously, inside this script was a bug where if the
    # parent errors before a 2-levels-lower actor has released the lock,
    # the parent tries to cancel it but it's stuck in the debugger?
    # A test (below) has now been added to explicitly verify this is
    # fixed.
    child = spawn('multi_nested_subactors_error_up_through_nurseries')
    timed_out_early: bool = False
    for send_char in itertools.cycle(['c', 'q']):
        try:
            child.expect(PROMPT)
            child.sendline(send_char)
            time.sleep(0.01)
        except EOF:
            break
    assert_before(child, [
        # boxed source errors
        "NameError: name 'doggypants' is not defined",
        "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
        "bdb.BdbQuit",
        # first level subtrees
        "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('spawner0'",
        # "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('spawner1'",
        # propagation of errors up through nested subtrees
        "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('spawn_until_0'",
        "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('spawn_until_1'",
        "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('spawn_until_2'",
    ])
@pytest.mark.timeout(15)
@has_nested_actors
 def test_root_nursery_cancels_before_child_releases_tty_lock(
    spawn,
    start_method,
    ctlc: bool,
 ):
    '''
    Test that when the root sends a cancel message before a nested child
    has unblocked (which can happen when it has the tty lock and is
    engaged in pdb) it is indeed cancelled after exiting the debugger.
    '''
    timed_out_early = False
    child = spawn('root_cancelled_but_child_is_in_tty_lock')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "NameError: name 'doggypants' is not defined" in before
    assert "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('name_error'" not in before
    time.sleep(0.5)
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    child.sendline('c')
    for i in range(4):
        time.sleep(0.5)
        try:
            child.expect(PROMPT)
        except (
            EOF,
            TIMEOUT,
        ):
            # races all over..
            print(f"Failed early on {i}?")
            before = str(child.before.decode())
            timed_out_early = True
            # race conditions on how fast the continue is sent?
            break
        before = str(child.before.decode())
        assert "NameError: name 'doggypants' is not defined" in before
        if ctlc:
            do_ctlc(child)
        child.sendline('c')
        time.sleep(0.1)
    for i in range(3):
        try:
            child.expect(pexpect.EOF, timeout=0.5)
            break
        except TIMEOUT:
            child.sendline('c')
            time.sleep(0.1)
            print('child was able to grab tty lock again?')
    else:
        print('giving up on child releasing, sending `quit` cmd')
        child.sendline('q')
        expect(child, EOF)
    if not timed_out_early:
        before = str(child.before.decode())
        assert_before(child, [
            "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('spawner0'",
            "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('name_error'",
            "NameError: name 'doggypants' is not defined",
        ])
 def test_root_cancels_child_context_during_startup(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool,
 ):
    '''Verify a fast fail in the root doesn't lock up the child reaping
    and all while using the new context api.
    '''
    child = spawn('fast_error_in_root_after_spawn')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "AssertionError" in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
 def test_different_debug_mode_per_actor(
    spawn,
    ctlc: bool,
 ):
    child = spawn('per_actor_debug')
    child.expect(PROMPT)
    # only one actor should enter the debugger
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    assert "Attaching to pdb in crashed actor: ('debugged_boi'" in before
    assert "RuntimeError" in before
    if ctlc:
        do_ctlc(child)
    child.sendline('c')
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
    before = str(child.before.decode())
    # NOTE: this debugged actor error currently WON'T show up since the
    # root will actually cancel and terminate the nursery before the error
    # msg reported back from the debug mode actor is processed.
    # assert "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('debugged_boi'" in before
    assert "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('crash_boi'" in before
    # the crash boi should not have made a debugger request but
    # instead crashed completely
    assert "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: ('crash_boi'" in before
    assert "RuntimeError" in before
--- a/tests/test_discovery.py
+++ b/tests/test_discovery.py
@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 """
 Actor "discovery" testing
 """
 import os
 import signal
 import platform
 from functools import partial
 import itertools
 import pytest
 import tractor
 import trio
@ -20,11 +14,8 @@ async def test_reg_then_unreg(arb_addr):
    assert actor.is_arbiter
    assert len(actor._registry) == 1  # only self is registered
-    async with tractor.open_nursery(
+    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
-        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
+        portal = await n.start_actor('actor', rpc_module_paths=[__name__])
    ) as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor('actor', enable_modules=[__name__])
        uid = portal.channel.uid
        async with tractor.get_arbiter(*arb_addr) as aportal:
@ -42,7 +33,7 @@ async def test_reg_then_unreg(arb_addr):
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
        assert uid not in aportal.actor._registry
-        sockaddrs = actor._registry.get(uid)
+        sockaddrs = actor._registry[uid]
        assert not sockaddrs
@ -69,7 +60,7 @@ async def say_hello_use_wait(other_actor):
@tractor_test
@pytest.mark.parametrize('func', [say_hello, say_hello_use_wait])
-async def test_trynamic_trio(func, start_method, arb_addr):
+async def test_trynamic_trio(func, start_method):
    """Main tractor entry point, the "master" process (for now
    acts as the "director").
    """
@ -77,292 +68,15 @@ async def test_trynamic_trio(func, start_method, arb_addr):
        print("Alright... Action!")
        donny = await n.run_in_actor(
            'donny',
            func,
            other_actor='gretchen',
            name='donny',
        )
        gretchen = await n.run_in_actor(
            'gretchen',
            func,
            other_actor='donny',
            name='gretchen',
        )
        print(await gretchen.result())
        print(await donny.result())
        print("CUTTTT CUUTT CUT!!?! Donny!! You're supposed to say...")
 async def stream_forever():
    for i in itertools.count():
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.01)
 async def cancel(use_signal, delay=0):
    # hold on there sally
    await trio.sleep(delay)
    # trigger cancel
    if use_signal:
        if platform.system() == 'Windows':
            pytest.skip("SIGINT not supported on windows")
        os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGINT)
    else:
        raise KeyboardInterrupt
 async def stream_from(portal):
    async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_forever) as stream:
        async for value in stream:
            print(value)
 async def unpack_reg(actor_or_portal):
    '''
    Get and unpack a "registry" RPC request from the "arbiter" registry
    system.
    '''
    if getattr(actor_or_portal, 'get_registry', None):
        msg = await actor_or_portal.get_registry()
    else:
        msg = await actor_or_portal.run_from_ns('self', 'get_registry')
    return {tuple(key.split('.')): val for key, val in msg.items()}
 async def spawn_and_check_registry(
    arb_addr: tuple,
    use_signal: bool,
    remote_arbiter: bool = False,
    with_streaming: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
    ):
        async with tractor.get_arbiter(*arb_addr) as portal:
            # runtime needs to be up to call this
            actor = tractor.current_actor()
            if remote_arbiter:
                assert not actor.is_arbiter
            if actor.is_arbiter:
                extra = 1  # arbiter is local root actor
                get_reg = partial(unpack_reg, actor)
            else:
                get_reg = partial(unpack_reg, portal)
                extra = 2  # local root actor + remote arbiter
            # ensure current actor is registered
            registry = await get_reg()
            assert actor.uid in registry
            try:
                async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                    async with trio.open_nursery() as trion:
                        portals = {}
                        for i in range(3):
                            name = f'a{i}'
                            if with_streaming:
                                portals[name] = await n.start_actor(
                                    name=name, enable_modules=[__name__])
                            else:  # no streaming
                                portals[name] = await n.run_in_actor(
                                    trio.sleep_forever, name=name)
                        # wait on last actor to come up
                        async with tractor.wait_for_actor(name):
                            registry = await get_reg()
                            for uid in n._children:
                                assert uid in registry
                        assert len(portals) + extra == len(registry)
                        if with_streaming:
                            await trio.sleep(0.1)
                            pts = list(portals.values())
                            for p in pts[:-1]:
                                trion.start_soon(stream_from, p)
                            # stream for 1 sec
                            trion.start_soon(cancel, use_signal, 1)
                            last_p = pts[-1]
                            await stream_from(last_p)
                        else:
                            await cancel(use_signal)
            finally:
                await trio.sleep(0.5)
                # all subactors should have de-registered
                registry = await get_reg()
                assert len(registry) == extra
                assert actor.uid in registry
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize('with_streaming', [False, True])
 def test_subactors_unregister_on_cancel(
    start_method,
    use_signal,
    arb_addr,
    with_streaming,
 ):
    """Verify that cancelling a nursery results in all subactors
    deregistering themselves with the arbiter.
    """
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(
            partial(
                spawn_and_check_registry,
                arb_addr,
                use_signal,
                remote_arbiter=False,
                with_streaming=with_streaming,
            ),
        )
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize('with_streaming', [False, True])
 def test_subactors_unregister_on_cancel_remote_daemon(
    daemon,
    start_method,
    use_signal,
    arb_addr,
    with_streaming,
 ):
    """Verify that cancelling a nursery results in all subactors
    deregistering themselves with a **remote** (not in the local process
    tree) arbiter.
    """
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(
            partial(
                spawn_and_check_registry,
                arb_addr,
                use_signal,
                remote_arbiter=True,
                with_streaming=with_streaming,
            ),
        )
 async def streamer(agen):
    async for item in agen:
        print(item)
 async def close_chans_before_nursery(
    arb_addr: tuple,
    use_signal: bool,
    remote_arbiter: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    # logic for how many actors should still be
    # in the registry at teardown.
    if remote_arbiter:
        entries_at_end = 2
    else:
        entries_at_end = 1
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
    ):
        async with tractor.get_arbiter(*arb_addr) as aportal:
            try:
                get_reg = partial(unpack_reg, aportal)
                async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
                    portal1 = await tn.start_actor(
                        name='consumer1', enable_modules=[__name__])
                    portal2 = await tn.start_actor(
                        'consumer2', enable_modules=[__name__])
                    # TODO: compact this back as was in last commit once
                    # 3.9+, see https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/207
                    async with portal1.open_stream_from(
                        stream_forever
                    ) as agen1:
                        async with portal2.open_stream_from(
                            stream_forever
                        ) as agen2:
                            async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                                n.start_soon(streamer, agen1)
                                n.start_soon(cancel, use_signal, .5)
                                try:
                                    await streamer(agen2)
                                finally:
                                    # Kill the root nursery thus resulting in
                                    # normal arbiter channel ops to fail during
                                    # teardown. It doesn't seem like this is
                                    # reliably triggered by an external SIGINT.
                                    # tractor.current_actor()._root_nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
                                    # XXX: THIS IS THE KEY THING that
                                    # happens **before** exiting the
                                    # actor nursery block
                                    # also kill off channels cuz why not
                                    await agen1.aclose()
                                    await agen2.aclose()
            finally:
                with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                    await trio.sleep(1)
                    # all subactors should have de-registered
                    registry = await get_reg()
                    assert portal1.channel.uid not in registry
                    assert portal2.channel.uid not in registry
                    assert len(registry) == entries_at_end
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
 def test_close_channel_explicit(
    start_method,
    use_signal,
    arb_addr,
 ):
    """Verify that closing a stream explicitly and killing the actor's
    "root nursery" **before** the containing nursery tears down also
    results in subactor(s) deregistering from the arbiter.
    """
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(
            partial(
                close_chans_before_nursery,
                arb_addr,
                use_signal,
                remote_arbiter=False,
            ),
        )
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
 def test_close_channel_explicit_remote_arbiter(
    daemon,
    start_method,
    use_signal,
    arb_addr,
 ):
    """Verify that closing a stream explicitly and killing the actor's
    "root nursery" **before** the containing nursery tears down also
    results in subactor(s) deregistering from the arbiter.
    """
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(
            partial(
                close_chans_before_nursery,
                arb_addr,
                use_signal,
                remote_arbiter=True,
            ),
        )
--- a/tests/test_docs_examples.py
+++ b/tests/test_docs_examples.py
@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Let's make sure them docs work yah?
 '''
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 import itertools
 import os
 import sys
 import subprocess
 import platform
 import shutil
 import pytest
 from conftest import (
    examples_dir,
 )
@pytest.fixture
 def run_example_in_subproc(
    loglevel: str,
    testdir,
    arb_addr: tuple[str, int],
 ):
    @contextmanager
    def run(script_code):
        kwargs = dict()
        if platform.system() == 'Windows':
            # on windows we need to create a special __main__.py which will
            # be executed with ``python -m <modulename>`` on windows..
            shutil.copyfile(
                examples_dir() / '__main__.py',
                str(testdir / '__main__.py'),
            )
            # drop the ``if __name__ == '__main__'`` guard onwards from
            # the *NIX version of each script
            windows_script_lines = itertools.takewhile(
                lambda line: "if __name__ ==" not in line,
                script_code.splitlines()
            )
            script_code = '\n'.join(windows_script_lines)
            script_file = testdir.makefile('.py', script_code)
            # without this, tests hang on windows forever
            kwargs['creationflags'] = subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
            # run the testdir "libary module" as a script
            cmdargs = [
                sys.executable,
                '-m',
                # use the "module name" of this "package"
                'test_example'
            ]
        else:
            script_file = testdir.makefile('.py', script_code)
            cmdargs = [
                sys.executable,
                str(script_file),
            ]
        # XXX: BE FOREVER WARNED: if you enable lots of tractor logging
        # in the subprocess it may cause infinite blocking on the pipes
        # due to backpressure!!!
        proc = testdir.popen(
            cmdargs,
            **kwargs,
        )
        assert not proc.returncode
        yield proc
        proc.wait()
        assert proc.returncode == 0
    yield run
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'example_script',
    # walk yields: (dirpath, dirnames, filenames)
    [
        (p[0], f) for p in os.walk(examples_dir()) for f in p[2]
        if '__' not in f
        and f[0] != '_'
        and 'debugging' not in p[0]
        and 'integration' not in p[0]
        and 'advanced_faults' not in p[0]
    ],
    ids=lambda t: t[1],
 )
 def test_example(run_example_in_subproc, example_script):
    """Load and run scripts from this repo's ``examples/`` dir as a user
    would copy and pasing them into their editor.
    On windows a little more "finessing" is done to make
    ``multiprocessing`` play nice: we copy the ``__main__.py`` into the
    test directory and invoke the script as a module with ``python -m
    test_example``.
    """
    ex_file = os.path.join(*example_script)
    if 'rpc_bidir_streaming' in ex_file and sys.version_info < (3, 9):
        pytest.skip("2-way streaming example requires py3.9 async with syntax")
    with open(ex_file, 'r') as ex:
        code = ex.read()
        with run_example_in_subproc(code) as proc:
            proc.wait()
            err, _ = proc.stderr.read(), proc.stdout.read()
            # print(f'STDERR: {err}')
            # print(f'STDOUT: {out}')
            # if we get some gnarly output let's aggregate and raise
            if err:
                errmsg = err.decode()
                errlines = errmsg.splitlines()
                last_error = errlines[-1]
                if (
                    'Error' in last_error
                    # XXX: currently we print this to console, but maybe
                    # shouldn't eventually once we figure out what's
                    # a better way to be explicit about aio side
                    # cancels?
                    and 'asyncio.exceptions.CancelledError' not in last_error
                ):
                    raise Exception(errmsg)
            assert proc.returncode == 0
--- a/tests/test_infected_asyncio.py
+++ b/tests/test_infected_asyncio.py
@ -1,564 +0,0 @@
 '''
 The hipster way to force SC onto the stdlib's "async": 'infection mode'.
 '''
 from typing import Optional, Iterable, Union
 import asyncio
 import builtins
 import itertools
 import importlib
 from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 from tractor import (
    to_asyncio,
    RemoteActorError,
 )
 from tractor.trionics import BroadcastReceiver
 async def sleep_and_err(
    sleep_for: float = 0.1,
    # just signature placeholders for compat with
    # ``to_asyncio.open_channel_from()``
    to_trio: Optional[trio.MemorySendChannel] = None,
    from_trio: Optional[asyncio.Queue] = None,
 ):
    if to_trio:
        to_trio.send_nowait('start')
    await asyncio.sleep(sleep_for)
    assert 0
 async def sleep_forever():
    await asyncio.sleep(float('inf'))
 async def trio_cancels_single_aio_task():
    # spawn an ``asyncio`` task to run a func and return result
    with trio.move_on_after(.2):
        await tractor.to_asyncio.run_task(sleep_forever)
 def test_trio_cancels_aio_on_actor_side(arb_addr):
    '''
    Spawn an infected actor that is cancelled by the ``trio`` side
    task using std cancel scope apis.
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery(
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr
        ) as n:
            await n.run_in_actor(
                trio_cancels_single_aio_task,
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
    trio.run(main)
 async def asyncio_actor(
    target: str,
    expect_err: Optional[Exception] = None
 ) -> None:
    assert tractor.current_actor().is_infected_aio()
    target = globals()[target]
    if '.' in expect_err:
        modpath, _, name = expect_err.rpartition('.')
        mod = importlib.import_module(modpath)
        error_type = getattr(mod, name)
    else:  # toplevel builtin error type
        error_type = builtins.__dict__.get(expect_err)
    try:
        # spawn an ``asyncio`` task to run a func and return result
        await tractor.to_asyncio.run_task(target)
    except BaseException as err:
        if expect_err:
            assert isinstance(err, error_type)
        raise
 def test_aio_simple_error(arb_addr):
    '''
    Verify a simple remote asyncio error propagates back through trio
    to the parent actor.
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery(
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr
        ) as n:
            await n.run_in_actor(
                asyncio_actor,
                target='sleep_and_err',
                expect_err='AssertionError',
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
    with pytest.raises(RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    err = excinfo.value
    assert isinstance(err, RemoteActorError)
    assert err.type == AssertionError
 def test_tractor_cancels_aio(arb_addr):
    '''
    Verify we can cancel a spawned asyncio task gracefully.
    '''
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
                asyncio_actor,
                target='sleep_forever',
                expect_err='trio.Cancelled',
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
            # cancel the entire remote runtime
            await portal.cancel_actor()
    trio.run(main)
 def test_trio_cancels_aio(arb_addr):
    '''
    Much like the above test with ``tractor.Portal.cancel_actor()``
    except we just use a standard ``trio`` cancellation api.
