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Tyler Goodlet 704c0a0cd5 WIP doing some attrib-ing 2018-08-18 22:22:39 -04:00
156 changed files with 2763 additions and 41799 deletions

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@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
name: CI
on:
# any time someone pushes a new branch to origin
push:
# Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab
workflow_dispatch:
jobs:
mypy:
name: 'MyPy'
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Setup python
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: '3.11'
- name: Install dependencies
run: pip install -U . --upgrade-strategy eager -r requirements-test.txt
- name: Run MyPy check
run: mypy tractor/ --ignore-missing-imports --show-traceback
# test that we can generate a software distribution and install it
# thus avoid missing file issues after packaging.
sdist-linux:
name: 'sdist'
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Setup python
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: '3.11'
- name: Build sdist
run: python setup.py sdist --formats=zip
- name: Install sdist from .zips
run: python -m pip install dist/*.zip
testing-linux:
name: '${{ matrix.os }} Python ${{ matrix.python }} - ${{ matrix.spawn_backend }}'
timeout-minutes: 10
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
os: [ubuntu-latest]
python: ['3.11']
spawn_backend: [
'trio',
'mp_spawn',
'mp_forkserver',
]
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Setup python
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: '${{ matrix.python }}'
- name: Install dependencies
run: pip install -U . -r requirements-test.txt -r requirements-docs.txt --upgrade-strategy eager
- name: List dependencies
run: pip list
- name: Run tests
run: pytest tests/ --spawn-backend=${{ matrix.spawn_backend }} -rsx
# We skip 3.10 on windows for now due to not having any collabs to
# debug the CI failures. Anyone wanting to hack and solve them is very
# welcome, but our primary user base is not using that OS.
# TODO: use job filtering to accomplish instead of repeated
# boilerplate as is above XD:
# - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/managing-complex-workflows
# - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/managing-complex-workflows#using-a-build-matrix
# - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idif
# testing-windows:
# name: '${{ matrix.os }} Python ${{ matrix.python }} - ${{ matrix.spawn_backend }}'
# timeout-minutes: 12
# runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
# strategy:
# fail-fast: false
# matrix:
# os: [windows-latest]
# python: ['3.10']
# spawn_backend: ['trio', 'mp']
# steps:
# - name: Checkout
# uses: actions/checkout@v2
# - name: Setup python
# uses: actions/setup-python@v2
# with:
# python-version: '${{ matrix.python }}'
# - name: Install dependencies
# run: pip install -U . -r requirements-test.txt -r requirements-docs.txt --upgrade-strategy eager
# # TODO: pretty sure this solves debugger deps-issues on windows, but it needs to
# # be verified by someone with a native setup.
# # - name: Force pyreadline3
# # run: pip uninstall pyreadline; pip install -U pyreadline3
# - name: List dependencies
# run: pip list
# - name: Run tests
# run: pytest tests/ --spawn-backend=${{ matrix.spawn_backend }} -rsx

13
.travis.yml 100644
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@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
language: python
python:
- '3.6'
# setup.py reading README breaks this?
# - pypy
# - nightly
install:
- cd $TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR
- pip install -U . -r requirements-test.txt
script:
- pytest tests/ --no-print-logs

147
LICENSE
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@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 19 November 2007
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
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The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
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our General Public Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to
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software for all its users.
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
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any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
@ -24,34 +26,44 @@ them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
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Developers that use our General Public Licenses protect your rights
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you this License which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute
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To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
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A secondary benefit of defending all users' freedom is that
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receive widespread use, become available for other developers to
incorporate. Many developers of free software are heartened and
encouraged by the resulting cooperation. However, in the case of
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The GNU General Public License permits making a modified version and
letting the public access it on a server without ever releasing its
source code to the public.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
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The GNU Affero General Public License is designed specifically to
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Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
@ -60,7 +72,7 @@ modification follow.
0. Definitions.
"This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License.
"This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
"Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
works, such as semiconductor masks.
@ -537,45 +549,35 @@ to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
13. Remote Network Interaction; Use with the GNU General Public License.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if you modify the
Program, your modified version must prominently offer all users
interacting with it remotely through a computer network (if your version
supports such interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding
Source of your version by providing access to the Corresponding Source
from a network server at no charge, through some standard or customary
means of facilitating copying of software. This Corresponding Source
shall include the Corresponding Source for any work covered by version 3
of the GNU General Public License that is incorporated pursuant to the
following paragraph.
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
under version 3 of the GNU General Public License into a single
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
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License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
but the work with which it is combined will remain governed by version
3 of the GNU General Public License.
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
combination as such.
14. Revised Versions of this License.
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
the GNU Affero General Public License from time to time. Such new versions
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
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@ -633,29 +635,40 @@ the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
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<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
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The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
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<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
# https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/using-manifest-in/#using-manifest-in
include docs/README.rst

528
NEWS.rst
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@ -1,528 +0,0 @@
=========
Changelog
=========
.. towncrier release notes start
tractor 0.1.0a5 (2022-08-03)
============================
This is our final release supporting Python 3.9 since we will be moving
internals to the new `match:` syntax from 3.10 going forward and
further, we have officially dropped usage of the `msgpack` library and
happily adopted `msgspec`.
Features
--------
- `#165 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/165>`_: Add SIGINT
protection to our `pdbpp` based debugger subystem such that for
(single-depth) actor trees in debug mode we ignore interrupts in any
actor currently holding the TTY lock thus avoiding clobbering IPC
connections and/or task and process state when working in the REPL.
As a big note currently so called "nested" actor trees (trees with
actors having more then one parent/ancestor) are not fully supported
since we don't yet have a mechanism to relay the debug mode knowledge
"up" the actor tree (for eg. when handling a crash in a leaf actor).
As such currently there is a set of tests and known scenarios which will
result in process cloberring by the zombie repaing machinery and these
have been documented in https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320.
The implementation details include:
- utilizing a custom SIGINT handler which we apply whenever an actor's
runtime enters the debug machinery, which we also make sure the
stdlib's `pdb` configuration doesn't override (which it does by
default without special instance config).
- litter the runtime with `maybe_wait_for_debugger()` mostly in spots
where the root actor should block before doing embedded nursery
teardown ops which both cancel potential-children-in-deubg as well
as eventually trigger zombie reaping machinery.
- hardening of the TTY locking semantics/API both in terms of IPC
terminations and cancellation and lock release determinism from
sync debugger instance methods.
- factoring of locking infrastructure into a new `._debug.Lock` global
which encapsulates all details of the ``trio`` sync primitives and
task/actor uid management and tracking.
We also add `ctrl-c` cases throughout the test suite though these are
disabled for py3.9 (`pdbpp` UX differences that don't seem worth
compensating for, especially since this will be our last 3.9 supported
release) and there are a slew of marked cases that aren't expected to
work in CI more generally (as mentioned in the "nested" tree note
above) despite seemingly working when run manually on linux.
- `#304 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/304>`_: Add a new
``to_asyncio.LinkedTaskChannel.subscribe()`` which gives task-oriented
broadcast functionality semantically equivalent to
``tractor.MsgStream.subscribe()`` this makes it possible for multiple
``trio``-side tasks to consume ``asyncio``-side task msgs in tandem.
Further Improvements to the test suite were added in this patch set
including a new scenario test for a sub-actor managed "service nursery"
(implementing the basics of a "service manager") including use of
*infected asyncio* mode. Further we added a lower level
``test_trioisms.py`` to start to track issues we need to work around in
``trio`` itself which in this case included a bug we were trying to
solve related to https://github.com/python-trio/trio/issues/2258.
Bug Fixes
---------
- `#318 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/318>`_: Fix
a previously undetected ``trio``-``asyncio`` task lifetime linking
issue with the ``to_asyncio.open_channel_from()`` api where both sides
where not properly waiting/signalling termination and it was possible
for ``asyncio``-side errors to not propagate due to a race condition.
The implementation fix summary is:
- add state to signal the end of the ``trio`` side task to be
read by the ``asyncio`` side and always cancel any ongoing
task in such cases.
- always wait on the ``asyncio`` task termination from the ``trio``
side on error before maybe raising said error.
- always close the ``trio`` mem chan on exit to ensure the other
side can detect it and follow.
Trivial/Internal Changes
------------------------
- `#248 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/248>`_: Adjust the
`tractor._spawn.soft_wait()` strategy to avoid sending an actor cancel
request (via `Portal.cancel_actor()`) if either the child process is
detected as having terminated or the IPC channel is detected to be
closed.
This ensures (even) more deterministic inter-actor cancellation by
avoiding the timeout condition where possible when a whild never
sucessfully spawned, crashed, or became un-contactable over IPC.
- `#295 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/295>`_: Add an
experimental ``tractor.msg.NamespacePath`` type for passing Python
objects by "reference" through a ``str``-subtype message and using the
new ``pkgutil.resolve_name()`` for reference loading.
- `#298 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/298>`_: Add a new
`tractor.experimental` subpackage for staging new high level APIs and
subystems that we might eventually make built-ins.
- `#300 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/300>`_: Update to and
pin latest ``msgpack`` (1.0.3) and ``msgspec`` (0.4.0) both of which
required adjustments for backwards imcompatible API tweaks.
- `#303 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/303>`_: Fence off
``multiprocessing`` imports until absolutely necessary in an effort to
avoid "resource tracker" spawning side effects that seem to have
varying degrees of unreliability per Python release. Port to new
``msgspec.DecodeError``.