    '''
    async def main():
        with trio.move_on_after(1):
            # cancel the nursery shortly after boot
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                await n.run_in_actor(
                    asyncio_actor,
                    target='sleep_forever',
                    expect_err='trio.Cancelled',
                    infect_asyncio=True,
                )
    trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
 async def trio_ctx(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ):
    await ctx.started('start')
    # this will block until the ``asyncio`` task sends a "first"
    # message.
    with trio.fail_after(2):
        async with (
            trio.open_nursery() as n,
            tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
                sleep_and_err,
            ) as (first, chan),
        ):
            assert first == 'start'
            # spawn another asyncio task for the cuck of it.
            n.start_soon(
                tractor.to_asyncio.run_task,
                sleep_forever,
            )
            await trio.sleep_forever()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'parent_cancels', [False, True],
    ids='parent_actor_cancels_child={}'.format
 )
 def test_context_spawns_aio_task_that_errors(
    arb_addr,
    parent_cancels: bool,
 ):
    '''
    Verify that spawning a task via an intertask channel ctx mngr that
    errors correctly propagates the error back from the `asyncio`-side
    task.
    '''
    async def main():
        with trio.fail_after(2):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                p = await n.start_actor(
                    'aio_daemon',
                    enable_modules=[__name__],
                    infect_asyncio=True,
                    # debug_mode=True,
                    loglevel='cancel',
                )
                async with p.open_context(
                    trio_ctx,
                ) as (ctx, first):
                    assert first == 'start'
                    if parent_cancels:
                        await p.cancel_actor()
                    await trio.sleep_forever()
    with pytest.raises(RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    err = excinfo.value
    assert isinstance(err, RemoteActorError)
    if parent_cancels:
        assert err.type == trio.Cancelled
    else:
        assert err.type == AssertionError
 async def aio_cancel():
    ''''
    Cancel urself boi.
    '''
    await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
    task = asyncio.current_task()
    # cancel and enter sleep
    task.cancel()
    await sleep_forever()
 def test_aio_cancelled_from_aio_causes_trio_cancelled(arb_addr):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            await n.run_in_actor(
                asyncio_actor,
                target='aio_cancel',
                expect_err='tractor.to_asyncio.AsyncioCancelled',
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
    with pytest.raises(RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    # ensure boxed error is correct
    assert excinfo.value.type == to_asyncio.AsyncioCancelled
 # TODO: verify open_channel_from will fail on this..
 async def no_to_trio_in_args():
    pass
 async def push_from_aio_task(
    sequence: Iterable,
    to_trio: trio.abc.SendChannel,
    expect_cancel: False,
    fail_early: bool,
 ) -> None:
    try:
        # sync caller ctx manager
        to_trio.send_nowait(True)
        for i in sequence:
            print(f'asyncio sending {i}')
            to_trio.send_nowait(i)
            await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
            if i == 50 and fail_early:
                raise Exception
        print('asyncio streamer complete!')
    except asyncio.CancelledError:
        if not expect_cancel:
            pytest.fail("aio task was cancelled unexpectedly")
        raise
    else:
        if expect_cancel:
            pytest.fail("aio task wasn't cancelled as expected!?")
 async def stream_from_aio(
    exit_early: bool = False,
    raise_err: bool = False,
    aio_raise_err: bool = False,
    fan_out: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    seq = range(100)
    expect = list(seq)
    try:
        pulled = []
        async with to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
            push_from_aio_task,
            sequence=seq,
            expect_cancel=raise_err or exit_early,
            fail_early=aio_raise_err,
        ) as (first, chan):
            assert first is True
            async def consume(
                chan: Union[
                    to_asyncio.LinkedTaskChannel,
                    BroadcastReceiver,
                ],
            ):
                async for value in chan:
                    print(f'trio received {value}')
                    pulled.append(value)
                    if value == 50:
                        if raise_err:
                            raise Exception
                        elif exit_early:
                            break
            if fan_out:
                # start second task that get's the same stream value set.
                async with (
                    # NOTE: this has to come first to avoid
                    # the channel being closed before the nursery
                    # tasks are joined..
                    chan.subscribe() as br,
                    trio.open_nursery() as n,
                ):
                    n.start_soon(consume, br)
                    await consume(chan)
            else:
                await consume(chan)
    finally:
        if (
            not raise_err and
            not exit_early and
            not aio_raise_err
        ):
            if fan_out:
                # we get double the pulled values in the
                # ``.subscribe()`` fan out case.
                doubled = list(itertools.chain(*zip(expect, expect)))
                expect = doubled[:len(pulled)]
                assert list(sorted(pulled)) == expect
            else:
                assert pulled == expect
        else:
            assert not fan_out
            assert pulled == expect[:51]
        print('trio guest mode task completed!')
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'fan_out', [False, True],
    ids='fan_out_w_chan_subscribe={}'.format
 )
 def test_basic_interloop_channel_stream(arb_addr, fan_out):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
                stream_from_aio,
                infect_asyncio=True,
                fan_out=fan_out,
            )
            await portal.result()
    trio.run(main)
 # TODO: parametrize the above test and avoid the duplication here?
 def test_trio_error_cancels_intertask_chan(arb_addr):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
                stream_from_aio,
                raise_err=True,
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
            # should trigger remote actor error
            await portal.result()
    with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    # ensure boxed errors
    for exc in excinfo.value.exceptions:
        assert exc.type == Exception
 def test_trio_closes_early_and_channel_exits(arb_addr):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
                stream_from_aio,
                exit_early=True,
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
            # should trigger remote actor error
            await portal.result()
    # should be a quiet exit on a simple channel exit
    trio.run(main)
 def test_aio_errors_and_channel_propagates_and_closes(arb_addr):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
                stream_from_aio,
                aio_raise_err=True,
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
            # should trigger remote actor error
            await portal.result()
    with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup) as excinfo:
        trio.run(main)
    # ensure boxed errors
    for exc in excinfo.value.exceptions:
        assert exc.type == Exception
@tractor.context
 async def trio_to_aio_echo_server(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
 ):
    async def aio_echo_server(
        to_trio: trio.MemorySendChannel,
        from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
    ) -> None:
        to_trio.send_nowait('start')
        while True:
            msg = await from_trio.get()
            # echo the msg back
            to_trio.send_nowait(msg)
            # if we get the terminate sentinel
            # break the echo loop
            if msg is None:
                print('breaking aio echo loop')
                break
        print('exiting asyncio task')
    async with to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
        aio_echo_server,
    ) as (first, chan):
        assert first == 'start'
        await ctx.started(first)
        async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
            async for msg in stream:
                print(f'asyncio echoing {msg}')
                await chan.send(msg)
                out = await chan.receive()
                # echo back to parent actor-task
                await stream.send(out)
                if out is None:
                    try:
                        out = await chan.receive()
                    except trio.EndOfChannel:
                        break
                    else:
                        raise RuntimeError('aio channel never stopped?')
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'raise_error_mid_stream',
    [False, Exception, KeyboardInterrupt],
    ids='raise_error={}'.format,
 )
 def test_echoserver_detailed_mechanics(
    arb_addr,
    raise_error_mid_stream,
 ):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            p = await n.start_actor(
                'aio_server',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
                infect_asyncio=True,
            )
            async with p.open_context(
                trio_to_aio_echo_server,
            ) as (ctx, first):
                assert first == 'start'
                async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                    for i in range(100):
                        await stream.send(i)
                        out = await stream.receive()
                        assert i == out
                        if raise_error_mid_stream and i == 50:
                            raise raise_error_mid_stream
                    # send terminate msg
                    await stream.send(None)
                    out = await stream.receive()
                    assert out is None
                    if out is None:
                        # ensure the stream is stopped
                        # with trio.fail_after(0.1):
                        try:
                            await stream.receive()
                        except trio.EndOfChannel:
                            pass
                        else:
                            pytest.fail(
                                "stream wasn't stopped after sentinel?!")
            # TODO: the case where this blocks and
            # is cancelled by kbi or out of task cancellation
            await p.cancel_actor()
    if raise_error_mid_stream:
        with pytest.raises(raise_error_mid_stream):
            trio.run(main)
    else:
        trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_legacy_one_way_streaming.py
+++ b/tests/test_legacy_one_way_streaming.py
@ -1,352 +0,0 @@
 """
 Streaming via async gen api
 """
 import time
 from functools import partial
 import platform
 import trio
 import tractor
 import pytest
 from conftest import tractor_test
 def test_must_define_ctx():
    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as err:
        @tractor.stream
        async def no_ctx():
            pass
    assert "no_ctx must be `ctx: tractor.Context" in str(err.value)
    @tractor.stream
    async def has_ctx(ctx):
        pass
 async def async_gen_stream(sequence):
    for i in sequence:
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
    # block indefinitely waiting to be cancelled by ``aclose()`` call
    with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
        await trio.sleep_forever()
        assert 0
    assert cs.cancelled_caught
@tractor.stream
 async def context_stream(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    sequence
 ):
    for i in sequence:
        await ctx.send_yield(i)
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
    # block indefinitely waiting to be cancelled by ``aclose()`` call
    with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
        await trio.sleep(float('inf'))
        assert 0
    assert cs.cancelled_caught
 async def stream_from_single_subactor(
    arb_addr,
    start_method,
    stream_func,
 ):
    """Verify we can spawn a daemon actor and retrieve streamed data.
    """
    # only one per host address, spawns an actor if None
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        start_method=start_method,
    ) as nursery:
        async with tractor.find_actor('streamerd') as portals:
            if not portals:
                # no brokerd actor found
                portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                    'streamerd',
                    enable_modules=[__name__],
                )
                seq = range(10)
                with trio.fail_after(5):
                    async with portal.open_stream_from(
                        stream_func,
                        sequence=list(seq),  # has to be msgpack serializable
                    ) as stream:
                        # it'd sure be nice to have an asyncitertools here...
                        iseq = iter(seq)
                        ival = next(iseq)
                        async for val in stream:
                            assert val == ival
                            try:
                                ival = next(iseq)
                            except StopIteration:
                                # should cancel far end task which will be
                                # caught and no error is raised
                                await stream.aclose()
                        await trio.sleep(0.3)
                        # ensure EOC signalled-state translates
                        # XXX: not really sure this is correct,
                        # shouldn't it be a `ClosedResourceError`?
                        try:
                            await stream.__anext__()
                        except StopAsyncIteration:
                            # stop all spawned subactors
                            await portal.cancel_actor()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'stream_func', [async_gen_stream, context_stream]
 )
 def test_stream_from_single_subactor(arb_addr, start_method, stream_func):
    """Verify streaming from a spawned async generator.
    """
    trio.run(
        partial(
            stream_from_single_subactor,
            arb_addr,
            start_method,
            stream_func=stream_func,
        ),
    )
 # this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
 async def stream_data(seed):
    for i in range(seed):
        yield i
        # trigger scheduler to simulate practical usage
        await trio.sleep(0.0001)
 # this is the third actor; the aggregator
 async def aggregate(seed):
    """Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
    a single set of values to the parent.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
        portals = []
        for i in range(1, 3):
            # fork point
            portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                name=f'streamer_{i}',
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            portals.append(portal)
        send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(500)
        async def push_to_chan(portal, send_chan):
            async with send_chan:
                async with portal.open_stream_from(
                    stream_data, seed=seed,
                ) as stream:
                    async for value in stream:
                        # leverage trio's built-in backpressure
                        await send_chan.send(value)
            print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
        # spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            for portal in portals:
                n.start_soon(push_to_chan, portal, send_chan.clone())
            # close this local task's reference to send side
            await send_chan.aclose()
            unique_vals = set()
            async with recv_chan:
                async for value in recv_chan:
                    if value not in unique_vals:
                        unique_vals.add(value)
                        # yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
                        yield value
                assert value in unique_vals
            print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
        await nursery.cancel()
        print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
    print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
 # this is the main actor and *arbiter*
 async def a_quadruple_example():
    # a nursery which spawns "actors"
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
        seed = int(1e3)
        pre_start = time.time()
        portal = await nursery.start_actor(
            name='aggregator',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        start = time.time()
        # the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
        # as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
        result_stream = []
        async with portal.open_stream_from(aggregate, seed=seed) as stream:
            async for value in stream:
                result_stream.append(value)
        print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
        print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
        assert result_stream == list(range(seed))
        await portal.cancel_actor()
        return result_stream
 async def cancel_after(wait, arb_addr):
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(arbiter_addr=arb_addr):
        with trio.move_on_after(wait):
            return await a_quadruple_example()
@pytest.fixture(scope='module')
 def time_quad_ex(arb_addr, ci_env, spawn_backend):
    if spawn_backend == 'mp':
        """no idea but the  mp *nix runs are flaking out here often...
        """
        pytest.skip("Test is too flaky on mp in CI")
    timeout = 7 if platform.system() in ('Windows', 'Darwin') else 4
    start = time.time()
    results = trio.run(cancel_after, timeout, arb_addr)
    diff = time.time() - start
    assert results
    return results, diff
 def test_a_quadruple_example(time_quad_ex, ci_env, spawn_backend):
    """This also serves as a kind of "we'd like to be this fast test"."""
    results, diff = time_quad_ex
    assert results
    this_fast = 6 if platform.system() in ('Windows', 'Darwin') else 3
    assert diff < this_fast
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'cancel_delay',
    list(map(lambda i: i/10, range(3, 9)))
 )
 def test_not_fast_enough_quad(
    arb_addr, time_quad_ex, cancel_delay, ci_env, spawn_backend
 ):
    """Verify we can cancel midway through the quad example and all actors
    cancel gracefully.
    """
    results, diff = time_quad_ex
    delay = max(diff - cancel_delay, 0)
    results = trio.run(cancel_after, delay, arb_addr)
    system = platform.system()
    if system in ('Windows', 'Darwin') and results is not None:
        # In CI envoirments it seems later runs are quicker then the first
        # so just ignore these
        print(f"Woa there {system} caught your breath eh?")
    else:
        # should be cancelled mid-streaming
        assert results is None
@tractor_test
 async def test_respawn_consumer_task(
    arb_addr,
    spawn_backend,
    loglevel,
 ):
    """Verify that ``._portal.ReceiveStream.shield()``
    sucessfully protects the underlying IPC channel from being closed
    when cancelling and respawning a consumer task.
    This also serves to verify that all values from the stream can be
    received despite the respawns.
    """
    stream = None
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            name='streamer',
            enable_modules=[__name__]
        )
        async with portal.open_stream_from(
            stream_data,
            seed=11,
        ) as stream:
            expect = set(range(11))
            received = []
            # this is the re-spawn task routine
            async def consume(task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED):
                print('starting consume task..')
                nonlocal stream
                with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
                    task_status.started(cs)
                    # shield stream's underlying channel from cancellation
                    # with stream.shield():
                    async for v in stream:
                        print(f'from stream: {v}')
                        expect.remove(v)
                        received.append(v)
                    print('exited consume')
            async with trio.open_nursery() as ln:
                cs = await ln.start(consume)
                while True:
                    await trio.sleep(0.1)
                    if received[-1] % 2 == 0:
                        print('cancelling consume task..')
                        cs.cancel()
                        # respawn
                        cs = await ln.start(consume)
                    if not expect:
                        print("all values streamed, BREAKING")
                        break
                cs.cancel()
        # TODO: this is justification for a
        # ``ActorNursery.stream_from_actor()`` helper?
        await portal.cancel_actor()
--- a/tests/test_local.py
+++ b/tests/test_local.py
@ -11,26 +11,32 @@ from conftest import tractor_test
@pytest.mark.trio
-async def test_no_runtime():
+async def test_no_arbitter():
    """An arbitter must be established before any nurseries
    can be created.
-    (In other words ``tractor.open_root_actor()`` must be engaged at
+    (In other words ``tractor.run`` must be used instead of ``trio.run`` as is
-    some point?)
+    done by the ``pytest-trio`` plugin.)
    """
-    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) :
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
-        async with tractor.find_actor('doggy'):
+        with tractor.open_nursery():
            pass
 def test_no_main():
    """An async function **must** be passed to ``tractor.run()``.
    """
    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
        tractor.run(None)
@tractor_test
-async def test_self_is_registered(arb_addr):
+async def test_self_is_registered():
    "Verify waiting on the arbiter to register itself using the standard api."
    actor = tractor.current_actor()
    assert actor.is_arbiter
-    with trio.fail_after(0.2):
+    async with tractor.wait_for_actor('arbiter') as portal:
-        async with tractor.wait_for_actor('root') as portal:
+        assert portal.channel.uid[0] == 'arbiter'
            assert portal.channel.uid[0] == 'root'
@tractor_test
@ -40,10 +46,7 @@ async def test_self_is_registered_localportal(arb_addr):
    assert actor.is_arbiter
    async with tractor.get_arbiter(*arb_addr) as portal:
        assert isinstance(portal, tractor._portal.LocalPortal)
-
+        sockaddr = await portal.run('self', 'wait_for_actor', name='arbiter')
        with trio.fail_after(0.2):
            sockaddr = await portal.run_from_ns(
                    'self', 'wait_for_actor', name='root')
        assert sockaddr[0] == arb_addr
@ -53,10 +56,6 @@ def test_local_actor_async_func(arb_addr):
    nums = []
    async def print_loop():
        async with tractor.open_root_actor(
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ):
        # arbiter is started in-proc if dne
        assert tractor.current_actor().is_arbiter
@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def test_local_actor_async_func(arb_addr):
            await trio.sleep(0.1)
    start = time.time()
-    trio.run(print_loop)
+    tractor.run(print_loop, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
    # ensure the sleeps were actually awaited
    assert time.time() - start >= 1
--- a/tests/test_multi_program.py
+++ b/tests/test_multi_program.py
@ -1,18 +1,65 @@
 """
-Multiple python programs invoking the runtime.