- `#305 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/305>`_: Add
``tractor.query_actor()`` an addr looker-upper which doesn't deliver
a ``Portal`` instance and instead just a socket address ``tuple``.
Sometimes it's handy to just have a simple way to figure out if
a "service" actor is up, so add this discovery helper for that. We'll
prolly just leave it undocumented for now until we figure out
a longer-term/better discovery system.
- `#316 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/316>`_: Run windows
CI jobs on python 3.10 after some hacks for ``pdbpp`` dependency
issues.
Issue was to do with the now deprecated `pyreadline` project which
should be changed over to `pyreadline3`.
- `#317 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/317>`_: Drop use of
the ``msgpack`` package and instead move fully to the ``msgspec``
codec library.
We've now used ``msgspec`` extensively in production and there's no
reason to not use it as default. Further this change preps us for the up
and coming typed messaging semantics (#196), dialog-unprotocol system
(#297), and caps-based messaging-protocols (#299) planned before our
first beta.
tractor 0.1.0a4 (2021-12-18)
============================
Features
--------
- `#275 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/275>`_: Re-license
code base under AGPLv3. Also see `#274
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/274>`_ for majority
contributor consensus on this decision.
- `#121 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/121>`_: Add
"infected ``asyncio`` mode; a sub-system to spawn and control
``asyncio`` actors using ``trio``'s guest-mode.
This gets us the following very interesting functionality:
- ability to spawn an actor that has a process entry point of
``asyncio.run()`` by passing ``infect_asyncio=True`` to
``Portal.start_actor()`` (and friends).
- the ``asyncio`` actor embeds ``trio`` using guest-mode and starts
a main ``trio`` task which runs the ``tractor.Actor._async_main()``
entry point engages all the normal ``tractor`` runtime IPC/messaging
machinery; for all purposes the actor is now running normally on
a ``trio.run()``.
- the actor can now make one-to-one task spawning requests to the
underlying ``asyncio`` event loop using either of:
* ``to_asyncio.run_task()`` to spawn and run an ``asyncio`` task to
completion and block until a return value is delivered.
* ``async with to_asyncio.open_channel_from():`` which spawns a task
and hands it a pair of "memory channels" to allow for bi-directional
streaming between the now SC-linked ``trio`` and ``asyncio`` tasks.
The output from any call(s) to ``asyncio`` can be handled as normal in
``trio``/``tractor`` task operation with the caveat of the overhead due
to guest-mode use.
For more details see the `original PR
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/121>`_ and `issue
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/120>`_.
- `#257 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/257>`_: Add
``trionics.maybe_open_context()`` an actor-scoped async multi-task
context manager resource caching API.
Adds an SC-safe cacheing async context manager api that only enters on
the *first* task entry and only exits on the *last* task exit while in
between delivering the same cached value per input key. Keys can be
either an explicit ``key`` named arg provided by the user or a
hashable ``kwargs`` dict (will be converted to a ``list[tuple]``) which
is passed to the underlying manager function as input.
- `#261 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/261>`_: Add
cross-actor-task ``Context`` oriented error relay, a new stream
overrun error-signal ``StreamOverrun``, and support disabling
``MsgStream`` backpressure as the default before a stream is opened or
by choice of the user.
We added stricter semantics around ``tractor.Context.open_stream():``
particularly to do with streams which are only opened at one end.
Previously, if only one end opened a stream there was no way for that
sender to know if msgs are being received until first, the feeder mem
chan on the receiver side hit a backpressure state and then that
condition delayed its msg loop processing task to eventually create
backpressure on the associated IPC transport. This is non-ideal in the
case where the receiver side never opened a stream by mistake since it
results in silent block of the sender and no adherence to the underlying
mem chan buffer size settings (which is still unsolved btw).
To solve this we add non-backpressure style message pushing inside
``Actor._push_result()`` by default and only use the backpressure
``trio.MemorySendChannel.send()`` call **iff** the local end of the
context has entered ``Context.open_stream():``. This way if the stream
was never opened but the mem chan is overrun, we relay back to the
sender a (new exception) ``SteamOverrun`` error which is raised in the
sender's scope with a special error message about the stream never
having been opened. Further, this behaviour (non-backpressure style
where senders can expect an error on overruns) can now be enabled with
``.open_stream(backpressure=False)`` and the underlying mem chan size
can be specified with a kwarg ``msg_buffer_size: int``.
Further bug fixes and enhancements in this changeset include:
- fix a race we were ignoring where if the callee task opened a context
it could enter ``Context.open_stream()`` before calling
``.started()``.
- Disallow calling ``Context.started()`` more then once.