+Multiple python programs invoking ``tractor.run()``
 """
 import platform
 import sys
 import time
 import signal
 import subprocess
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
-from conftest import (
+from conftest import tractor_test
-    tractor_test,
+
-    sig_prog,
+# Sending signal.SIGINT on subprocess fails on windows. Use CTRL_* alternatives
-    _INT_SIGNAL,
+if platform.system() == 'Windows':
-    _INT_RETURN_CODE,
+    _KILL_SIGNAL = signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT
-)
+    _INT_SIGNAL = signal.CTRL_C_EVENT
    _INT_RETURN_CODE = 3221225786
    _PROC_SPAWN_WAIT = 2
 else:
    _KILL_SIGNAL = signal.SIGKILL
    _INT_SIGNAL = signal.SIGINT
    _INT_RETURN_CODE = 1 if sys.version_info < (3, 8) else -signal.SIGINT.value
    _PROC_SPAWN_WAIT = 0.6 if sys.version_info < (3, 7) else 0.4
 def sig_prog(proc, sig):
    "Kill the actor-process with ``sig``."
    proc.send_signal(sig)
    time.sleep(0.1)
    if not proc.poll():
        # TODO: why sometimes does SIGINT not work on teardown?
        # seems to happen only when trace logging enabled?
        proc.send_signal(_KILL_SIGNAL)
    ret = proc.wait()
    assert ret
@pytest.fixture
 def daemon(loglevel, testdir, arb_addr):
    cmdargs = [
        sys.executable, '-c',
        "import tractor; tractor.run_daemon((), arbiter_addr={}, loglevel={})"
        .format(
            arb_addr,
            "'{}'".format(loglevel) if loglevel else None)
    ]
    kwargs = dict()
    if platform.system() == 'Windows':
        # without this, tests hang on windows forever
        kwargs['creationflags'] = subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
    proc = testdir.popen(
        cmdargs,
        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
        **kwargs,
    )
    assert not proc.returncode
    time.sleep(_PROC_SPAWN_WAIT)
    yield proc
    sig_prog(proc, _INT_SIGNAL)
 def test_abort_on_sigint(daemon):
@ -20,7 +67,6 @@ def test_abort_on_sigint(daemon):
    time.sleep(0.1)
    sig_prog(daemon, _INT_SIGNAL)
    assert daemon.returncode == _INT_RETURN_CODE
    # XXX: oddly, couldn't get capfd.readouterr() to work here?
    if platform.system() != 'Windows':
        # don't check stderr on windows as its empty when sending CTRL_C_EVENT
@ -46,13 +92,8 @@ async def test_cancel_remote_arbiter(daemon, arb_addr):
 def test_register_duplicate_name(daemon, arb_addr):
    async def main():
        async with tractor.open_nursery(
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ) as n:
        assert not tractor.current_actor().is_arbiter
-
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            p1 = await n.start_actor('doggy')
            p2 = await n.start_actor('doggy')
@ -63,4 +104,4 @@ def test_register_duplicate_name(daemon, arb_addr):
    # run it manually since we want to start **after**
    # the other "daemon" program
-    trio.run(main)
+    tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
--- a/tests/test_pubsub.py
+++ b/tests/test_pubsub.py
@ -4,22 +4,20 @@ from itertools import cycle
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
-from tractor.experimental import msgpub
+from tractor.testing import tractor_test
 from conftest import tractor_test
 def test_type_checks():
    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as err:
-        @msgpub
+        @tractor.msg.pub
        async def no_get_topics(yo):
            yield
    assert "must define a `get_topics`" in str(err.value)
    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as err:
-        @msgpub
+        @tractor.msg.pub
        def not_async_gen(yo):
            pass
@ -30,27 +28,22 @@ def is_even(i):
    return i % 2 == 0
-# placeholder for topics getter
+@tractor.msg.pub
 _get_topics = None
@msgpub
 async def pubber(get_topics, seed=10):
-
+    ss = tractor.current_actor().statespace
    # ensure topic subscriptions are as expected
    global _get_topics
    _get_topics = get_topics
    for i in cycle(range(seed)):
        # ensure topic subscriptions are as expected
        ss['get_topics'] = get_topics
        yield {'even' if is_even(i) else 'odd': i}
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
 async def subs(
-    which,
+    which, pub_actor_name, seed=10,
-    pub_actor_name,
+    portal=None,
    seed=10,
    task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
 ):
    if len(which) == 1:
@ -63,15 +56,12 @@ async def subs(
        def pred(i):
            return isinstance(i, int)
-    # TODO: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/207
+    async with tractor.find_actor(pub_actor_name) as portal:
-    async with tractor.wait_for_actor(pub_actor_name) as portal:
+        stream = await portal.run(
-        assert portal
+            __name__, 'pubber',
        async with portal.open_stream_from(
            pubber,
            topics=which,
            seed=seed,
-        ) as stream:
+        )
        task_status.started(stream)
        times = 10
        count = 0
@ -85,11 +75,12 @@ async def subs(
        await stream.aclose()
-        async with portal.open_stream_from(
+        stream = await portal.run(
-            pubber,
+            __name__, 'pubber',
            topics=['odd'],
            seed=seed,
-        ) as stream:
+        )
        await stream.__anext__()
        count = 0
        # async with aclosing(stream) as stream:
@ -105,7 +96,7 @@ async def subs(
            await stream.aclose()
-@msgpub(tasks=['one', 'two'])
+@tractor.msg.pub(tasks=['one', 'two'])
 async def multilock_pubber(get_topics):
    yield {'doggy': 10}
@ -133,26 +124,18 @@ async def test_required_args(callwith_expecterror):
            await func(**kwargs)
    else:
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
-
+            # await func(**kwargs)
-            portal = await n.start_actor(
+            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
-                name='pubber',
+                'pubber', multilock_pubber, **kwargs)
                enable_modules=[__name__],
            )
            async with tractor.wait_for_actor('pubber'):
                pass
            await trio.sleep(0.5)
-            async with portal.open_stream_from(
+            async for val in await portal.result():
                multilock_pubber,
                **kwargs
            ) as stream:
                async for val in stream:
                assert val == {'doggy': 10}
            await portal.cancel_actor()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'pub_actor',
@ -165,49 +148,35 @@ def test_multi_actor_subs_arbiter_pub(
 ):
    """Try out the neato @pub decorator system.
    """
    global _get_topics
    async def main():
        ss = tractor.current_actor().statespace
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        ) as n:
-            name = 'root'
+            name = 'arbiter'
            if pub_actor == 'streamer':
                # start the publisher as a daemon
                master_portal = await n.start_actor(
                    'streamer',
-                    enable_modules=[__name__],
+                    rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
                )
                name = 'streamer'
            even_portal = await n.run_in_actor(
-                subs,
+                'evens', subs, which=['even'], pub_actor_name=name)
                which=['even'],
                name='evens',
                pub_actor_name=name
            )
            odd_portal = await n.run_in_actor(
-                subs,
+                'odds', subs, which=['odd'], pub_actor_name=name)
                which=['odd'],
                name='odds',
                pub_actor_name=name
            )
            async with tractor.wait_for_actor('evens'):
                # block until 2nd actor is initialized
                pass
            if pub_actor == 'arbiter':
                # wait for publisher task to be spawned in a local RPC task
-                while _get_topics is None:
+                while not ss.get('get_topics'):
                    await trio.sleep(0.1)
-                get_topics = _get_topics
+                get_topics = ss.get('get_topics')
                assert 'even' in get_topics()
@ -235,22 +204,27 @@ def test_multi_actor_subs_arbiter_pub(
            await trio.sleep(0.5)
            await even_portal.cancel_actor()
-            await trio.sleep(1)
+            await trio.sleep(0.5)
            if pub_actor == 'arbiter':
                assert 'even' not in get_topics()
            await odd_portal.cancel_actor()
            await trio.sleep(1)
            if pub_actor == 'arbiter':
                while get_topics():
                    await trio.sleep(0.1)
-                    if time.time() - start > 2:
+                    if time.time() - start > 1:
                        pytest.fail("odds subscription never dropped?")
            else:
                await master_portal.cancel_actor()
-    trio.run(main)
+    tractor.run(
        main,
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
    )
 def test_single_subactor_pub_multitask_subs(
@ -259,14 +233,11 @@ def test_single_subactor_pub_multitask_subs(
 ):
    async def main():
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        ) as n:
            portal = await n.start_actor(
                'streamer',
-                enable_modules=[__name__],
+                rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
            )
            async with tractor.wait_for_actor('streamer'):
                # block until 2nd actor is initialized
@ -290,4 +261,8 @@ def test_single_subactor_pub_multitask_subs(
            await portal.cancel_actor()
-    trio.run(main)
+    tractor.run(
        main,
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
    )
--- a/tests/test_resource_cache.py
+++ b/tests/test_resource_cache.py
@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Async context manager cache api testing: ``trionics.maybe_open_context():``
 '''
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
 import platform
 from typing import Awaitable
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 _resource: int = 0
@acm
 async def maybe_increment_counter(task_name: str):
    global _resource
    _resource += 1
    await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
    yield _resource
    await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
    _resource -= 1
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'key_on',
    ['key_value', 'kwargs'],
    ids="key_on={}".format,
 )
 def test_resource_only_entered_once(key_on):
    global _resource
    _resource = 0
    kwargs = {}
    key = None
    if key_on == 'key_value':
        key = 'some_common_key'
    async def main():
        cache_active: bool = False
        async def enter_cached_mngr(name: str):
            nonlocal cache_active
            if key_on == 'kwargs':
                # make a common kwargs input to key on it
                kwargs = {'task_name': 'same_task_name'}
                assert key is None
            else:
                # different task names per task will be used
                kwargs = {'task_name': name}
            async with tractor.trionics.maybe_open_context(
                maybe_increment_counter,
                kwargs=kwargs,
                key=key,
            ) as (cache_hit, resource):
                if cache_hit:
                    try:
                        cache_active = True
                        assert resource == 1
                        await trio.sleep_forever()
                    finally:
                        cache_active = False
                else:
                    assert resource == 1
                    await trio.sleep_forever()
        with trio.move_on_after(0.5):
            async with (
                tractor.open_root_actor(),
                trio.open_nursery() as n,
            ):
                for i in range(10):
                    n.start_soon(enter_cached_mngr, f'task_{i}')
                    await trio.sleep(0.001)
    trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
 async def streamer(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    seq: list[int] = list(range(1000)),
 ) -> None:
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        for val in seq:
            await stream.send(val)
            await trio.sleep(0.001)
    print('producer finished')
@acm
 async def open_stream() -> Awaitable[tractor.MsgStream]:
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
        portal = await tn.start_actor('streamer', enable_modules=[__name__])
        async with (
            portal.open_context(streamer) as (ctx, first),
            ctx.open_stream() as stream,
        ):
            yield stream
        await portal.cancel_actor()
    print('CANCELLED STREAMER')
@acm
 async def maybe_open_stream(taskname: str):
    async with tractor.trionics.maybe_open_context(
        # NOTE: all secondary tasks should cache hit on the same key
        acm_func=open_stream,
    ) as (cache_hit, stream):
        if cache_hit:
            print(f'{taskname} loaded from cache')
            # add a new broadcast subscription for the quote stream
            # if this feed is already allocated by the first
            # task that entereed
            async with stream.subscribe() as bstream:
                yield bstream
        else:
            # yield the actual stream
            yield stream
 def test_open_local_sub_to_stream():
    '''
    Verify a single inter-actor stream can can be fanned-out shared to
    N local tasks using ``trionics.maybe_open_context():``.
    '''
    timeout = 3 if platform.system() != "Windows" else 10
    async def main():
        full = list(range(1000))
        async def get_sub_and_pull(taskname: str):
            async with (
                maybe_open_stream(taskname) as stream,
            ):
                if '0' in taskname:
                    assert isinstance(stream, tractor.MsgStream)
                else:
                    assert isinstance(
                        stream,
                        tractor.trionics.BroadcastReceiver
                    )
                first = await stream.receive()
                print(f'{taskname} started with value {first}')
                seq = []
                async for msg in stream:
                    seq.append(msg)
                assert set(seq).issubset(set(full))
            print(f'{taskname} finished')
        with trio.fail_after(timeout):
            # TODO: turns out this isn't multi-task entrant XD
            # We probably need an indepotent entry semantic?
            async with tractor.open_root_actor():
                async with (
                    trio.open_nursery() as nurse,
                ):
                    for i in range(10):
                        nurse.start_soon(get_sub_and_pull, f'task_{i}')
                        await trio.sleep(0.001)
                print('all consumer tasks finished')
    trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_rpc.py
+++ b/tests/test_rpc.py
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def test_rpc_errors(arb_addr, to_call, testdir):
    exposed_mods, funcname, inside_err = to_call
    subactor_exposed_mods = []
    func_defined = globals().get(funcname, False)
-    subactor_requests_to = 'root'
+    subactor_requests_to = 'arbiter'
    remote_err = tractor.RemoteActorError
    # remote module that fails at import time
@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def test_rpc_errors(arb_addr, to_call, testdir):
        # module should raise a ModuleNotFoundError at import
        testdir.makefile('.py', tmp_mod=funcname)
-        # no need to expose module to the subactor
+        # no need to exposed module to the subactor
        subactor_exposed_mods = exposed_mods
        exposed_mods = []
        func_defined = False
@ -74,31 +74,29 @@ def test_rpc_errors(arb_addr, to_call, testdir):
        remote_err = inside_err
    async def main():
        # spawn a subactor which calls us back
        async with tractor.open_nursery(
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
            enable_modules=exposed_mods.copy(),
        ) as n:
        actor = tractor.current_actor()
        assert actor.is_arbiter
        # spawn a subactor which calls us back
        async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
            await n.run_in_actor(
                'subactor',
                sleep_back_actor,
                actor_name=subactor_requests_to,
                name='subactor',
                # function from the local exposed module space
                # the subactor will invoke when it RPCs back to this actor
                func_name=funcname,
                exposed_mods=exposed_mods,
                func_defined=True if func_defined else False,
-                enable_modules=subactor_exposed_mods,
+                rpc_module_paths=subactor_exposed_mods,
            )
    def run():
-        trio.run(main)
+        tractor.run(
            main,
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
            rpc_module_paths=exposed_mods,
        )
    # handle both parameterized cases
    if exposed_mods and func_defined:
--- a/tests/test_runtime.py
+++ b/tests/test_runtime.py
@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
 """
 Verifying internal runtime state and undocumented extras.
 """
 import os
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 from conftest import tractor_test
 _file_path: str = ''
 def unlink_file():
    print('Removing tmp file!')
    os.remove(_file_path)
 async def crash_and_clean_tmpdir(
    tmp_file_path: str,
    error: bool = True,
 ):
    global _file_path
    _file_path = tmp_file_path
    actor = tractor.current_actor()
    actor.lifetime_stack.callback(unlink_file)
    assert os.path.isfile(tmp_file_path)
    await trio.sleep(0.1)
    if error:
        assert 0
    else:
        actor.cancel_soon()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'error_in_child',
    [True, False],
 )
@tractor_test
 async def test_lifetime_stack_wipes_tmpfile(
    tmp_path,
    error_in_child: bool,
 ):
    child_tmp_file = tmp_path / "child.txt"
    child_tmp_file.touch()
    assert child_tmp_file.exists()
    path = str(child_tmp_file)
    try:
        with trio.move_on_after(0.5):
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
                    await (  # inlined portal
                        await n.run_in_actor(
                            crash_and_clean_tmpdir,
                            tmp_file_path=path,
                            error=error_in_child,
                        )
                    ).result()
    except (
        tractor.RemoteActorError,
        tractor.BaseExceptionGroup,
    ):
        pass
    # tmp file should have been wiped by
    # teardown stack.
    assert not child_tmp_file.exists()
--- a/tests/test_spawning.py
+++ b/tests/test_spawning.py
@ -1,48 +1,32 @@
 """
 Spawning basics
 """
 from typing import Optional
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
 from conftest import tractor_test
-data_to_pass_down = {'doggy': 10, 'kitty': 4}
+statespace = {'doggy': 10, 'kitty': 4}
-async def spawn(
+async def spawn(is_arbiter):
    is_arbiter: bool,
    data: dict,
    arb_addr: tuple[str, int],
 ):
    namespaces = [__name__]
    await trio.sleep(0.1)
    async with tractor.open_root_actor(
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
    ):
    actor = tractor.current_actor()
    assert actor.is_arbiter == is_arbiter
-        data = data_to_pass_down
+    assert actor.statespace == statespace
    if actor.is_arbiter:
-
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
            async with tractor.open_nursery(
            ) as nursery:
            # forks here
            portal = await nursery.run_in_actor(
                'sub-actor',
                spawn,
                is_arbiter=False,
-                    name='sub-actor',
+                statespace=statespace,
-                    data=data,
+                rpc_module_paths=namespaces,
                    arb_addr=arb_addr,
                    enable_modules=namespaces,
            )
            assert len(nursery._children) == 1
@ -56,16 +40,17 @@ async def spawn(
 def test_local_arbiter_subactor_global_state(arb_addr):
-    result = trio.run(
+    result = tractor.run(
        spawn,
        True,
-        data_to_pass_down,
+        name='arbiter',
-        arb_addr,
+        statespace=statespace,
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
    )
    assert result == 10
-async def movie_theatre_question():
+def movie_theatre_question():
    """A question asked in a dark theatre, in a tangent
    (errr, I mean different) process.
    """
@ -81,12 +66,12 @@ async def test_movie_theatre_convo(start_method):
        portal = await n.start_actor(
            'frank',
            # enable the actor to run funcs from this current module
-            enable_modules=[__name__],
+            rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
        )
-        print(await portal.run(movie_theatre_question))
+        print(await portal.run(__name__, 'movie_theatre_question'))
        # call the subactor a 2nd time
-        print(await portal.run(movie_theatre_question))
+        print(await portal.run(__name__, 'movie_theatre_question'))
        # the async with will block here indefinitely waiting
        # for our actor "frank" to complete, we cancel 'frank'
@ -94,38 +79,21 @@ async def test_movie_theatre_convo(start_method):
        await portal.cancel_actor()
-async def cellar_door(return_value: Optional[str]):
+def cellar_door():
-    return return_value
+    return "Dang that's beautiful"
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'return_value', ["Dang that's beautiful", None],
    ids=['return_str', 'return_None'],
 )
@tractor_test
-async def test_most_beautiful_word(
+async def test_most_beautiful_word(start_method):
-    start_method,
+    """The main ``tractor`` routine.
-    return_value
+    """
 ):
    '''
    The main ``tractor`` routine.
    '''
    with trio.fail_after(1):
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
-            portal = await n.run_in_actor(
+        portal = await n.run_in_actor('some_linguist', cellar_door)
                cellar_door,
                return_value=return_value,
                name='some_linguist',
            )
            print(await portal.result())
    # The ``async with`` will unblock here since the 'some_linguist'
    # actor has completed its main task ``cellar_door``.
    # this should pull the cached final result already captured during
    # the nursery block exit.
    print(await portal.result())
@ -142,27 +110,27 @@ def test_loglevel_propagated_to_subactor(
    capfd,
    arb_addr,
 ):
-    if start_method == 'mp_forkserver':
+    if start_method == 'forkserver':
        pytest.skip(
            "a bug with `capfd` seems to make forkserver capture not work?")
    level = 'critical'
    async def main():
-        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+        async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
            name='arbiter',
            start_method=start_method,
            arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        ) as tn:
            await tn.run_in_actor(
                'log_checker',
                check_loglevel,
                loglevel=level,
                level=level,
            )
-    trio.run(main)
+    tractor.run(
-
+        main,
        name='arbiter',
        loglevel=level,
        start_method=start_method,
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
    )
    # ensure subactor spits log message on stderr
    captured = capfd.readouterr()
    assert 'yoyoyo' in captured.err
--- a/tests/test_streaming.py
+++ b/tests/test_streaming.py
@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
 """
 Streaming via async gen api
 """
 import time
 from functools import partial
 import platform
 import trio
 import tractor
 import pytest
 def test_must_define_ctx():
    with pytest.raises(TypeError) as err:
        @tractor.stream
        async def no_ctx():
            pass
    assert "no_ctx must be `ctx: tractor.Context" in str(err.value)
    @tractor.stream
    async def has_ctx(ctx):
        pass
 async def async_gen_stream(sequence):
    for i in sequence:
        yield i
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
    # block indefinitely waiting to be cancelled by ``aclose()`` call
    with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
        await trio.sleep(float('inf'))
        assert 0
    assert cs.cancelled_caught
@tractor.stream
 async def context_stream(ctx, sequence):
    for i in sequence:
        await ctx.send_yield(i)
        await trio.sleep(0.1)
    # block indefinitely waiting to be cancelled by ``aclose()`` call
    with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
        await trio.sleep(float('inf'))
        assert 0
    assert cs.cancelled_caught
 async def stream_from_single_subactor(stream_func_name):
    """Verify we can spawn a daemon actor and retrieve streamed data.
    """
    async with tractor.find_actor('streamerd') as portals:
        if not portals:
            # only one per host address, spawns an actor if None
            async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
                # no brokerd actor found
                portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                    'streamerd',
                    rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
                    statespace={'global_dict': {}},
                )
                seq = range(10)
                stream = await portal.run(
                    __name__,
                    stream_func_name,  # one of the funcs above
                    sequence=list(seq),  # has to be msgpack serializable
                )
                # it'd sure be nice to have an asyncitertools here...
                iseq = iter(seq)
                ival = next(iseq)
                async for val in stream:
                    assert val == ival
                    try:
                        ival = next(iseq)
                    except StopIteration:
                        # should cancel far end task which will be
                        # caught and no error is raised
                        await stream.aclose()
                await trio.sleep(0.3)
                try:
                    await stream.__anext__()
                except StopAsyncIteration:
                    # stop all spawned subactors
                    await portal.cancel_actor()
                # await nursery.cancel()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'stream_func', ['async_gen_stream', 'context_stream']
 )
 def test_stream_from_single_subactor(arb_addr, start_method, stream_func):
    """Verify streaming from a spawned async generator.
    """
    tractor.run(
        partial(
            stream_from_single_subactor,
            stream_func_name=stream_func,
        ),
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        start_method=start_method,
    )
 # this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
 async def stream_data(seed):
    for i in range(seed):
        yield i
        # trigger scheduler to simulate practical usage
        await trio.sleep(0)
 # this is the third actor; the aggregator
 async def aggregate(seed):
    """Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
    a single set of values to the parent.
    """
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
        portals = []
        for i in range(1, 3):
            # fork point
            portal = await nursery.start_actor(
                name=f'streamer_{i}',
                rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
            )
            portals.append(portal)
        send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(500)
        async def push_to_chan(portal, send_chan):
            async with send_chan:
                async for value in await portal.run(
                    __name__, 'stream_data', seed=seed
                ):
                    # leverage trio's built-in backpressure
                    await send_chan.send(value)
            print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
        # spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            for portal in portals:
                n.start_soon(push_to_chan, portal, send_chan.clone())
            # close this local task's reference to send side
            await send_chan.aclose()
            unique_vals = set()
            async with recv_chan:
                async for value in recv_chan:
                    if value not in unique_vals:
                        unique_vals.add(value)
                        # yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
                        yield value
                assert value in unique_vals
            print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
        await nursery.cancel()
        print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
    print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
 # this is the main actor and *arbiter*
 async def a_quadruple_example():
    # a nursery which spawns "actors"
    async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
        seed = int(1e3)
        pre_start = time.time()
        portal = await nursery.run_in_actor(
            'aggregator',
            aggregate,
            seed=seed,
        )
        start = time.time()
        # the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
        # as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
        result_stream = []
        async for value in await portal.result():
            result_stream.append(value)
        print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
        print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
        assert result_stream == list(range(seed))
        return result_stream
 async def cancel_after(wait):
    with trio.move_on_after(wait):
        return await a_quadruple_example()
@pytest.fixture(scope='module')
 def time_quad_ex(arb_addr):
    timeout = 7 if platform.system() == 'Windows' else 3
    start = time.time()
    results = tractor.run(cancel_after, timeout, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
    diff = time.time() - start
    assert results
    return results, diff
 def test_a_quadruple_example(time_quad_ex):
    """This also serves as a kind of "we'd like to be this fast test"."""
    results, diff = time_quad_ex
    assert results
    this_fast = 6 if platform.system() == 'Windows' else 2.5
    assert diff < this_fast
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'cancel_delay',
    list(map(lambda i: i/10, range(3, 9)))
 )
 def test_not_fast_enough_quad(arb_addr, time_quad_ex, cancel_delay):
    """Verify we can cancel midway through the quad example and all actors
    cancel gracefully.
    """
    results, diff = time_quad_ex
    delay = max(diff - cancel_delay, 0)
    results = tractor.run(cancel_after, delay, arbiter_addr=arb_addr)
    if platform.system() == 'Windows' and results is not None:
        # In Windows CI it seems later runs are quicker then the first
        # so just ignore these
        print("Woa there windows caught your breath eh?")
    else:
        # should be cancelled mid-streaming
        assert results is None
--- a/tests/test_task_broadcasting.py
+++ b/tests/test_task_broadcasting.py
@ -1,514 +0,0 @@
 """
 Broadcast channels for fan-out to local tasks.
 """
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from functools import partial
 from itertools import cycle
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 import pytest
 import trio
 from trio.lowlevel import current_task
 import tractor
 from tractor.trionics import (
    broadcast_receiver,
    Lagged,
 )
@tractor.context
 async def echo_sequences(
    ctx:  tractor.Context,
 ) -> None:
    '''Bidir streaming endpoint which will stream
    back any sequence it is sent item-wise.
    '''
    await ctx.started()
    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
        async for sequence in stream:
            seq = list(sequence)
            for value in seq:
                await stream.send(value)
                print(f'producer sent {value}')
 async def ensure_sequence(
    stream: tractor.MsgStream,
    sequence: list,
    delay: Optional[float] = None,
 ) -> None:
    name = current_task().name
    async with stream.subscribe() as bcaster:
        assert not isinstance(bcaster, type(stream))
        async for value in bcaster:
            print(f'{name} rx: {value}')
            assert value == sequence[0]
            sequence.remove(value)
            if delay:
                await trio.sleep(delay)
            if not sequence:
                # fully consumed
                break
@asynccontextmanager
 async def open_sequence_streamer(
    sequence: list[int],
    arb_addr: tuple[str, int],
    start_method: str,
 ) -> tractor.MsgStream:
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        arbiter_addr=arb_addr,
        start_method=start_method,
    ) as tn:
        portal = await tn.start_actor(
            'sequence_echoer',
            enable_modules=[__name__],
        )
        async with portal.open_context(
            echo_sequences,
        ) as (ctx, first):
            assert first is None
            async with ctx.open_stream(backpressure=True) as stream:
                yield stream
        await portal.cancel_actor()
 def test_stream_fan_out_to_local_subscriptions(
    arb_addr,
    start_method,
 ):
    sequence = list(range(1000))
    async def main():
        async with open_sequence_streamer(
            sequence,
            arb_addr,
            start_method,
        ) as stream:
            async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                for i in range(10):
                    n.start_soon(
                        ensure_sequence,
                        stream,
                        sequence.copy(),
                        name=f'consumer_{i}',
                    )
                await stream.send(tuple(sequence))
                async for value in stream:
                    print(f'source stream rx: {value}')
                    assert value == sequence[0]
                    sequence.remove(value)
                    if not sequence:
                        # fully consumed
                        break
    trio.run(main)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'task_delays',
    [
        (0.01, 0.001),
        (0.001, 0.01),
    ]
 )
 def test_consumer_and_parent_maybe_lag(
    arb_addr,
    start_method,
    task_delays,
 ):
    async def main():
        sequence = list(range(300))
        parent_delay, sub_delay = task_delays
        async with open_sequence_streamer(
            sequence,
            arb_addr,
            start_method,
        ) as stream:
            try:
                async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                    n.start_soon(
                        ensure_sequence,
                        stream,
                        sequence.copy(),
                        sub_delay,
                        name='consumer_task',
                    )
                    await stream.send(tuple(sequence))
                    # async for value in stream:
                    lagged = False
                    lag_count = 0
                    while True:
                        try:
                            value = await stream.receive()
                            print(f'source stream rx: {value}')
                            if lagged:
                                # re set the sequence starting at our last
                                # value
                                sequence = sequence[sequence.index(value) + 1:]
                            else:
                                assert value == sequence[0]
                                sequence.remove(value)
                            lagged = False
                        except Lagged:
                            lagged = True
                            print(f'source stream lagged after {value}')
                            lag_count += 1
                            continue
                        # lag the parent
                        await trio.sleep(parent_delay)
                        if not sequence:
                            # fully consumed
                            break
                    print(f'parent + source stream lagged: {lag_count}')
                    if parent_delay > sub_delay:
                        assert lag_count > 0
            except Lagged:
                # child was lagged
                assert parent_delay < sub_delay
    trio.run(main)
 def test_faster_task_to_recv_is_cancelled_by_slower(
    arb_addr,
    start_method,
 ):
    '''
    Ensure that if a faster task consuming from a stream is cancelled
    the slower task can continue to receive all expected values.
    '''
    async def main():
        sequence = list(range(1000))
        async with open_sequence_streamer(
            sequence,
            arb_addr,
            start_method,
        ) as stream:
            async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                n.start_soon(
                    ensure_sequence,
                    stream,
                    sequence.copy(),
                    0,
                    name='consumer_task',
                )
                await stream.send(tuple(sequence))
                # pull 3 values, cancel the subtask, then
                # expect to be able to pull all values still
                for i in range(20):
                    try:
                        value = await stream.receive()
                        print(f'source stream rx: {value}')
                        await trio.sleep(0.01)
                    except Lagged:
                        print(f'parent overrun after {value}')
                        continue
                print('cancelling faster subtask')
                n.cancel_scope.cancel()
            try:
                value = await stream.receive()
                print(f'source stream after cancel: {value}')
            except Lagged:
                print(f'parent overrun after {value}')
            # expect to see all remaining values
            with trio.fail_after(0.5):
                async for value in stream:
                    assert stream._broadcaster._state.recv_ready is None
                    print(f'source stream rx: {value}')
                    if value == 999:
                        # fully consumed and we missed no values once
                        # the faster subtask was cancelled
                        break
                # await tractor.breakpoint()
                # await stream.receive()
                print(f'final value: {value}')
    trio.run(main)
 def test_subscribe_errors_after_close():
    async def main():
        size = 1
        tx, rx = trio.open_memory_channel(size)
        async with broadcast_receiver(rx, size) as brx:
            pass
        try:
            # open and close
            async with brx.subscribe():
                pass
        except trio.ClosedResourceError:
            assert brx.key not in brx._state.subs
        else:
            assert 0
    trio.run(main)
 def test_ensure_slow_consumers_lag_out(
    arb_addr,
    start_method,
 ):
    '''This is a pure local task test; no tractor
    machinery is really required.
    '''
    async def main():
        # make sure it all works within the runtime
        async with tractor.open_root_actor():
            num_laggers = 4
            laggers: dict[str, int] = {}
            retries = 3
            size = 100
            tx, rx = trio.open_memory_channel(size)
            brx = broadcast_receiver(rx, size)
            async def sub_and_print(
                delay: float,
            ) -> None:
                task = current_task()
                start = time.time()
                async with brx.subscribe() as lbrx:
                    while True:
                        print(f'{task.name}: starting consume loop')
                        try:
                            async for value in lbrx:
                                print(f'{task.name}: {value}')
                                await trio.sleep(delay)
                            if task.name == 'sub_1':
                                # trigger checkpoint to clean out other subs
                                await trio.sleep(0.01)
                                # the non-lagger got
                                # a ``trio.EndOfChannel``
                                # because the ``tx`` below was closed
                                assert len(lbrx._state.subs) == 1
                                await lbrx.aclose()
                                assert len(lbrx._state.subs) == 0
                        except trio.ClosedResourceError:
                            # only the fast sub will try to re-enter
                            # iteration on the now closed bcaster
                            assert task.name == 'sub_1'
                            return
                        except Lagged:
                            lag_time = time.time() - start
                            lags = laggers[task.name]
                            print(
                                f'restarting slow task {task.name} '
                                f'that bailed out on {lags}:{value} '
                                f'after {lag_time:.3f}')
                            if lags <= retries:
                                laggers[task.name] += 1
                                continue
                            else:
                                print(
                                    f'{task.name} was too slow and terminated '
                                    f'on {lags}:{value}')
                                return
            async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
                for i in range(1, num_laggers):
                    task_name = f'sub_{i}'
                    laggers[task_name] = 0
                    nursery.start_soon(
                        partial(
                            sub_and_print,
                            delay=i*0.001,
                        ),
                        name=task_name,
                    )
                # allow subs to sched
                await trio.sleep(0.1)
                async with tx:
                    for i in cycle(range(size)):
                        await tx.send(i)
                        if len(brx._state.subs) == 2:
                            # only one, the non lagger, sub is left
                            break
                # the non-lagger
                assert laggers.pop('sub_1') == 0
                for n, v in laggers.items():
                    assert v == 4
                assert tx._closed
                assert not tx._state.open_send_channels
                # check that "first" bcaster that we created
                # above, never was iterated and is thus overrun
                try:
                    await brx.receive()
                except Lagged:
                    # expect tokio style index truncation
                    seq = brx._state.subs[brx.key]
                    assert seq == len(brx._state.queue) - 1
                # all backpressured entries in the underlying
                # channel should have been copied into the caster
                # queue trailing-window
                async for i in rx:
                    print(f'bped: {i}')
                    assert i in brx._state.queue
                # should be noop
                await brx.aclose()
    trio.run(main)
 def test_first_recver_is_cancelled():
    async def main():
        # make sure it all works within the runtime
        async with tractor.open_root_actor():
            tx, rx = trio.open_memory_channel(1)
            brx = broadcast_receiver(rx, 1)
            cs = trio.CancelScope()
            async def sub_and_recv():
                with cs:
                    async with brx.subscribe() as bc:
                        async for value in bc:
                            print(value)
            async def cancel_and_send():
                await trio.sleep(0.2)
                cs.cancel()
                await tx.send(1)
            async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
                n.start_soon(sub_and_recv)
                await trio.sleep(0.1)
                assert brx._state.recv_ready
                n.start_soon(cancel_and_send)
                # ensure that we don't hang because no-task is now
                # waiting on the underlying receive..
                with trio.fail_after(0.5):
                    value = await brx.receive()
                    print(f'parent: {value}')
                    assert value == 1
    trio.run(main)
 def test_no_raise_on_lag():
    '''
    Run a simple 2-task broadcast where one task is slow but configured
    so that it does not raise `Lagged` on overruns using
    `raise_on_lasg=False` and verify that the task does not raise.
    '''
    size = 100
    tx, rx = trio.open_memory_channel(size)
    brx = broadcast_receiver(rx, size)
    async def slow():
        async with brx.subscribe(
            raise_on_lag=False,
        ) as br:
            async for msg in br:
                print(f'slow task got: {msg}')
                await trio.sleep(0.1)
    async def fast():
        async with brx.subscribe() as br:
            async for msg in br:
                print(f'fast task got: {msg}')
    async def main():
        async with (
            tractor.open_root_actor(
                # NOTE: so we see the warning msg emitted by the bcaster
                # internals when the no raise flag is set.
                loglevel='warning',
            ),
            trio.open_nursery() as n,
        ):
            n.start_soon(slow)
            n.start_soon(fast)
            for i in range(1000):
                await tx.send(i)
            # simulate user nailing ctl-c after realizing
            # there's a lag in the slow task.
            await trio.sleep(1)
            raise KeyboardInterrupt
    with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
        trio.run(main)
--- a/tests/test_trioisms.py
+++ b/tests/test_trioisms.py
@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
 '''
 Reminders for oddities in `trio` that we need to stay aware of and/or
 want to see changed.
 '''
 import pytest
 import trio
 from trio_typing import TaskStatus
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'use_start_soon', [
        pytest.param(
            True,
            marks=pytest.mark.xfail(reason="see python-trio/trio#2258")
        ),
        False,
    ]
 )
 def test_stashed_child_nursery(use_start_soon):
    _child_nursery = None
    async def waits_on_signal(
        ev: trio.Event(),
        task_status: TaskStatus[trio.Nursery] = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
    ):
        '''
        Do some stuf, then signal other tasks, then yield back to "starter".
        '''
        await ev.wait()
        task_status.started()
    async def mk_child_nursery(
        task_status: TaskStatus = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
    ):
        '''
        Allocate a child sub-nursery and stash it as a global.
        '''
        nonlocal _child_nursery
        async with trio.open_nursery() as cn:
            _child_nursery = cn
            task_status.started(cn)
            # block until cancelled by parent.
            await trio.sleep_forever()
    async def sleep_and_err(
        ev: trio.Event,
        task_status: TaskStatus = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
    ):
        await trio.sleep(0.5)
        doggy()  # noqa
        ev.set()
        task_status.started()
    async def main():
        async with (
            trio.open_nursery() as pn,
        ):
            cn = await pn.start(mk_child_nursery)
            assert cn
            ev = trio.Event()
            if use_start_soon:
                # this causes inf hang
                cn.start_soon(sleep_and_err, ev)
            else:
                # this does not.
                await cn.start(sleep_and_err, ev)
            with trio.fail_after(1):
                await cn.start(waits_on_signal, ev)
    with pytest.raises(NameError):
        trio.run(main)
--- a/tractor/init.py
+++ b/tractor/init.py
@ -1,86 +1,132 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
-tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
+tractor: An actor model micro-framework built on
-
+         ``trio`` and ``multiprocessing``.