- Enable ``Context`` linked tasks error relaying via the new
``Context._maybe_raise_from_remote_msg()`` which (for now) uses
a simple ``trio.Nursery.start_soon()`` to raise the error via closure
in the local scope.
- `#267 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/267>`_: This
(finally) adds fully acknowledged remote cancellation messaging
support for both explicit ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` calls as well as
when there is a "runtime-wide" cancellations (eg. during KBI or
general actor nursery exception handling which causes a full actor
"crash"/termination).
You can think of this as the most ideal case in 2-generals where the
actor requesting the cancel of its child is able to always receive back
the ACK to that request. This leads to a more deterministic shutdown of
the child where the parent is able to wait for the child to fully
respond to the request. On a localhost setup, where the parent can
monitor the state of the child through process or other OS APIs instead
of solely through IPC messaging, the parent can know whether or not the
child decided to cancel with more certainty. In the case of separate
hosts, we still rely on a simple timeout approach until such a time
where we prefer to get "fancier".
- `#271 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/271>`_: Add a per
actor ``debug_mode: bool`` control to our nursery.
This allows spawning actors via ``ActorNursery.start_actor()`` (and
other dependent methods) with a ``debug_mode=True`` flag much like
``tractor.open_nursery():`` such that per process crash handling
can be toggled for cases where a user does not need/want all child actors
to drop into the debugger on error. This is often useful when you have
actor-tasks which are expected to error often (and be re-run) but want
to specifically interact with some (problematic) child.
Bugfixes
--------
- `#239 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/239>`_: Fix
keyboard interrupt handling in ``Portal.open_context()`` blocks.
Previously this was not triggering cancellation of the remote task
context and could result in hangs if a stream was also opened. This
fix is to accept `BaseException` since it is likely any other top
level exception other then KBI (even though not expected) should also
get this result.
- `#264 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/264>`_: Fix
``Portal.run_in_actor()`` returns ``None`` result.
``None`` was being used as the cached result flag and obviously breaks
on a ``None`` returned from the remote target task. This would cause an
infinite hang if user code ever called ``Portal.result()`` *before* the
nursery exit. The simple fix is to use the *return message* as the
initial "no-result-received-yet" flag value and, once received, the
return value is read from the message to avoid the cache logic error.
- `#266 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/266>`_: Fix
graceful cancellation of daemon actors
Previously, his was a bug where if the soft wait on a sub-process (the
``await .proc.wait()``) in the reaper task teardown was cancelled we
would fail over to the hard reaping sequence (meant for culling off any
potential zombies via system kill signals). The hard reap has a timeout
of 3s (currently though in theory we could make it shorter?) before
system signalling kicks in. This means that any daemon actor still
running during nursery exit would get hard reaped (3s later) instead of
cancelled via IPC message. Now we catch the ``trio.Cancelled``, call
``Portal.cancel_actor()`` on the daemon and expect the child to
self-terminate after the runtime cancels and shuts down the process.
- `#278 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/278>`_: Repair
inter-actor stream closure semantics to work correctly with
``tractor.trionics.BroadcastReceiver`` task fan out usage.
A set of previously unknown bugs discovered in `#257
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/257>`_ let graceful stream
closure result in hanging consumer tasks that use the broadcast APIs.
This adds better internal closure state tracking to the broadcast
receiver and message stream APIs and in particular ensures that when an
underlying stream/receive-channel (a broadcast receiver is receiving
from) is closed, all consumer tasks waiting on that underlying channel
are woken so they can receive the ``trio.EndOfChannel`` signal and
promptly terminate.
tractor 0.1.0a3 (2021-11-02)
============================
Features
--------
- Switch to using the ``trio`` process spawner by default on windows. (#166)
This gets windows users debugger support (manually tested) and in
general a more resilient (nested) actor tree implementation.
- Add optional `msgspec <https://jcristharif.com/msgspec/>`_ support
as an alernative, faster MessagePack codec. (#214)
Provides us with a path toward supporting typed IPC message contracts. Further,
``msgspec`` structs may be a valid tool to start for formalizing our
"SC dialog un-protocol" messages as described in `#36
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/36>`_.
- Introduce a new ``tractor.trionics`` `sub-package`_ that exposes
a selection of our relevant high(er) level trio primitives and
goodies. (#241)
At outset we offer a ``gather_contexts()`` context manager for
concurrently entering a sequence of async context managers (much like
a version of ``asyncio.gather()`` but for context managers) and use it
in a new ``tractor.open_actor_cluster()`` manager-helper that can be
entered to concurrently spawn a flat actor pool. We also now publicly
expose our "broadcast channel" APIs (``open_broadcast_receiver()``)
from here.