 """
-from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
+import importlib
 from functools import partial
 from typing import Tuple, Any, Optional
 import typing
-from ._clustering import open_actor_cluster
+import trio  # type: ignore
-from ._ipc import Channel
+from trio import MultiError
-from ._streaming import (
+
-    Context,
+from . import log
-    MsgStream,
+from ._ipc import _connect_chan, Channel
-    stream,
+from ._streaming import Context, stream
-    context,
+from ._discovery import get_arbiter, find_actor, wait_for_actor
-)
+from ._actor import Actor, _start_actor, Arbiter
-from ._discovery import (
+from ._trionics import open_nursery
-    get_arbiter,
+from ._state import current_actor
-    find_actor,
+from ._exceptions import RemoteActorError, ModuleNotExposed
    wait_for_actor,
    query_actor,
 )
 from ._supervise import open_nursery
 from ._state import (
    current_actor,
    is_root_process,
 )
 from ._exceptions import (
    RemoteActorError,
    ModuleNotExposed,
    ContextCancelled,
 )
 from ._debug import (
    breakpoint,
    post_mortem,
 )
 from . import msg
-from ._root import (
+from . import _spawn
    run_daemon,
    open_root_actor,
 )
 from ._portal import Portal
 from ._runtime import Actor
 __all__ = [
    'Actor',
    'Channel',
    'Context',
    'ContextCancelled',
    'ModuleNotExposed',
    'MsgStream',
    'BaseExceptionGroup',
    'Portal',
    'RemoteActorError',
    'breakpoint',
    'context',
    'current_actor',
    'find_actor',
    'get_arbiter',
    'is_root_process',
    'msg',
    'open_actor_cluster',
    'open_nursery',
    'open_root_actor',
    'post_mortem',
    'query_actor',
    'run_daemon',
    'stream',
    'to_asyncio',
    'wait_for_actor',
    'Channel',
    'Context',
    'stream',
    'MultiError',
    'RemoteActorError',
    'ModuleNotExposed',
    'msg'
 ]
 # set at startup and after forks
 _default_arbiter_host = '127.0.0.1'
 _default_arbiter_port = 1616
 async def _main(
    async_fn: typing.Callable[..., typing.Awaitable],
    args: Tuple,
    kwargs: typing.Dict[str, typing.Any],
    arbiter_addr: Tuple[str, int],
    name: Optional[str] = None,
 ) -> typing.Any:
    """Async entry point for ``tractor``.
    """
    logger = log.get_logger('tractor')
    main = partial(async_fn, *args)
    arbiter_addr = (host, port) = arbiter_addr or (
            _default_arbiter_host, _default_arbiter_port)
    loglevel = kwargs.get('loglevel', log.get_loglevel())
    if loglevel is not None:
        log._default_loglevel = loglevel
        log.get_console_log(loglevel)
    # make a temporary connection to see if an arbiter exists
    arbiter_found = False
    try:
        async with _connect_chan(host, port):
            arbiter_found = True
    except OSError:
        logger.warning(f"No actor could be found @ {host}:{port}")
    # create a local actor and start up its main routine/task
    if arbiter_found:  # we were able to connect to an arbiter
        logger.info(f"Arbiter seems to exist @ {host}:{port}")
        actor = Actor(
            name or 'anonymous',
            arbiter_addr=arbiter_addr,
            **kwargs
        )
        host, port = (host, 0)
    else:
        # start this local actor as the arbiter
        actor = Arbiter(
            name or 'arbiter', arbiter_addr=arbiter_addr, **kwargs)
    # ``Actor._async_main()`` creates an internal nursery if one is not
    # provided and thus blocks here until it's main task completes.
    # Note that if the current actor is the arbiter it is desirable
    # for it to stay up indefinitely until a re-election process has
    # taken place - which is not implemented yet FYI).
    return await _start_actor(
        actor, main, host, port, arbiter_addr=arbiter_addr
    )
 def run(
    async_fn: typing.Callable[..., typing.Awaitable],
    *args,
    name: Optional[str] = None,
    arbiter_addr: Tuple[str, int] = (
        _default_arbiter_host, _default_arbiter_port),
    # either the `multiprocessing` start method:
    # https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html#contexts-and-start-methods
    # OR `trio_run_in_process` (the new default).
    start_method: Optional[str] = None,
    **kwargs,
 ) -> Any:
    """Run a trio-actor async function in process.
    This is tractor's main entry and the start point for any async actor.
    """
    if start_method is not None:
        _spawn.try_set_start_method(start_method)
    return trio.run(_main, async_fn, args, kwargs, arbiter_addr, name)
 def run_daemon(
    rpc_module_paths: Tuple[str],
    **kwargs
 ) -> None:
    """Spawn daemon actor which will respond to RPC.
    This is a convenience wrapper around
    ``tractor.run(trio.sleep(float('inf')))`` such that the first actor spawned
    is meant to run forever responding to RPC requests.
    """
    kwargs['rpc_module_paths'] = rpc_module_paths
    for path in rpc_module_paths:
        importlib.import_module(path)
    return run(partial(trio.sleep, float('inf')), **kwargs)
--- a/tractor/_actor.py
+++ b/tractor/_actor.py
@ -0,0 +1,955 @@
 """
 Actor primitives and helpers
 """
 from collections import defaultdict
 from functools import partial
 from itertools import chain
 import importlib
 import importlib.util
 import inspect
 import uuid
 import typing
 from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Any, Optional
 from types import ModuleType
 import sys
 import os
 import trio  # type: ignore
 from trio_typing import TaskStatus
 from async_generator import aclosing
 from ._ipc import Channel
 from ._streaming import Context, _context
 from .log import get_console_log, get_logger
 from ._exceptions import (
    pack_error,
    unpack_error,
    ModuleNotExposed
 )
 from ._discovery import get_arbiter
 from ._portal import Portal
 from . import _state
 from . import _mp_fixup_main
 log = get_logger('tractor')
 class ActorFailure(Exception):
    "General actor failure"
 async def _invoke(
    actor: 'Actor',
    cid: str,
    chan: Channel,
    func: typing.Callable,
    kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
    task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED
 ):
    """Invoke local func and deliver result(s) over provided channel.
    """
    treat_as_gen = False
    cs = None
    cancel_scope = trio.CancelScope()
    ctx = Context(chan, cid, cancel_scope)
    _context.set(ctx)
    if getattr(func, '_tractor_stream_function', False):
        # handle decorated ``@tractor.stream`` async functions
        kwargs['ctx'] = ctx
        treat_as_gen = True
    try:
        is_async_partial = False
        is_async_gen_partial = False
        if isinstance(func, partial):
            is_async_partial = inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func.func)
            is_async_gen_partial = inspect.isasyncgenfunction(func.func)
        if (
            not inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func) and
            not inspect.isasyncgenfunction(func) and
            not is_async_partial and
            not is_async_gen_partial
        ):
            await chan.send({'functype': 'function', 'cid': cid})
            with cancel_scope as cs:
                task_status.started(cs)
                await chan.send({'return': func(**kwargs), 'cid': cid})
        else:
            coro = func(**kwargs)
            if inspect.isasyncgen(coro):
                await chan.send({'functype': 'asyncgen', 'cid': cid})
                # XXX: massive gotcha! If the containing scope
                # is cancelled and we execute the below line,
                # any ``ActorNursery.__aexit__()`` WON'T be
                # triggered in the underlying async gen! So we
                # have to properly handle the closing (aclosing)
                # of the async gen in order to be sure the cancel
                # is propagated!
                with cancel_scope as cs:
                    task_status.started(cs)
                    async with aclosing(coro) as agen:
                        async for item in agen:
                            # TODO: can we send values back in here?
                            # it's gonna require a `while True:` and
                            # some non-blocking way to retrieve new `asend()`
                            # values from the channel:
                            # to_send = await chan.recv_nowait()
                            # if to_send is not None:
                            #     to_yield = await coro.asend(to_send)
                            await chan.send({'yield': item, 'cid': cid})
                log.debug(f"Finished iterating {coro}")
                # TODO: we should really support a proper
                # `StopAsyncIteration` system here for returning a final
                # value if desired
                await chan.send({'stop': True, 'cid': cid})
            else:
                if treat_as_gen:
                    await chan.send({'functype': 'asyncgen', 'cid': cid})
                    # XXX: the async-func may spawn further tasks which push
                    # back values like an async-generator would but must
                    # manualy construct the response dict-packet-responses as
                    # above
                    with cancel_scope as cs:
                        task_status.started(cs)
                        await coro
                    if not cs.cancelled_caught:
                        # task was not cancelled so we can instruct the
                        # far end async gen to tear down
                        await chan.send({'stop': True, 'cid': cid})
                else:
                    await chan.send({'functype': 'asyncfunction', 'cid': cid})
                    with cancel_scope as cs:
                        task_status.started(cs)
                        await chan.send({'return': await coro, 'cid': cid})
    except (Exception, trio.MultiError) as err:
        # always ship errors back to caller
        log.exception("Actor errored:")
        err_msg = pack_error(err)
        err_msg['cid'] = cid
        try:
            await chan.send(err_msg)
        except trio.ClosedResourceError:
            log.exception(
                f"Failed to ship error to caller @ {chan.uid}")
        if cs is None:
            # error is from above code not from rpc invocation
            task_status.started(err)
    finally:
        # RPC task bookeeping
        try:
            scope, func, is_complete = actor._rpc_tasks.pop((chan, cid))
            is_complete.set()
        except KeyError:
            # If we're cancelled before the task returns then the
            # cancel scope will not have been inserted yet
            log.warn(
                f"Task {func} was likely cancelled before it was started")
        if not actor._rpc_tasks:
            log.info(f"All RPC tasks have completed")
            actor._ongoing_rpc_tasks.set()
 def _get_mod_abspath(module):
    return os.path.abspath(module.__file__)
 class Actor:
    """The fundamental concurrency primitive.
    An *actor* is the combination of a regular Python or
    ``multiprocessing.Process`` executing a ``trio`` task tree, communicating
    with other actors through "portals" which provide a native async API
    around "channels".
    """
    is_arbiter: bool = False
    # placeholders filled in by `_async_main` after fork
    _root_nursery: trio.Nursery
    _server_nursery: trio.Nursery
    # marked by the process spawning backend at startup
    # will be None for the parent most process started manually
    # by the user (currently called the "arbiter")
    _spawn_method: Optional[str] = None
    # Information about `__main__` from parent
    _parent_main_data: Dict[str, str]
    def __init__(
        self,
        name: str,
        rpc_module_paths: List[str] = [],
        statespace: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        uid: str = None,
        loglevel: str = None,
        arbiter_addr: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """This constructor is called in the parent actor **before** the spawning
        phase (aka before a new process is executed).
        """
        self.name = name
        self.uid = (name, uid or str(uuid.uuid4()))
        # retreive and store parent `__main__` data which
        # will be passed to children
        self._parent_main_data = _mp_fixup_main._mp_figure_out_main()
        mods = {}
        for name in rpc_module_paths or ():
            mod = importlib.import_module(name)
            mods[name] = _get_mod_abspath(mod)
        self.rpc_module_paths = mods
        self._mods: Dict[str, ModuleType] = {}
        # TODO: consider making this a dynamically defined
        # @dataclass once we get py3.7
        self.statespace = statespace or {}
        self.loglevel = loglevel
        self._arb_addr = arbiter_addr
        self._peers: defaultdict = defaultdict(list)
        self._peer_connected: dict = {}
        self._no_more_peers = trio.Event()
        self._no_more_peers.set()
        self._ongoing_rpc_tasks = trio.Event()
        self._ongoing_rpc_tasks.set()
        # (chan, cid) -> (cancel_scope, func)
        self._rpc_tasks: Dict[
            Tuple[Channel, str],
            Tuple[trio.CancelScope, typing.Callable, trio.Event]
        ] = {}
        # map {uids -> {callids -> waiter queues}}
        self._cids2qs: Dict[
            Tuple[Tuple[str, str], str],
            Tuple[
                trio.abc.SendChannel[Any],
                trio.abc.ReceiveChannel[Any]
            ]
        ] = {}
        self._listeners: List[trio.abc.Listener] = []
        self._parent_chan: Optional[Channel] = None
        self._forkserver_info: Optional[
            Tuple[Any, Any, Any, Any, Any]] = None
    async def wait_for_peer(
        self, uid: Tuple[str, str]
    ) -> Tuple[trio.Event, Channel]:
        """Wait for a connection back from a spawned actor with a given
        ``uid``.
        """
        log.debug(f"Waiting for peer {uid} to connect")
        event = self._peer_connected.setdefault(uid, trio.Event())
        await event.wait()
        log.debug(f"{uid} successfully connected back to us")
        return event, self._peers[uid][-1]
    def load_modules(self) -> None:
        """Load allowed RPC modules locally (after fork).
        Since this actor may be spawned on a different machine from
        the original nursery we need to try and load the local module
        code (if it exists).
        """
        try:
            if self._spawn_method == 'trio_run_in_process':
                parent_data = self._parent_main_data
                if 'init_main_from_name' in parent_data:
                    _mp_fixup_main._fixup_main_from_name(
                        parent_data['init_main_from_name'])
                elif 'init_main_from_path' in parent_data:
                    _mp_fixup_main._fixup_main_from_path(
                        parent_data['init_main_from_path'])
            for modpath, filepath in self.rpc_module_paths.items():
                # XXX append the allowed module to the python path which
                # should allow for relative (at least downward) imports.
                sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(filepath))
                log.debug(f"Attempting to import {modpath}@{filepath}")
                self._mods[modpath] = importlib.import_module(modpath)
        except ModuleNotFoundError:
            # it is expected the corresponding `ModuleNotExposed` error
            # will be raised later
            log.error(f"Failed to import {modpath} in {self.name}")
            raise
    def _get_rpc_func(self, ns, funcname):
        if ns == "__mp_main__":
            # In subprocesses, `__main__` will actually map to
            # `__mp_main__` which should be the same entry-point-module
            # as the parent.
            ns = "__main__"
        try:
            return getattr(self._mods[ns], funcname)
        except KeyError as err:
            raise ModuleNotExposed(*err.args)
    async def _stream_handler(
        self,
        stream: trio.SocketStream,
    ) -> None:
        """Entry point for new inbound connections to the channel server.
        """
        self._no_more_peers = trio.Event()
        chan = Channel(stream=stream)
        log.info(f"New connection to us {chan}")
        # send/receive initial handshake response
        try:
            uid = await self._do_handshake(chan)
        except StopAsyncIteration:
            log.warning(f"Channel {chan} failed to handshake")
            return
        # channel tracking
        event = self._peer_connected.pop(uid, None)
        if event:
            # Instructing connection: this is likely a new channel to
            # a recently spawned actor which we'd like to control via
            # async-rpc calls.
            log.debug(f"Waking channel waiters {event.statistics()}")
            # Alert any task waiting on this connection to come up
            event.set()
        chans = self._peers[uid]
        if chans:
            log.warning(
                f"already have channel(s) for {uid}:{chans}?"
            )
        log.trace(f"Registered {chan} for {uid}")  # type: ignore
        # append new channel
        self._peers[uid].append(chan)
        # Begin channel management - respond to remote requests and
        # process received reponses.
        try:
            await self._process_messages(chan)
        finally:
            # Drop ref to channel so it can be gc-ed and disconnected
            log.debug(f"Releasing channel {chan} from {chan.uid}")
            chans = self._peers.get(chan.uid)
            chans.remove(chan)
            if not chans:
                log.debug(f"No more channels for {chan.uid}")
                self._peers.pop(chan.uid, None)
            log.debug(f"Peers is {self._peers}")
            if not self._peers:  # no more channels connected
                self._no_more_peers.set()
                log.debug(f"Signalling no more peer channels")
            # # XXX: is this necessary (GC should do it?)
            if chan.connected():
                log.debug(f"Disconnecting channel {chan}")
                try:
                    # send our msg loop terminate sentinel
                    await chan.send(None)
                    # await chan.aclose()
                except trio.BrokenResourceError:
                    log.exception(
                        f"Channel for {chan.uid} was already zonked..")
    async def _push_result(
        self,
        chan: Channel,
        msg: Dict[str, Any],
    ) -> None:
        """Push an RPC result to the local consumer's queue.
        """
        actorid = chan.uid
        assert actorid, f"`actorid` can't be {actorid}"
        cid = msg['cid']
        send_chan, recv_chan = self._cids2qs[(actorid, cid)]
        assert send_chan.cid == cid  # type: ignore
        if 'stop' in msg:
            log.debug(f"{send_chan} was terminated at remote end")
            return await send_chan.aclose()
        try:
            log.debug(f"Delivering {msg} from {actorid} to caller {cid}")
            # maintain backpressure
            await send_chan.send(msg)
        except trio.BrokenResourceError:
            # XXX: local consumer has closed their side
            # so cancel the far end streaming task
            log.warning(f"{send_chan} consumer is already closed")
    def get_memchans(
        self,
        actorid: Tuple[str, str],
        cid: str
    ) -> Tuple[trio.abc.SendChannel, trio.abc.ReceiveChannel]:
        log.debug(f"Getting result queue for {actorid} cid {cid}")
        try:
            send_chan, recv_chan = self._cids2qs[(actorid, cid)]
        except KeyError:
            send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(1000)
            send_chan.cid = cid  # type: ignore
            recv_chan.cid = cid  # type: ignore
            self._cids2qs[(actorid, cid)] = send_chan, recv_chan
        return send_chan, recv_chan
    async def send_cmd(
        self,
        chan: Channel,
        ns: str,
        func: str,
        kwargs: dict
    ) -> Tuple[str, trio.abc.ReceiveChannel]:
        """Send a ``'cmd'`` message to a remote actor and return a
        caller id and a ``trio.Queue`` that can be used to wait for
        responses delivered by the local message processing loop.
        """
        cid = str(uuid.uuid4())
        assert chan.uid
        send_chan, recv_chan = self.get_memchans(chan.uid, cid)
        log.debug(f"Sending cmd to {chan.uid}: {ns}.{func}({kwargs})")
        await chan.send({'cmd': (ns, func, kwargs, self.uid, cid)})
        return cid, recv_chan
    async def _process_messages(
        self,
        chan: Channel,
        treat_as_gen: bool = False,
        shield: bool = False,
        task_status: TaskStatus[trio.CancelScope] = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
    ) -> None:
        """Process messages for the channel async-RPC style.
        Receive multiplexed RPC requests and deliver responses over ``chan``.
        """
        # TODO: once https://github.com/python-trio/trio/issues/467 gets
        # worked out we'll likely want to use that!
        msg = None
        log.debug(f"Entering msg loop for {chan} from {chan.uid}")
        try:
            with trio.CancelScope(shield=shield) as cs:
                # this internal scope allows for keeping this message
                # loop running despite the current task having been
                # cancelled (eg. `open_portal()` may call this method from
                # a locally spawned task) and recieve this scope using
                # ``scope = Nursery.start()``
                task_status.started(cs)
                async for msg in chan:
                    if msg is None:  # loop terminate sentinel
                        log.debug(
                            f"Cancelling all tasks for {chan} from {chan.uid}")
                        for (channel, cid) in self._rpc_tasks:
                            if channel is chan:
                                self._cancel_task(cid, channel)
                        log.debug(
                                f"Msg loop signalled to terminate for"
                                f" {chan} from {chan.uid}")
                        break
                    log.trace(   # type: ignore
                        f"Received msg {msg} from {chan.uid}")
                    if msg.get('cid'):
                        # deliver response to local caller/waiter
                        await self._push_result(chan, msg)
                        log.debug(
                            f"Waiting on next msg for {chan} from {chan.uid}")
                        continue
                    # process command request
                    try:
                        ns, funcname, kwargs, actorid, cid = msg['cmd']
                    except KeyError:
                        # This is the non-rpc error case, that is, an
                        # error **not** raised inside a call to ``_invoke()``
                        # (i.e. no cid was provided in the msg - see above).
                        # Push this error to all local channel consumers
                        # (normally portals) by marking the channel as errored
                        assert chan.uid
                        exc = unpack_error(msg, chan=chan)
                        chan._exc = exc
                        raise exc
                    log.debug(
                        f"Processing request from {actorid}\n"
                        f"{ns}.{funcname}({kwargs})")
                    if ns == 'self':
                        func = getattr(self, funcname)
                        if funcname == '_cancel_task':
                            # XXX: a special case is made here for
                            # remote calls since we don't want the
                            # remote actor have to know which channel
                            # the task is associated with and we can't
                            # pass non-primitive types between actors.
                            # This means you can use:
                            #    Portal.run('self', '_cancel_task, cid=did)
                            # without passing the `chan` arg.
                            kwargs['chan'] = chan
                    else:
                        # complain to client about restricted modules
                        try:
                            func = self._get_rpc_func(ns, funcname)
                        except (ModuleNotExposed, AttributeError) as err:
                            err_msg = pack_error(err)
                            err_msg['cid'] = cid
                            await chan.send(err_msg)
                            continue
                    # spin up a task for the requested function
                    log.debug(f"Spawning task for {func}")
                    cs = await self._root_nursery.start(
                        partial(_invoke, self, cid, chan, func, kwargs),
                        name=funcname,
                    )
                    # never allow cancelling cancel requests (results in
                    # deadlock and other weird behaviour)
                    if func != self.cancel:
                        if isinstance(cs, Exception):
                            log.warn(f"Task for RPC func {func} failed with"
                                     f"{cs}")
                        else:
                            # mark that we have ongoing rpc tasks
                            self._ongoing_rpc_tasks = trio.Event()
                            log.info(f"RPC func is {func}")
                            # store cancel scope such that the rpc task can be
                            # cancelled gracefully if requested
                            self._rpc_tasks[(chan, cid)] = (
                                cs, func, trio.Event())
                    log.debug(
                        f"Waiting on next msg for {chan} from {chan.uid}")
                else:
                    # channel disconnect
                    log.debug(f"{chan} from {chan.uid} disconnected")
        except trio.ClosedResourceError:
            log.error(f"{chan} form {chan.uid} broke")
        except (Exception, trio.MultiError) as err:
            # ship any "internal" exception (i.e. one from internal machinery
            # not from an rpc task) to parent
            log.exception("Actor errored:")
            if self._parent_chan:
                await self._parent_chan.send(pack_error(err))
            raise
            # if this is the `MainProcess` we expect the error broadcasting
            # above to trigger an error at consuming portal "checkpoints"
        except trio.Cancelled:
            # debugging only
            log.debug(f"Msg loop was cancelled for {chan}")
            raise
        finally:
            log.debug(
                f"Exiting msg loop for {chan} from {chan.uid} "
                f"with last msg:\n{msg}")
    def _mp_main(
        self,
        accept_addr: Tuple[str, int],
        forkserver_info: Tuple[Any, Any, Any, Any, Any],
        start_method: str,
        parent_addr: Tuple[str, int] = None
    ) -> None:
        """The routine called *after fork* which invokes a fresh ``trio.run``
        """
        self._forkserver_info = forkserver_info
        from ._spawn import try_set_start_method
        spawn_ctx = try_set_start_method(start_method)
        if self.loglevel is not None:
            log.info(
                f"Setting loglevel for {self.uid} to {self.loglevel}")
            get_console_log(self.loglevel)
        assert spawn_ctx
        log.info(
            f"Started new {spawn_ctx.current_process()} for {self.uid}")
        _state._current_actor = self
        log.debug(f"parent_addr is {parent_addr}")
        try:
            trio.run(partial(
                self._async_main, accept_addr, parent_addr=parent_addr))
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            pass  # handle it the same way trio does?
        log.info(f"Actor {self.uid} terminated")
    async def _trip_main(
        self,
        accept_addr: Tuple[str, int],
        parent_addr: Tuple[str, int] = None
    ) -> None:
        """Entry point for a `trio_run_in_process` subactor.
        Here we don't need to call `trio.run()` since trip does that as
        part of its subprocess startup sequence.
        """
        if self.loglevel is not None:
            log.info(
                f"Setting loglevel for {self.uid} to {self.loglevel}")
            get_console_log(self.loglevel)
        log.info(f"Started new TRIP process for {self.uid}")
        _state._current_actor = self
        await self._async_main(accept_addr, parent_addr=parent_addr)
        log.info(f"Actor {self.uid} terminated")
    async def _async_main(
        self,
        accept_addr: Tuple[str, int],
        arbiter_addr: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None,
        parent_addr: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None,
        task_status: TaskStatus[None] = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
    ) -> None:
        """Start the channel server, maybe connect back to the parent, and
        start the main task.
        A "root-most" (or "top-level") nursery for this actor is opened here
        and when cancelled effectively cancels the actor.
        """
        arbiter_addr = arbiter_addr or self._arb_addr
        registered_with_arbiter = False
        try:
            async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
                self._root_nursery = nursery
                # Startup up channel server
                host, port = accept_addr
                await nursery.start(partial(
                    self._serve_forever, accept_host=host, accept_port=port)
                )
                if parent_addr is not None:
                    try:
                        # Connect back to the parent actor and conduct initial
                        # handshake (From this point on if we error, ship the
                        # exception back to the parent actor)
                        chan = self._parent_chan = Channel(
                            destaddr=parent_addr,
                        )
                        await chan.connect()
                        # initial handshake, report who we are, who they are
                        await self._do_handshake(chan)
                    except OSError:  # failed to connect
                        log.warning(
                            f"Failed to connect to parent @ {parent_addr},"
                            " closing server")
                        await self.cancel()
                        self._parent_chan = None
                        raise
                    else:
                        # handle new connection back to parent
                        assert self._parent_chan
                        nursery.start_soon(
                            self._process_messages, self._parent_chan)
                # load exposed/allowed RPC modules
                # XXX: do this **after** establishing connection to parent
                # so that import errors are properly propagated upwards
                self.load_modules()
                # register with the arbiter if we're told its addr
                log.debug(f"Registering {self} for role `{self.name}`")
                assert isinstance(arbiter_addr, tuple)
                async with get_arbiter(*arbiter_addr) as arb_portal:
                    await arb_portal.run(
                        'self', 'register_actor',
                        uid=self.uid, sockaddr=self.accept_addr)
                    registered_with_arbiter = True
                task_status.started()
                log.debug("Waiting on root nursery to complete")
            # blocks here as expected until the channel server is
            # killed (i.e. this actor is cancelled or signalled by the parent)
        except Exception as err:
            if not registered_with_arbiter:
                log.exception(
                    f"Actor errored and failed to register with arbiter "
                    f"@ {arbiter_addr}")
            if self._parent_chan:
                try:
                    # internal error so ship to parent without cid
                    await self._parent_chan.send(pack_error(err))
                except trio.ClosedResourceError:
                    log.error(
                        f"Failed to ship error to parent "
                        f"{self._parent_chan.uid}, channel was closed")
                    log.exception("Actor errored:")
            if isinstance(err, ModuleNotFoundError):
                raise
            else:
                # XXX wait, why?
                # causes a hang if I always raise..
                # A parent process does something weird here?
                raise
        finally:
            if registered_with_arbiter:
                await self._do_unreg(arbiter_addr)
            # terminate actor once all it's peers (actors that connected
            # to it as clients) have disappeared
            if not self._no_more_peers.is_set():
                if any(
                    chan.connected() for chan in chain(*self._peers.values())
                ):
                    log.debug(
                        f"Waiting for remaining peers {self._peers} to clear")
                    await self._no_more_peers.wait()
            log.debug(f"All peer channels are complete")
            # tear down channel server no matter what since we errored
            # or completed
            self.cancel_server()
    async def _serve_forever(
        self,
        *,
        # (host, port) to bind for channel server
        accept_host: Tuple[str, int] = None,
        accept_port: int = 0,
        task_status: TaskStatus[None] = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED,
    ) -> None:
        """Start the channel server, begin listening for new connections.
        This will cause an actor to continue living (blocking) until
        ``cancel_server()`` is called.
        """
        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
            self._server_nursery = nursery
            # TODO: might want to consider having a separate nursery
            # for the stream handler such that the server can be cancelled
            # whilst leaving existing channels up
            listeners: List[trio.abc.Listener] = await nursery.start(
                partial(
                    trio.serve_tcp,
                    self._stream_handler,
                    # new connections will stay alive even if this server
                    # is cancelled
                    handler_nursery=self._root_nursery,
                    port=accept_port, host=accept_host,
                )
            )
            log.debug(f"Started tcp server(s) on"
                      " {[l.socket for l in listeners]}")  # type: ignore
            self._listeners.extend(listeners)
            task_status.started()
    async def _do_unreg(self, arbiter_addr: Optional[Tuple[str, int]]) -> None:
        # UNregister actor from the arbiter
        try:
            if arbiter_addr is not None:
                async with get_arbiter(*arbiter_addr) as arb_portal:
                    await arb_portal.run(
                        'self', 'unregister_actor', uid=self.uid)
        except OSError:
            log.warning(f"Unable to unregister {self.name} from arbiter")
    async def cancel(self) -> None:
        """Cancel this actor.
        The sequence in order is:
            - cancelling all rpc tasks
            - cancelling the channel server
            - cancel the "root" nursery
        """
        # cancel all ongoing rpc tasks
        await self.cancel_rpc_tasks()
        self.cancel_server()
        self._root_nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
    async def _cancel_task(self, cid, chan):
        """Cancel a local task by call-id / channel.
        Note this method will be treated as a streaming function
        by remote actor-callers due to the declaration of ``ctx``
        in the signature (for now).
        """
        # right now this is only implicitly called by
        # streaming IPC but it should be called
        # to cancel any remotely spawned task
        try:
            # this ctx based lookup ensures the requested task to
            # be cancelled was indeed spawned by a request from this channel
            scope, func, is_complete = self._rpc_tasks[(chan, cid)]
        except KeyError:
            log.warning(f"{cid} has already completed/terminated?")
            return
        log.debug(
            f"Cancelling task:\ncid: {cid}\nfunc: {func}\n"
            f"peer: {chan.uid}\n")
        # don't allow cancelling this function mid-execution
        # (is this necessary?)
        if func is self._cancel_task:
            return
        scope.cancel()
        # wait for _invoke to mark the task complete
        await is_complete.wait()
        log.debug(
            f"Sucessfully cancelled task:\ncid: {cid}\nfunc: {func}\n"
            f"peer: {chan.uid}\n")
    async def cancel_rpc_tasks(self) -> None:
        """Cancel all existing RPC responder tasks using the cancel scope
        registered for each.
        """
        tasks = self._rpc_tasks
        log.info(f"Cancelling all {len(tasks)} rpc tasks:\n{tasks} ")
        for (chan, cid) in tasks.copy():
            # TODO: this should really done in a nursery batch
            await self._cancel_task(cid, chan)
        log.info(
            f"Waiting for remaining rpc tasks to complete {tasks}")
        await self._ongoing_rpc_tasks.wait()
    def cancel_server(self) -> None:
        """Cancel the internal channel server nursery thereby
        preventing any new inbound connections from being established.
        """
        log.debug("Shutting down channel server")
        self._server_nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
    @property
    def accept_addr(self) -> Tuple[str, int]:
        """Primary address to which the channel server is bound.
        """
        # throws OSError on failure
        return self._listeners[0].socket.getsockname()  # type: ignore
    def get_parent(self) -> Portal:
        """Return a portal to our parent actor."""
        assert self._parent_chan, "No parent channel for this actor?"
        return Portal(self._parent_chan)
    def get_chans(self, uid: Tuple[str, str]) -> List[Channel]:
        """Return all channels to the actor with provided uid."""
        return self._peers[uid]
    async def _do_handshake(
        self,
        chan: Channel
    ) -> Tuple[str, str]:
        """Exchange (name, UUIDs) identifiers as the first communication step.
        These are essentially the "mailbox addresses" found in actor model
        parlance.
        """
        await chan.send(self.uid)
        uid: Tuple[str, str] = await chan.recv()
        if not isinstance(uid, tuple):
            raise ValueError(f"{uid} is not a valid uid?!")
        chan.uid = uid
        log.info(f"Handshake with actor {uid}@{chan.raddr} complete")
        return uid
 class Arbiter(Actor):
    """A special actor who knows all the other actors and always has
    access to a top level nursery.
    The arbiter is by default the first actor spawned on each host
    and is responsible for keeping track of all other actors for
    coordination purposes. If a new main process is launched and an
    arbiter is already running that arbiter will be used.
    """
    is_arbiter = True
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self._registry = defaultdict(list)
        self._waiters = {}
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    def find_actor(self, name: str) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]:
        for uid, sockaddr in self._registry.items():
            if name in uid:
                return sockaddr
        return None
    async def wait_for_actor(
        self, name: str
    ) -> List[Tuple[str, int]]:
        """Wait for a particular actor to register.
        This is a blocking call if no actor by the provided name is currently
        registered.
        """
        sockaddrs = []
        for (aname, _), sockaddr in self._registry.items():
            if name == aname:
                sockaddrs.append(sockaddr)
        if not sockaddrs:
            waiter = trio.Event()
            self._waiters.setdefault(name, []).append(waiter)
            await waiter.wait()
            for uid in self._waiters[name]:
                sockaddrs.append(self._registry[uid])
        return sockaddrs
    def register_actor(
        self, uid: Tuple[str, str], sockaddr: Tuple[str, int]
    ) -> None:
        name, uuid = uid
        self._registry[uid] = sockaddr
        # pop and signal all waiter events
        events = self._waiters.pop(name, ())
        self._waiters.setdefault(name, []).append(uid)
        for event in events:
            if isinstance(event, trio.Event):
                event.set()
    def unregister_actor(self, uid: Tuple[str, str]) -> None:
        self._registry.pop(uid, None)
 async def _start_actor(
    actor: Actor,
    main: typing.Callable[..., typing.Awaitable],
    host: str,
    port: int,
    arbiter_addr: Tuple[str, int],
    nursery: trio.Nursery = None
 ):
    """Spawn a local actor by starting a task to execute it's main async
    function.
    Blocks if no nursery is provided, in which case it is expected the nursery
    provider is responsible for waiting on the task to complete.
    """
    # assign process-local actor
    _state._current_actor = actor
    # start local channel-server and fake the portal API
    # NOTE: this won't block since we provide the nursery
    log.info(f"Starting local {actor} @ {host}:{port}")
    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
        await nursery.start(
            partial(
                actor._async_main,
                accept_addr=(host, port),
                parent_addr=None,
                arbiter_addr=arbiter_addr,
            )
        )
        result = await main()
        # XXX: the actor is cancelled when this context is complete
        # given that there are no more active peer channels connected
        actor.cancel_server()
    # unset module state
    _state._current_actor = None
    log.info("Completed async main")
    return result
--- a/tractor/_child.py
+++ b/tractor/_child.py
@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 This is the "bootloader" for actors started using the native trio backend.
 """
 import sys
 import trio
 import argparse
 from ast import literal_eval
 from ._runtime import Actor
 from ._entry import _trio_main
 def parse_uid(arg):
    name, uuid = literal_eval(arg)  # ensure 2 elements
    return str(name), str(uuid)  # ensures str encoding
 def parse_ipaddr(arg):
    host, port = literal_eval(arg)
    return (str(host), int(port))
 from ._entry import _trio_main
 if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--uid", type=parse_uid)
    parser.add_argument("--loglevel", type=str)
    parser.add_argument("--parent_addr", type=parse_ipaddr)
    parser.add_argument("--asyncio", action='store_true')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    subactor = Actor(
        args.uid[0],
        uid=args.uid[1],
        loglevel=args.loglevel,
        spawn_method="trio"
    )
    _trio_main(
        subactor,
        parent_addr=args.parent_addr,
        infect_asyncio=args.asyncio,
    )
--- a/tractor/_clustering.py
+++ b/tractor/_clustering.py
@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 '''
 Actor cluster helpers.
 '''
 from __future__ import annotations
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
 from multiprocessing import cpu_count
 from typing import AsyncGenerator, Optional
 import trio
 import tractor
@acm
 async def open_actor_cluster(
    modules: list[str],
    count: int = cpu_count(),
    names: list[str] | None = None,
    hard_kill: bool = False,
    # passed through verbatim to ``open_root_actor()``
    **runtime_kwargs,
 ) -> AsyncGenerator[
    dict[str, tractor.Portal],
    None,
 ]:
    portals: dict[str, tractor.Portal] = {}
    if not names:
        names = [f'worker_{i}' for i in range(count)]
    if not len(names) == count:
        raise ValueError(
            'Number of names is {len(names)} but count it {count}')
    async with tractor.open_nursery(
        **runtime_kwargs,
    ) as an:
        async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
            uid = tractor.current_actor().uid
            async def _start(name: str) -> None:
                name = f'{uid[0]}.{name}'
                portals[name] = await an.start_actor(
                    enable_modules=modules,
                    name=name,
                )
            for name in names:
                n.start_soon(_start, name)
        assert len(portals) == count
        yield portals
        await an.cancel(hard_kill=hard_kill)
--- a/tractor/_debug.py
+++ b/tractor/_debug.py
@ -1,922 +0,0 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 Multi-core debugging for da peeps!