.. _sub-package: ../tractor/trionics
- Change the core message loop to handle task and actor-runtime cancel
requests immediately instead of scheduling them as is done for rpc-task
requests. (#245)
In order to obtain more reliable teardown mechanics for (complex) actor
trees it's important that we specially treat cancel requests as having
higher priority. Previously, it was possible that task cancel requests
could actually also themselves be cancelled if a "actor-runtime" cancel
request was received (can happen during messy multi actor crashes that
propagate). Instead cancels now block the msg loop until serviced and
a response is relayed back to the requester. This also allows for
improved debugger support since we have determinism guarantees about
which processes must wait before hard killing their children.
- (`#248 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/248>`_) Drop Python
3.8 support in favour of rolling with two latest releases for the time
being.
Misc
----
- (`#243 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/243>`_) add a distinct
``'CANCEL'`` log level to allow the runtime to emit details about
cancellation machinery statuses.
tractor 0.1.0a2 (2021-09-07)
============================
Features
--------
- Add `tokio-style broadcast channels
<https://docs.rs/tokio/1.11.0/tokio/sync/broadcast/index.html>`_ as
a solution for `#204 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/204>`_ and
discussed thoroughly in `trio/#987
<https://github.com/python-trio/trio/issues/987>`_.
This gives us local task broadcast functionality using a new
``BroadcastReceiver`` type which can wrap ``trio.ReceiveChannel`` and
provide fan-out copies of a stream of data to every subscribed consumer.
We use this new machinery to provide a ``ReceiveMsgStream.subscribe()``
async context manager which can be used by actor-local concumers tasks
to easily pull from a shared and dynamic IPC stream. (`#229
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/229>`_)
Bugfixes
--------
- Handle broken channel/stream faults where the root's tty lock is left
acquired by some child actor who went MIA and the root ends up hanging
indefinitely. (`#234 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/234>`_)
There's two parts here: we no longer shield wait on the lock and,
now always do our best to release the lock on the expected worst
case connection faults.
Deprecations and Removals
-------------------------
- Drop stream "shielding" support which was originally added to sidestep
a cancelled call to ``.receive()``
In the original api design a stream instance was returned directly from
a call to ``Portal.run()`` and thus there was no "exit phase" to handle
cancellations and errors which would trigger implicit closure. Now that
we have said enter/exit semantics with ``Portal.open_stream_from()`` and
``Context.open_stream()`` we can drop this implicit (and arguably
confusing) behavior. (`#230 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/230>`_)
- Drop Python 3.7 support in preparation for supporting 3.9+ syntax.
(`#232 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/232>`_)
tractor 0.1.0a1 (2021-08-01)
============================
Features
--------
- Updated our uni-directional streaming API (`#206
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/206>`_) to require a context
manager style ``async with Portal.open_stream_from(target) as stream:``
which explicitly determines when to stop a stream in the calling (aka
portal opening) actor much like ``async_generator.aclosing()``
enforcement.
- Improved the ``multiprocessing`` backend sub-actor reaping (`#208
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/208>`_) during actor nursery
exit, particularly during cancellation scenarios that previously might
result in hard to debug hangs.
- Added initial bi-directional streaming support in `#219
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/219>`_ with follow up debugger
improvements via `#220 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/220>`_
using the new ``tractor.Context`` cross-actor task syncing system.
The debugger upgrades add an edge triggered last-in-tty-lock semaphore
which allows the root process for a tree to avoid clobbering children
who have queued to acquire the ``pdb`` repl by waiting to cancel
sub-actors until the lock is known to be released **and** has no
pending waiters.
Experiments and WIPs
--------------------
- Initial optional ``msgspec`` serialization support in `#214
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/214>`_ which should hopefully
land by next release.
- Improved "infect ``asyncio``" cross-loop task cancellation and error
propagation by vastly simplifying the cross-loop-task streaming approach.
We may end up just going with a use of ``anyio`` in the medium term to
avoid re-doing work done by their cross-event-loop portals. See the
``infect_asyncio`` for details.
Improved Documentation
----------------------
- `Updated our readme <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/211>`_ to
include more (and better) `examples
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor#run-a-func-in-a-process>`_ (with
matching multi-terminal process monitoring shell commands) as well as
added many more examples to the `repo set
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/tree/master/examples>`_.
- Added a readme `"actors under the hood" section
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor#under-the-hood>`_ in an effort to
guard against suggestions for changing the API away from ``trio``'s
*tasks-as-functions* style.
- Moved to using the `sphinx book theme
<https://sphinx-book-theme.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html>`_
though it needs some heavy tweaking and doesn't seem to show our logo
on rtd :(
Trivial/Internal Changes
------------------------
- Added a new ``TransportClosed`` internal exception/signal (`#215
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/215>`_ for catching TCP
channel gentle closes instead of silently falling through the message
handler loop via an async generator ``return``.