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 import bdb
 import os
 import sys
 import signal
 from functools import (
    partial,
    cached_property,
 )
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
 from typing import (
    Any,
    Optional,
    Callable,
    AsyncIterator,
    AsyncGenerator,
 )
 from types import FrameType
 import pdbp
 import tractor
 import trio
 from trio_typing import TaskStatus
 from .log import get_logger
 from ._discovery import get_root
 from ._state import (
    is_root_process,
    debug_mode,
 )
 from ._exceptions import (
    is_multi_cancelled,
    ContextCancelled,
 )
 from ._ipc import Channel
 log = get_logger(__name__)
 __all__ = ['breakpoint', 'post_mortem']
 class Lock:
    '''
    Actor global debug lock state.
    Mostly to avoid a lot of ``global`` declarations for now XD.
    '''
    repl: MultiActorPdb | None = None
    # placeholder for function to set a ``trio.Event`` on debugger exit
    # pdb_release_hook: Optional[Callable] = None
    _trio_handler: Callable[
        [int, Optional[FrameType]], Any
    ] | int | None = None
    # actor-wide variable pointing to current task name using debugger
    local_task_in_debug: str | None = None
    # NOTE: set by the current task waiting on the root tty lock from
    # the CALLER side of the `lock_tty_for_child()` context entry-call
    # and must be cancelled if this actor is cancelled via IPC
    # request-message otherwise deadlocks with the parent actor may
    # ensure
    _debugger_request_cs: Optional[trio.CancelScope] = None
    # NOTE: set only in the root actor for the **local** root spawned task
    # which has acquired the lock (i.e. this is on the callee side of
    # the `lock_tty_for_child()` context entry).
    _root_local_task_cs_in_debug: Optional[trio.CancelScope] = None
    # actor tree-wide actor uid that supposedly has the tty lock
    global_actor_in_debug: Optional[tuple[str, str]] = None
    local_pdb_complete: Optional[trio.Event] = None
    no_remote_has_tty: Optional[trio.Event] = None
    # lock in root actor preventing multi-access to local tty
    _debug_lock: trio.StrictFIFOLock = trio.StrictFIFOLock()
    _orig_sigint_handler: Optional[Callable] = None
    _blocked: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
    @classmethod
    def shield_sigint(cls):
        cls._orig_sigint_handler = signal.signal(
            signal.SIGINT,
            shield_sigint_handler,
        )
    @classmethod
    def unshield_sigint(cls):
        # always restore ``trio``'s sigint handler. see notes below in
        # the pdb factory about the nightmare that is that code swapping
        # out the handler when the repl activates...
        signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, cls._trio_handler)
        cls._orig_sigint_handler = None
    @classmethod
    def release(cls):
        try:
            cls._debug_lock.release()
        except RuntimeError:
            # uhhh makes no sense but been seeing the non-owner
            # release error even though this is definitely the task
            # that locked?
            owner = cls._debug_lock.statistics().owner
            if owner:
                raise
        # actor-local state, irrelevant for non-root.
        cls.global_actor_in_debug = None
        cls.local_task_in_debug = None
        try:
            # sometimes the ``trio`` might already be terminated in
            # which case this call will raise.
            if cls.local_pdb_complete is not None:
                cls.local_pdb_complete.set()
        finally:
            # restore original sigint handler
            cls.unshield_sigint()
            cls.repl = None
 class TractorConfig(pdbp.DefaultConfig):
    '''
    Custom ``pdbp`` goodness :surfer:
    '''
    use_pygments: bool = True
    sticky_by_default: bool = False
    enable_hidden_frames: bool = False
    # much thanks @mdmintz for the hot tip!
    # fixes line spacing issue when resizing terminal B)
    truncate_long_lines: bool = False
 class MultiActorPdb(pdbp.Pdb):
    '''
    Add teardown hooks to the regular ``pdbp.Pdb``.
    '''
    # override the pdbp config with our coolio one
    DefaultConfig = TractorConfig
    # def preloop(self):
    #     print('IN PRELOOP')
    #     super().preloop()
    # TODO: figure out how to disallow recursive .set_trace() entry
    # since that'll cause deadlock for us.
    def set_continue(self):
        try:
            super().set_continue()
        finally:
            Lock.release()
    def set_quit(self):
        try:
            super().set_quit()
        finally:
            Lock.release()
    # XXX NOTE: we only override this because apparently the stdlib pdb
    # bois likes to touch the SIGINT handler as much as i like to touch
    # my d$%&.
    def _cmdloop(self):
        self.cmdloop()
    @cached_property
    def shname(self) -> str | None:
        '''
        Attempt to return the login shell name with a special check for
        the infamous `xonsh` since it seems to have some issues much
        different from std shells when it comes to flushing the prompt?
        '''
        # SUPER HACKY and only really works if `xonsh` is not used
        # before spawning further sub-shells..
        shpath = os.getenv('SHELL', None)
        if shpath:
            if (
                os.getenv('XONSH_LOGIN', default=False)
                or 'xonsh' in shpath
            ):
                return 'xonsh'
            return os.path.basename(shpath)
        return None
@acm
 async def _acquire_debug_lock_from_root_task(
    uid: tuple[str, str]
 ) -> AsyncIterator[trio.StrictFIFOLock]:
    '''
    Acquire a root-actor local FIFO lock which tracks mutex access of
    the process tree's global debugger breakpoint.
    This lock avoids tty clobbering (by preventing multiple processes
    reading from stdstreams) and ensures multi-actor, sequential access
    to the ``pdb`` repl.
    '''
    task_name = trio.lowlevel.current_task().name
    log.runtime(
        f"Attempting to acquire TTY lock, remote task: {task_name}:{uid}"
    )
    we_acquired = False
    try:
        log.runtime(
            f"entering lock checkpoint, remote task: {task_name}:{uid}"
        )
        we_acquired = True
        # NOTE: if the surrounding cancel scope from the
        # `lock_tty_for_child()` caller is cancelled, this line should
        # unblock and NOT leave us in some kind of
        # a "child-locked-TTY-but-child-is-uncontactable-over-IPC"
        # condition.
        await Lock._debug_lock.acquire()
        if Lock.no_remote_has_tty is None:
            # mark the tty lock as being in use so that the runtime
            # can try to avoid clobbering any connection from a child
            # that's currently relying on it.
            Lock.no_remote_has_tty = trio.Event()
        Lock.global_actor_in_debug = uid
        log.runtime(f"TTY lock acquired, remote task: {task_name}:{uid}")
        # NOTE: critical section: this yield is unshielded!
        # IF we received a cancel during the shielded lock entry of some
        # next-in-queue requesting task, then the resumption here will
        # result in that ``trio.Cancelled`` being raised to our caller
        # (likely from ``lock_tty_for_child()`` below)!  In
        # this case the ``finally:`` below should trigger and the
        # surrounding caller side context should cancel normally
        # relaying back to the caller.
        yield Lock._debug_lock
    finally:
        if (
            we_acquired
            and Lock._debug_lock.locked()
        ):
            Lock._debug_lock.release()
        # IFF there are no more requesting tasks queued up fire, the
        # "tty-unlocked" event thereby alerting any monitors of the lock that
        # we are now back in the "tty unlocked" state. This is basically
        # and edge triggered signal around an empty queue of sub-actor
        # tasks that may have tried to acquire the lock.
        stats = Lock._debug_lock.statistics()
        if (
            not stats.owner
        ):
            log.runtime(f"No more tasks waiting on tty lock! says {uid}")
            if Lock.no_remote_has_tty is not None:
                Lock.no_remote_has_tty.set()
                Lock.no_remote_has_tty = None
        Lock.global_actor_in_debug = None
        log.runtime(
            f"TTY lock released, remote task: {task_name}:{uid}"
        )
@tractor.context
 async def lock_tty_for_child(
    ctx: tractor.Context,
    subactor_uid: tuple[str, str]
 ) -> str:
    '''
    Lock the TTY in the root process of an actor tree in a new
    inter-actor-context-task such that the ``pdbp`` debugger console
    can be mutex-allocated to the calling sub-actor for REPL control
    without interference by other processes / threads.
    NOTE: this task must be invoked in the root process of the actor
    tree. It is meant to be invoked as an rpc-task and should be
    highly reliable at releasing the mutex complete!
    '''
    task_name = trio.lowlevel.current_task().name
    if tuple(subactor_uid) in Lock._blocked:
        log.warning(
            f'Actor {subactor_uid} is blocked from acquiring debug lock\n'
            f"remote task: {task_name}:{subactor_uid}"
        )
        ctx._enter_debugger_on_cancel = False
        await ctx.cancel(f'Debug lock blocked for {subactor_uid}')
        return 'pdb_lock_blocked'
    # TODO: when we get to true remote debugging
    # this will deliver stdin data?
    log.debug(
        "Attempting to acquire TTY lock\n"
        f"remote task: {task_name}:{subactor_uid}"
    )
    log.debug(f"Actor {subactor_uid} is WAITING on stdin hijack lock")
    Lock.shield_sigint()
    try:
        with (
            trio.CancelScope(shield=True) as debug_lock_cs,
        ):
            Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug = debug_lock_cs
            async with _acquire_debug_lock_from_root_task(subactor_uid):
                # indicate to child that we've locked stdio
                await ctx.started('Locked')
                log.debug(
                    f"Actor {subactor_uid} acquired stdin hijack lock"
                )
                # wait for unlock pdb by child
                async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                    assert await stream.receive() == 'pdb_unlock'
        return "pdb_unlock_complete"
    finally:
        Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug = None
        Lock.unshield_sigint()
 async def wait_for_parent_stdin_hijack(
    actor_uid: tuple[str, str],
    task_status: TaskStatus[trio.CancelScope] = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED
 ):
    '''
    Connect to the root actor via a ``Context`` and invoke a task which
    locks a root-local TTY lock: ``lock_tty_for_child()``; this func
    should be called in a new task from a child actor **and never the
    root*.
    This function is used by any sub-actor to acquire mutex access to
    the ``pdb`` REPL and thus the root's TTY for interactive debugging
    (see below inside ``_breakpoint()``). It can be used to ensure that
    an intermediate nursery-owning actor does not clobber its children
    if they are in debug (see below inside
    ``maybe_wait_for_debugger()``).
    '''
    with trio.CancelScope(shield=True) as cs:
        Lock._debugger_request_cs = cs
        try:
            async with get_root() as portal:
                # this syncs to child's ``Context.started()`` call.
                async with portal.open_context(
                    tractor._debug.lock_tty_for_child,
                    subactor_uid=actor_uid,
                ) as (ctx, val):
                    log.debug('locked context')
                    assert val == 'Locked'
                    async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                        # unblock local caller
                        try:
                            assert Lock.local_pdb_complete
                            task_status.started(cs)
                            await Lock.local_pdb_complete.wait()
                        finally:
                            # TODO: shielding currently can cause hangs...
                            # with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                            await stream.send('pdb_unlock')
                        # sync with callee termination
                        assert await ctx.result() == "pdb_unlock_complete"
                log.debug('exitting child side locking task context')
        except ContextCancelled:
            log.warning('Root actor cancelled debug lock')
            raise
        finally:
            Lock.local_task_in_debug = None
            log.debug('Exiting debugger from child')
 def mk_mpdb() -> tuple[MultiActorPdb, Callable]:
    pdb = MultiActorPdb()
    # signal.signal = pdbp.hideframe(signal.signal)
    Lock.shield_sigint()
    # XXX: These are the important flags mentioned in
    # https://github.com/python-trio/trio/issues/1155
    # which resolve the traceback spews to console.
    pdb.allow_kbdint = True
    pdb.nosigint = True
    return pdb, Lock.unshield_sigint
 async def _breakpoint(
    debug_func,
    # TODO:
    # shield: bool = False
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Breakpoint entry for engaging debugger instance sync-interaction,
    from async code, executing in actor runtime (task).
    '''
    __tracebackhide__ = True
    actor = tractor.current_actor()
    pdb, undo_sigint = mk_mpdb()
    task_name = trio.lowlevel.current_task().name
    # TODO: is it possible to debug a trio.Cancelled except block?
    # right now it seems like we can kinda do with by shielding
    # around ``tractor.breakpoint()`` but not if we move the shielded
    # scope here???
    # with trio.CancelScope(shield=shield):
    #     await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
    if (
        not Lock.local_pdb_complete
        or Lock.local_pdb_complete.is_set()
    ):
        Lock.local_pdb_complete = trio.Event()
    # TODO: need a more robust check for the "root" actor
    if (
        not is_root_process()
        and actor._parent_chan  # a connected child
    ):
        if Lock.local_task_in_debug:
            # Recurrence entry case: this task already has the lock and
            # is likely recurrently entering a breakpoint
            if Lock.local_task_in_debug == task_name:
                # noop on recurrent entry case but we want to trigger
                # a checkpoint to allow other actors error-propagate and
                # potetially avoid infinite re-entries in some subactor.
                await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
                return
            # if **this** actor is already in debug mode block here
            # waiting for the control to be released - this allows
            # support for recursive entries to `tractor.breakpoint()`
            log.warning(f"{actor.uid} already has a debug lock, waiting...")
            await Lock.local_pdb_complete.wait()
            await trio.sleep(0.1)
        # mark local actor as "in debug mode" to avoid recurrent
        # entries/requests to the root process
        Lock.local_task_in_debug = task_name
        # this **must** be awaited by the caller and is done using the
        # root nursery so that the debugger can continue to run without
        # being restricted by the scope of a new task nursery.
        # TODO: if we want to debug a trio.Cancelled triggered exception
        # we have to figure out how to avoid having the service nursery
        # cancel on this task start? I *think* this works below:
        # ```python
        #   actor._service_n.cancel_scope.shield = shield
        # ```
        # but not entirely sure if that's a sane way to implement it?
        try:
            with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                await actor._service_n.start(
                    wait_for_parent_stdin_hijack,
                    actor.uid,
                )
                Lock.repl = pdb
        except RuntimeError:
            Lock.release()
            if actor._cancel_called:
                # service nursery won't be usable and we
                # don't want to lock up the root either way since
                # we're in (the midst of) cancellation.
                return
            raise
    elif is_root_process():
        # we also wait in the root-parent for any child that
        # may have the tty locked prior
        # TODO: wait, what about multiple root tasks acquiring it though?
        if Lock.global_actor_in_debug == actor.uid:
            # re-entrant root process already has it: noop.
            return
        # XXX: since we need to enter pdb synchronously below,
        # we have to release the lock manually from pdb completion
        # callbacks. Can't think of a nicer way then this atm.
        if Lock._debug_lock.locked():
            log.warning(
                'Root actor attempting to shield-acquire active tty lock'
                f' owned by {Lock.global_actor_in_debug}')
            # must shield here to avoid hitting a ``Cancelled`` and
            # a child getting stuck bc we clobbered the tty
            with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                await Lock._debug_lock.acquire()
        else:
            # may be cancelled
            await Lock._debug_lock.acquire()
        Lock.global_actor_in_debug = actor.uid
        Lock.local_task_in_debug = task_name
        Lock.repl = pdb
    try:
        # block here one (at the appropriate frame *up*) where
        # ``breakpoint()`` was awaited and begin handling stdio.
        log.debug("Entering the synchronous world of pdb")
        debug_func(actor, pdb)
    except bdb.BdbQuit:
        Lock.release()
        raise
    # XXX: apparently we can't do this without showing this frame
    # in the backtrace on first entry to the REPL? Seems like an odd
    # behaviour that should have been fixed by now. This is also why
    # we scrapped all the @cm approaches that were tried previously.
    # finally:
    #     __tracebackhide__ = True
    #     # frame = sys._getframe()
    #     # last_f = frame.f_back
    #     # last_f.f_globals['__tracebackhide__'] = True
    #     # signal.signal = pdbp.hideframe(signal.signal)
 def shield_sigint_handler(
    signum: int,
    frame: 'frame',  # type: ignore # noqa
    # pdb_obj: Optional[MultiActorPdb] = None,
    *args,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Specialized, debugger-aware SIGINT handler.
    In childred we always ignore to avoid deadlocks since cancellation
    should always be managed by the parent supervising actor. The root
    is always cancelled on ctrl-c.
    '''
    __tracebackhide__ = True
    uid_in_debug = Lock.global_actor_in_debug
    actor = tractor.current_actor()
    # print(f'{actor.uid} in HANDLER with ')
    def do_cancel():
        # If we haven't tried to cancel the runtime then do that instead
        # of raising a KBI (which may non-gracefully destroy
        # a ``trio.run()``).
        if not actor._cancel_called:
            actor.cancel_soon()
        # If the runtime is already cancelled it likely means the user
        # hit ctrl-c again because teardown didn't full take place in
        # which case we do the "hard" raising of a local KBI.
        else:
            raise KeyboardInterrupt
    any_connected = False
    if uid_in_debug is not None:
        # try to see if the supposed (sub)actor in debug still
        # has an active connection to *this* actor, and if not
        # it's likely they aren't using the TTY lock / debugger
        # and we should propagate SIGINT normally.
        chans = actor._peers.get(tuple(uid_in_debug))
        if chans:
            any_connected = any(chan.connected() for chan in chans)
            if not any_connected:
                log.warning(
                    'A global actor reported to be in debug '
                    'but no connection exists for this child:\n'
                    f'{uid_in_debug}\n'
                    'Allowing SIGINT propagation..'
                )
                return do_cancel()
    # only set in the actor actually running the REPL
    pdb_obj = Lock.repl
    # root actor branch that reports whether or not a child
    # has locked debugger.
    if (
        is_root_process()
        and uid_in_debug is not None
        # XXX: only if there is an existing connection to the
        # (sub-)actor in debug do we ignore SIGINT in this
        # parent! Otherwise we may hang waiting for an actor
        # which has already terminated to unlock.
        and any_connected
    ):
        # we are root and some actor is in debug mode
        # if uid_in_debug is not None:
        if pdb_obj:
            name = uid_in_debug[0]
            if name != 'root':
                log.pdb(
                    f"Ignoring SIGINT, child in debug mode: `{uid_in_debug}`"
                )
            else:
                log.pdb(
                    "Ignoring SIGINT while in debug mode"
                )
    elif (
        is_root_process()
    ):
        if pdb_obj:
            log.pdb(
                "Ignoring SIGINT since debug mode is enabled"
            )
        if (
            Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug
            and not Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug.cancel_called
        ):
            Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug.cancel()
            # revert back to ``trio`` handler asap!
            Lock.unshield_sigint()
    # child actor that has locked the debugger
    elif not is_root_process():
        chan: Channel = actor._parent_chan
        if not chan or not chan.connected():
            log.warning(
                'A global actor reported to be in debug '
                'but no connection exists for its parent:\n'
                f'{uid_in_debug}\n'
                'Allowing SIGINT propagation..'