Deprecations and Removals
-------------------------
- Dropped support for invoking sync functions (`#205
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/205>`_) in other
actors/processes since you can always wrap a sync function from an
async one. Users can instead consider using ``trio-parallel`` which
is a project specifically geared for purely synchronous calls in
sub-processes.
- Deprecated our ``tractor.run()`` entrypoint `#197
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/197>`_; the runtime is now
either started implicitly in first actor nursery use or via an
explicit call to ``tractor.open_root_actor()``. Full removal of
``tractor.run()`` will come by beta release.
tractor 0.1.0a0 (2021-02-28)
============================
..
TODO: fill out more of the details of the initial feature set in some TLDR form
Summary
-------
- ``trio`` based process spawner (using ``subprocess``)
- initial multi-process debugging with ``pdb++``
- windows support using both ``trio`` and ``multiprocessing`` spawners
- "portal" api for cross-process, structured concurrent, (streaming) IPC

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tractor
=======
An async-native `actor model`_ built on trio_ and multiprocessing_.
|travis|
.. |travis| image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/tgoodlet/tractor/master.svg
:target: https://travis-ci.org/tgoodlet/tractor
.. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
.. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
.. _multiprocessing: https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html
.. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
.. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
.. _always propagate: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#exceptions-always-propagate
.. _causality: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#c-c-c-c-causality-breaker
.. _shared nothing architecture: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared-nothing_architecture
.. _cancellation: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-and-timeouts
.. _channels: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_(programming)
.. _chaos engineering: http://principlesofchaos.org/
What's this? Spawning event loops in processes?
-----------------------------------------------
Heh, yeah pretty much.
``tractor`` is an attempt to take trionic_ concurrency concepts and apply
them to distributed multi-core Python.
``tractor`` lets you run and spawn *actors*: separate processes which run a ``trio``
scheduler and task tree (also known as an `async sandwich`_).
*Actors* communicate by sending messages_ over channels_ and avoid sharing any state.
This `actor model`_ allows for highly distributed software architecture which works just as
well on multiple cores as it does over many hosts.
``tractor`` takes much inspiration from pulsar_ and execnet_ but attempts to be much more
focussed on sophistication of the lower level distributed architecture as well as have first
class support for `modern async Python`_.
The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio``
down. A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
.. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
.. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
.. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
.. _modern async Python: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
Philosophy
----------
``tractor``'s tenets non-comprehensively include:
- no spawning of processes *willy-nilly*; causality_ is paramount!
- `shared nothing architecture`_
- remote errors `always propagate`_ back to the caller
- verbatim support for ``trio``'s cancellation_ system
- no use of *proxy* objects to wrap RPC calls
- an immersive debugging experience
- anti-fragility through `chaos engineering`_
.. warning:: ``tractor`` is in alpha-alpha and is expected to change rapidly!
Expect nothing to be set in stone. Your ideas about where it should go
are greatly appreciated!
.. _pulsar: http://quantmind.github.io/pulsar/design.html
.. _execnet: https://codespeak.net/execnet/
Install
-------
No PyPi release yet!
::
pip install git+git://github.com/tgoodlet/tractor.git
A trynamic first scene
----------------------
Let's direct a couple *actors* and have them run their lines for
the hip new film we're shooting:
.. code:: python
import tractor
from functools import partial
_this_module = __name__
the_line = 'Hi my name is {}'
async def hi():
return the_line.format(tractor.current_actor().name)
async def say_hello(other_actor):
async with tractor.wait_for_actor(other_actor) as portal:
return await portal.run(_this_module, 'hi')
async def main():
"""Main tractor entry point, the "master" process (for now
acts as the "director").
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
print("Alright... Action!")
donny = await n.run_in_actor(
'donny',
say_hello,
other_actor='gretchen',
)
gretchen = await n.run_in_actor(
'gretchen',
say_hello,
other_actor='donny',
)
print(await gretchen.result())
print(await donny.result())
print("CUTTTT CUUTT CUT!!! Donny!! You're supposed to say...")
tractor.run(main)
We spawn two *actors*, *donny* and *gretchen*.
Each actor starts up and executes their *main task* defined by an
async function, ``say_hello()``. The function instructs each actor
to find their partner and say hello by calling their partner's
``hi()`` function using something called a *portal*. Each actor
receives a response and relays that back to the parent actor (in
this case our "director" executing ``main()``).
Actor spawning and causality
----------------------------
``tractor`` tries to take ``trio``'s concept of causal task lifetimes
to multi-process land. Accordingly, ``tractor``'s *actor nursery* behaves
similar to ``trio``'s nursery_. That is, ``tractor.open_nursery()``
opens an ``ActorNursery`` which waits on spawned *actors* to complete
(or error) in the same causal_ way ``trio`` waits on spawned subtasks.
This includes errors from any one actor causing all other actors
spawned by the same nursery to be cancelled_.
To spawn an actor and run a function in it, open a *nursery block*
and use the ``run_in_actor()`` method:
.. code:: python
import tractor
def cellar_door():
return "Dang that's beautiful"
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor('frank', movie_theatre_question)
# The ``async with`` will unblock here since the 'frank'
# actor has completed its main task ``movie_theatre_question()``.
print(await portal.result())
tractor.run(main)
What's going on?
- an initial *actor* is started with ``tractor.run()`` and told to execute
its main task_: ``main()``
- inside ``main()`` an actor is *spawned* using an ``ActorNusery`` and is told
to run a single function: ``cellar_door()``
- a ``portal`` instance (we'll get to what it is shortly)
returned from ``nursery.run_in_actor()`` is used to communicate with
the newly spawned *sub-actor*
- the second actor, *frank*, in a new *process* running a new ``trio`` task_
then executes ``cellar_door()`` and returns its result over a *channel* back
to the parent actor
- the parent actor retrieves the subactor's (*frank*) *final result* using ``portal.result()``
much like you'd expect from a future_.
This ``run_in_actor()`` API should look very familiar to users of
``asyncio``'s run_in_executor_ which uses a ``concurrent.futures`` Executor_.
Since you might also want to spawn long running *worker* or *daemon*
actors, each actor's *lifetime* can be determined based on the spawn
method:
- if the actor is spawned using ``run_in_actor()`` it terminates when
its *main* task completes (i.e. when the (async) function submitted
to it *returns*). The ``with tractor.open_nursery()`` exits only once
all actors' main function/task complete (just like the nursery_ in ``trio``)
- actors can be spawned to *live forever* using the ``start_actor()``
method and act like an RPC daemon that runs indefinitely (the
``with tractor.open_nursery()`` wont' exit) until cancelled_
Had we wanted the latter form in our example it would have looked like:
.. code:: python
def movie_theatre_question():
"""A question asked in a dark theatre, in a tangent
(errr, I mean different) process.
"""
return 'have you ever seen a portal?'
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'frank',
# enable the actor to run funcs from this current module
rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
)
print(await portal.run(__name__, 'movie_theatre_question'))
# call the subactor a 2nd time
print(await portal.run(__name__, 'movie_theatre_question'))
# the async with will block here indefinitely waiting
# for our actor "frank" to complete, but since it's an
# "outlive_main" actor it will never end until cancelled
await portal.cancel_actor()
The ``rpc_module_paths`` `kwarg` above is a list of module path
strings that will be loaded and made accessible for execution in the
remote actor through a call to ``Portal.run()``. For now this is
a simple mechanism to restrict the functionality of the remote
(and possibly daemonized) actor and uses Python's module system to
limit the allowed remote function namespace(s).
``tractor`` is opinionated about the underlying threading model used for
each *actor*. Since Python has a GIL and an actor model by definition
shares no state between actors, it fits naturally to use a multiprocessing_
``Process``. This allows ``tractor`` programs to leverage not only multi-core
hardware but also distribute over many hardware hosts (each *actor* can talk
to all others with ease over standard network protocols).
.. _task: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#tasks-let-you-do-multiple-things-at-once
.. _nursery: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#nurseries-and-spawning
.. _causal: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#causality
.. _cancelled: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#child-tasks-and-cancellation
.. _run_in_executor: https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio-eventloop.html#executor
.. _Executor: https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html#concurrent.futures.Executor
Transparent remote function calling using *portals*
---------------------------------------------------
``tractor`` introduces the concept of a *portal* which is an API
borrowed_ from ``trio``. A portal may seem similar to the idea of
a RPC future_ except a *portal* allows invoking remote *async* functions and
generators and intermittently blocking to receive responses. This allows
for fully async-native IPC between actors.
When you invoke another actor's routines using a *portal* it looks as though
it was called locally in the current actor. So when you see a call to
``await portal.run()`` what you get back is what you'd expect
to if you'd called the function directly in-process. This approach avoids
the need to add any special RPC *proxy* objects to the library by instead just
relying on the built-in (async) function calling semantics and protocols of Python.
Depending on the function type ``Portal.run()`` tries to
correctly interface exactly like a local version of the remote
built-in Python *function type*. Currently async functions, generators,
and regular functions are supported. Inspiration for this API comes
from the way execnet_ does `remote function execution`_ but without
the client code (necessarily) having to worry about the underlying
channels_ system or shipping code over the network.
This *portal* approach turns out to be paricularly exciting with the
introduction of `asynchronous generators`_ in Python 3.6! It means that
actors can compose nicely in a data processing pipeline.