            )
            return do_cancel()
        task = Lock.local_task_in_debug
        if (
            task
            and pdb_obj
        ):
            log.pdb(
                f"Ignoring SIGINT while task in debug mode: `{task}`"
            )
        # TODO: how to handle the case of an intermediary-child actor
        # that **is not** marked in debug mode? See oustanding issue:
        # https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320
        # elif debug_mode():
    else:  # XXX: shouldn't ever get here?
        print("WTFWTFWTF")
        raise KeyboardInterrupt
    # NOTE: currently (at least on ``fancycompleter`` 0.9.2)
    # it looks to be that the last command that was run (eg. ll)
    # will be repeated by default.
    # maybe redraw/print last REPL output to console since
    # we want to alert the user that more input is expect since
    # nothing has been done dur to ignoring sigint.
    if (
        pdb_obj  # only when this actor has a REPL engaged
    ):
        # XXX: yah, mega hack, but how else do we catch this madness XD
        if pdb_obj.shname == 'xonsh':
            pdb_obj.stdout.write(pdb_obj.prompt)
        pdb_obj.stdout.flush()
        # TODO: make this work like sticky mode where if there is output
        # detected as written to the tty we redraw this part underneath
        # and erase the past draw of this same bit above?
        # pdb_obj.sticky = True
        # pdb_obj._print_if_sticky()
        # also see these links for an approach from ``ptk``:
        # https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/130#issuecomment-663752040
        # https://github.com/prompt-toolkit/python-prompt-toolkit/blob/c2c6af8a0308f9e5d7c0e28cb8a02963fe0ce07a/prompt_toolkit/patch_stdout.py
        # XXX LEGACY: lol, see ``pdbpp`` issue:
        # https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp/issues/496
 def _set_trace(
    actor: tractor.Actor | None = None,
    pdb: MultiActorPdb | None = None,
 ):
    __tracebackhide__ = True
    actor = actor or tractor.current_actor()
    # start 2 levels up in user code
    frame: Optional[FrameType] = sys._getframe()
    if frame:
        frame = frame.f_back  # type: ignore
    if (
        frame
        and pdb
        and actor is not None
    ):
        log.pdb(f"\nAttaching pdb to actor: {actor.uid}\n")
        # no f!#$&* idea, but when we're in async land
        # we need 2x frames up?
        frame = frame.f_back
    else:
        pdb, undo_sigint = mk_mpdb()
        # we entered the global ``breakpoint()`` built-in from sync
        # code?
        Lock.local_task_in_debug = 'sync'
    pdb.set_trace(frame=frame)
 breakpoint = partial(
    _breakpoint,
    _set_trace,
 )
 def _post_mortem(
    actor: tractor.Actor,
    pdb: MultiActorPdb,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Enter the ``pdbpp`` port mortem entrypoint using our custom
    debugger instance.
    '''
    log.pdb(f"\nAttaching to pdb in crashed actor: {actor.uid}\n")
    # TODO: you need ``pdbpp`` master (at least this commit
    # https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp/commit/b757794857f98d53e3ebbe70879663d7d843a6c2)
    # to fix this and avoid the hang it causes. See issue:
    # https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp/issues/480
    # TODO: help with a 3.10+ major release if/when it arrives.
    pdbp.xpm(Pdb=lambda: pdb)
 post_mortem = partial(
    _breakpoint,
    _post_mortem,
 )
 async def _maybe_enter_pm(err):
    if (
        debug_mode()
        # NOTE: don't enter debug mode recursively after quitting pdb
        # Iow, don't re-enter the repl if the `quit` command was issued
        # by the user.
        and not isinstance(err, bdb.BdbQuit)
        # XXX: if the error is the likely result of runtime-wide
        # cancellation, we don't want to enter the debugger since
        # there's races between when the parent actor has killed all
        # comms and when the child tries to contact said parent to
        # acquire the tty lock.
        # Really we just want to mostly avoid catching KBIs here so there
        # might be a simpler check we can do?
        and not is_multi_cancelled(err)
    ):
        log.debug("Actor crashed, entering debug mode")
        try:
            await post_mortem()
        finally:
            Lock.release()
            return True
    else:
        return False
@acm
 async def acquire_debug_lock(
    subactor_uid: tuple[str, str],
 ) -> AsyncGenerator[None, tuple]:
    '''
    Grab root's debug lock on entry, release on exit.
    This helper is for actor's who don't actually need
    to acquired the debugger but want to wait until the
    lock is free in the process-tree root.
    '''
    if not debug_mode():
        yield None
        return
    async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
        cs = await n.start(
            wait_for_parent_stdin_hijack,
            subactor_uid,
        )
        yield None
        cs.cancel()
 async def maybe_wait_for_debugger(
    poll_steps: int = 2,
    poll_delay: float = 0.1,
    child_in_debug: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    if (
        not debug_mode()
        and not child_in_debug
    ):
        return
    if (
        is_root_process()
    ):
        # If we error in the root but the debugger is
        # engaged we don't want to prematurely kill (and
        # thus clobber access to) the local tty since it
        # will make the pdb repl unusable.
        # Instead try to wait for pdb to be released before
        # tearing down.
        sub_in_debug = None
        for _ in range(poll_steps):
            if Lock.global_actor_in_debug:
                sub_in_debug = tuple(Lock.global_actor_in_debug)
            log.debug('Root polling for debug')
            with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                await trio.sleep(poll_delay)
                # TODO: could this make things more deterministic?  wait
                # to see if a sub-actor task will be scheduled and grab
                # the tty lock on the next tick?
                # XXX: doesn't seem to work
                # await trio.testing.wait_all_tasks_blocked(cushion=0)
                debug_complete = Lock.no_remote_has_tty
                if (
                    (debug_complete and
                     not debug_complete.is_set())
                ):
                    log.debug(
                        'Root has errored but pdb is in use by '
                        f'child {sub_in_debug}\n'
                        'Waiting on tty lock to release..')
                    await debug_complete.wait()
                await trio.sleep(poll_delay)
                continue
        else:
            log.debug(
                    'Root acquired TTY LOCK'
            )
--- a/tractor/_discovery.py
+++ b/tractor/_discovery.py
@ -1,129 +1,57 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 Actor discovery API.
 """
-from typing import (
+import typing
-    Optional,
+from typing import Tuple, Optional, Union
-    Union,
+from async_generator import asynccontextmanager
    AsyncGenerator,
 )
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
-from ._ipc import _connect_chan, Channel
+from ._ipc import _connect_chan
 from ._portal import (
    Portal,
    open_portal,
    LocalPortal,
 )
-from ._state import current_actor, _runtime_vars
+from ._state import current_actor
-@acm
+@asynccontextmanager
 async def get_arbiter(
-
+    host: str, port: int
-    host: str,
+) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[Union[Portal, LocalPortal], None]:
-    port: int,
+    """Return a portal instance connected to a local or remote
 ) -> AsyncGenerator[Union[Portal, LocalPortal], None]:
    '''Return a portal instance connected to a local or remote
    arbiter.
-    '''
+    """
    actor = current_actor()
    if not actor:
        raise RuntimeError("No actor instance has been defined yet?")
    if actor.is_arbiter:
        # we're already the arbiter
        # (likely a re-entrant call from the arbiter actor)
-        yield LocalPortal(actor, Channel((host, port)))
+        yield LocalPortal(actor)
    else:
        async with _connect_chan(host, port) as chan:
            async with open_portal(chan) as arb_portal:
                yield arb_portal
-@acm
+@asynccontextmanager
-async def get_root(
+async def find_actor(
-    **kwargs,
+    name: str, arbiter_sockaddr: Tuple[str, int] = None
-) -> AsyncGenerator[Portal, None]:
+) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[Optional[Portal], None]:
    """Ask the arbiter to find actor(s) by name.
-    host, port = _runtime_vars['_root_mailbox']
+    Returns a connected portal to the last registered matching actor
-    assert host is not None
+    known to the arbiter.
-
+    """
    async with _connect_chan(host, port) as chan:
        async with open_portal(chan, **kwargs) as portal:
            yield portal
@acm
 async def query_actor(
    name: str,
    arbiter_sockaddr: Optional[tuple[str, int]] = None,
 ) -> AsyncGenerator[tuple[str, int], None]:
    '''
    Simple address lookup for a given actor name.
    Returns the (socket) address or ``None``.
    '''
    actor = current_actor()
-    async with get_arbiter(
+    async with get_arbiter(*arbiter_sockaddr or actor._arb_addr) as arb_portal:
-        *arbiter_sockaddr or actor._arb_addr
+        sockaddr = await arb_portal.run('self', 'find_actor', name=name)
    ) as arb_portal:
        sockaddr = await arb_portal.run_from_ns(
            'self',
            'find_actor',
            name=name,
        )
        # TODO: return portals to all available actors - for now just
        # the last one that registered
        if name == 'arbiter' and actor.is_arbiter:
            raise RuntimeError("The current actor is the arbiter")
-
+        elif sockaddr:
        yield sockaddr if sockaddr else None
@acm
 async def find_actor(
    name: str,
    arbiter_sockaddr: tuple[str, int] | None = None
 ) -> AsyncGenerator[Optional[Portal], None]:
    '''
    Ask the arbiter to find actor(s) by name.
    Returns a connected portal to the last registered matching actor
    known to the arbiter.
    '''
    async with query_actor(
        name=name,
        arbiter_sockaddr=arbiter_sockaddr,
    ) as sockaddr:
        if sockaddr:
            async with _connect_chan(*sockaddr) as chan:
                async with open_portal(chan) as portal:
                    yield portal
@ -131,27 +59,19 @@ async def find_actor(
            yield None
-@acm
+@asynccontextmanager
 async def wait_for_actor(
    name: str,
-    arbiter_sockaddr: tuple[str, int] | None = None
+    arbiter_sockaddr: Tuple[str, int] = None
-) -> AsyncGenerator[Portal, None]:
+) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[Portal, None]:
    """Wait on an actor to register with the arbiter.
    A portal to the first registered actor is returned.
    """
    actor = current_actor()
-
+    async with get_arbiter(*arbiter_sockaddr or actor._arb_addr) as arb_portal:
-    async with get_arbiter(
+        sockaddrs = await arb_portal.run('self', 'wait_for_actor', name=name)
        *arbiter_sockaddr or actor._arb_addr,
    ) as arb_portal:
        sockaddrs = await arb_portal.run_from_ns(
            'self',
            'wait_for_actor',
            name=name,
        )
        sockaddr = sockaddrs[-1]
        async with _connect_chan(*sockaddr) as chan:
            async with open_portal(chan) as portal:
                yield portal
--- a/tractor/_entry.py
+++ b/tractor/_entry.py
@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 Sub-process entry points.
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 from functools import partial
 from typing import (
    Any,
    TYPE_CHECKING,
 )
 import trio  # type: ignore
 from .log import (
    get_console_log,
    get_logger,
 )
 from . import _state
 from .to_asyncio import run_as_asyncio_guest
 from ._runtime import (
    async_main,
    Actor,
 )
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ._spawn import SpawnMethodKey
 log = get_logger(__name__)
 def _mp_main(
    actor: Actor,  # type: ignore
    accept_addr: tuple[str, int],
    forkserver_info: tuple[Any, Any, Any, Any, Any],
    start_method: SpawnMethodKey,
    parent_addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
    infect_asyncio: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    The routine called *after fork* which invokes a fresh ``trio.run``
    '''
    actor._forkserver_info = forkserver_info
    from ._spawn import try_set_start_method
    spawn_ctx = try_set_start_method(start_method)
    if actor.loglevel is not None:
        log.info(
            f"Setting loglevel for {actor.uid} to {actor.loglevel}")
        get_console_log(actor.loglevel)
    assert spawn_ctx
    log.info(
        f"Started new {spawn_ctx.current_process()} for {actor.uid}")
    _state._current_actor = actor
    log.debug(f"parent_addr is {parent_addr}")
    trio_main = partial(
        async_main,
        actor,
        accept_addr,
        parent_addr=parent_addr
    )
    try:
        if infect_asyncio:
            actor._infected_aio = True
            run_as_asyncio_guest(trio_main)
        else:
            trio.run(trio_main)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass  # handle it the same way trio does?
    finally:
        log.info(f"Actor {actor.uid} terminated")
 def _trio_main(
    actor: Actor,  # type: ignore
    *,
    parent_addr: tuple[str, int] | None = None,
    infect_asyncio: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
    '''
    Entry point for a `trio_run_in_process` subactor.
    '''
    log.info(f"Started new trio process for {actor.uid}")
    if actor.loglevel is not None:
        log.info(
            f"Setting loglevel for {actor.uid} to {actor.loglevel}")
        get_console_log(actor.loglevel)
    log.info(
        f"Started {actor.uid}")
    _state._current_actor = actor
    log.debug(f"parent_addr is {parent_addr}")
    trio_main = partial(
        async_main,
        actor,
        parent_addr=parent_addr
    )
    try:
        if infect_asyncio:
            actor._infected_aio = True
            run_as_asyncio_guest(trio_main)
        else:
            trio.run(trio_main)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        log.warning(f"Actor {actor.uid} received KBI")
    finally:
        log.info(f"Actor {actor.uid} terminated")
--- a/tractor/_exceptions.py
+++ b/tractor/_exceptions.py
@ -1,58 +1,35 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 Our classy exception set.
 """
 from typing import (
    Any,
    Optional,
    Type,
 )
 import importlib
 import builtins
 import traceback
 import exceptiongroup as eg
 import trio
 _this_mod = importlib.import_module(__name__)
 class ActorFailure(Exception):
    "General actor failure"
 class RemoteActorError(Exception):
    # TODO: local recontruction of remote exception deats
    "Remote actor exception bundled locally"
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(self, message, type_str, **msgdata):
        self,
        message: str,
        suberror_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]] = None,
        **msgdata
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__(message)
        for ns in [builtins, _this_mod, trio]:
            try:
                self.type = getattr(ns, type_str)
                break
            except AttributeError:
                continue
        else:
            self.type = Exception
        self.type = suberror_type
        self.msgdata = msgdata
    # TODO: a trio.MultiError.catch like context manager
    # for catching underlying remote errors of a particular type
 class InternalActorError(RemoteActorError):
    """Remote internal ``tractor`` error indicating
@ -60,14 +37,6 @@ class InternalActorError(RemoteActorError):
    """
 class TransportClosed(trio.ClosedResourceError):
    "Underlying channel transport was closed prior to use"
 class ContextCancelled(RemoteActorError):
    "Inter-actor task context cancelled itself on the callee side."
 class NoResult(RuntimeError):
    "No final result is expected for this actor"
@ -76,102 +45,24 @@ class ModuleNotExposed(ModuleNotFoundError):
    "The requested module is not exposed for RPC"
-class NoRuntime(RuntimeError):
+def pack_error(exc):
    "The root actor has not been initialized yet"
 class StreamOverrun(trio.TooSlowError):
    "This stream was overrun by sender"
 class AsyncioCancelled(Exception):
    '''
    Asyncio cancelled translation (non-base) error
    for use with the ``to_asyncio`` module
    to be raised in the ``trio`` side task
    '''
 def pack_error(
    exc: BaseException,
    tb=None,
 ) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Create an "error message" for tranmission over
    a channel (aka the wire).
    """
    if tb:
        tb_str = ''.join(traceback.format_tb(tb))
    else:
        tb_str = traceback.format_exc()
    return {
        'error': {
-            'tb_str': tb_str,
+            'tb_str': traceback.format_exc(),
            'type_str': type(exc).__name__,
        }
    }
-def unpack_error(
+def unpack_error(msg, chan=None, err_type=RemoteActorError):
-
+    """Unpack an 'error' message from the wire
    msg: dict[str, Any],
    chan=None,
    err_type=RemoteActorError
 ) -> Exception:
    '''
    Unpack an 'error' message from the wire
    into a local ``RemoteActorError``.
-
+    """
-    '''
+    tb_str = msg['error'].get('tb_str', '')
-    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    return err_type(
-    error = msg['error']
+        f"{chan.uid}\n" + tb_str,
    tb_str = error.get('tb_str', '')
    message = f"{chan.uid}\n" + tb_str
    type_name = error['type_str']
    suberror_type: Type[BaseException] = Exception
    if type_name == 'ContextCancelled':
        err_type = ContextCancelled
        suberror_type = trio.Cancelled
    else:  # try to lookup a suitable local error type
        for ns in [
            builtins,
            _this_mod,
            eg,
            trio,
        ]:
            try:
                suberror_type = getattr(ns, type_name)
                break
            except AttributeError:
                continue
    exc = err_type(
        message,
        suberror_type=suberror_type,
        # unpack other fields into error type init
        **msg['error'],
    )
    return exc
 def is_multi_cancelled(exc: BaseException) -> bool:
    '''
    Predicate to determine if a possible ``eg.BaseExceptionGroup`` contains
    only ``trio.Cancelled`` sub-exceptions (and is likely the result of
    cancelling a collection of subtasks.
    '''
    if isinstance(exc, eg.BaseExceptionGroup):
        return exc.subgroup(
            lambda exc: isinstance(exc, trio.Cancelled)
        ) is not None
    return False
--- a/tractor/_forkserver_override.py
+++ b/tractor/_forkserver_override.py
@ -1,19 +1,3 @@
 # tractor: structured concurrent "actors".
 # Copyright 2018-eternity Tyler Goodlet.
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 This is near-copy of the 3.8 stdlib's ``multiprocessing.forkserver.py``
 with some hackery to prevent any more then a single forkserver and
@ -22,8 +6,6 @@ semaphore tracker per ``MainProcess``.
 .. note:: There is no type hinting in this code base (yet) to remain as
          a close as possible to upstream.
 """
 # type: ignore
 import os
 import socket
 import signal
@ -138,7 +120,6 @@ class PatchedForkServer(ForkServer):
            with socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX) as listener:
                address = connection.arbitrary_address('AF_UNIX')
                listener.bind(address)
                if not util.is_abstract_socket_namespace(address):
                os.chmod(address, 0o600)
                listener.listen()
@ -253,7 +234,7 @@ def main(listener_fd, alive_r, preload, main_path=None, sys_path=None):
                            os.close(child_w)
                        else:
                            # This shouldn't happen really
-                            warnings.warning('forkserver: waitpid returned '
+                            warnings.warn('forkserver: waitpid returned '
                                          'unexpected pid %d' % pid)
                if listener in rfds:
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
		`@ -1,2 +0,0 @@`
			`# https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/using-manifest-in/#using-manifest-in`
			`include docs/README.rst`