As an example here's an actor that streams for 1 second from a remote async
generator function running in a separate actor:
.. code:: python
from itertools import repeat
import trio
import tractor
async def stream_forever():
for i in repeat("I can see these little future bubble things"):
# each yielded value is sent over the ``Channel`` to the
# parent actor
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.01)
async def main():
# stream for at most 1 seconds
with trio.move_on_after(1) as cancel_scope:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
f'donny',
rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
)
# this async for loop streams values from the above
# async generator running in a separate process
async for letter in await portal.run(__name__, 'stream_forever'):
print(letter)
# we support trio's cancellation system
assert cancel_scope.cancelled_caught
assert n.cancelled
tractor.run(main)
Alright, let's get fancy.
Say you wanted to spawn two actors which each pulling data feeds from
two different sources (and wanted this work spread across 2 cpus).
You also want to aggregate these feeds, do some processing on them and then
deliver the final result stream to a client (or in this case parent) actor
and print the results to your screen:
.. code:: python
import time
import trio
import tractor
# this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
async def stream_data(seed):
for i in range(seed):
yield i
await trio.sleep(0) # trigger scheduler
# this is the third actor; the aggregator
async def aggregate(seed):
"""Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
a single set of values to the parent.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
portals = []
for i in range(1, 3):
# fork point
portal = await nursery.start_actor(
name=f'streamer_{i}',
rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
)
portals.append(portal)
q = trio.Queue(500)
async def push_to_q(portal):
async for value in await portal.run(
__name__, 'stream_data', seed=seed
):
# leverage trio's built-in backpressure
await q.put(value)
await q.put(None)
print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
# spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
for portal in portals:
n.start_soon(push_to_q, portal)
unique_vals = set()
async for value in q:
if value not in unique_vals:
unique_vals.add(value)
# yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
yield value
if value is None:
break
assert value in unique_vals
print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
await nursery.cancel()
print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
# this is the main actor and *arbiter*
async def main():
# a nursery which spawns "actors"
async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
seed = int(1e3)
import time
pre_start = time.time()
portal = await nursery.run_in_actor(
'aggregator',
aggregate,
seed=seed,
)
start = time.time()
# the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
# as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
result_stream = []
async for value in await portal.result():
result_stream.append(value)
print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
assert result_stream == list(range(seed)) + [None]
return result_stream
final_stream = tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=('127.0.0.1', 1616))
Here there's four actors running in separate processes (using all the
cores on you machine). Two are streaming by *yielding* values from the
``stream_data()`` async generator, one is aggregating values from
those two in ``aggregate()`` (also an async generator) and shipping the
single stream of unique values up the parent actor (the ``'MainProcess'``
as ``multiprocessing`` calls it) which is running ``main()``.
.. _future: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_and_promises
.. _borrowed:
https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#getting-back-into-the-trio-thread-from-another-thread
.. _asynchronous generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
.. _remote function execution: https://codespeak.net/execnet/example/test_info.html#remote-exec-a-function-avoiding-inlined-source-part-i
.. _asyncitertools: https://github.com/vodik/asyncitertools
Cancellation
------------
``tractor`` supports ``trio``'s cancellation_ system verbatim.
Cancelling a nursery block cancels all actors spawned by it.
Eventually ``tractor`` plans to support different `supervision strategies`_ like ``erlang``.
.. _supervision strategies: http://erlang.org/doc/man/supervisor.html#sup_flags
Remote error propagation
------------------------
Any task invoked in a remote actor should ship any error(s) back to the calling
actor where it is raised and expected to be dealt with. This way remote actors
are never cancelled unless explicitly asked or there's a bug in ``tractor`` itself.
.. code:: python
async def assert_err():
assert 0
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
real_actors = []
for i in range(3):
real_actors.append(await n.start_actor(
f'actor_{i}',
rpc_module_paths=[__name__],
))
# start one actor that will fail immediately
await n.run_in_actor('extra', assert_err)
# should error here with a ``RemoteActorError`` containing
# an ``AssertionError`` and all the other actors have been cancelled
try:
# also raises
tractor.run(main)
except tractor.RemoteActorError:
print("Look Maa that actor failed hard, hehhh!")
You'll notice the nursery cancellation conducts a *one-cancels-all*
supervisory strategy `exactly like trio`_. The plan is to add more
`erlang strategies`_ in the near future by allowing nurseries to accept
a ``Supervisor`` type.
.. _exactly like trio: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-semantics
.. _erlang strategies: http://learnyousomeerlang.com/supervisors
Shared task state
-----------------
Although ``tractor`` uses a *shared-nothing* architecture between processes
you can of course share state within an actor. ``trio`` tasks spawned via
multiple RPC calls to an actor can access global data using the per actor
``statespace`` dictionary:
.. code:: python
statespace = {'doggy': 10}
def check_statespace():
# Remember this runs in a new process so no changes
# will propagate back to the parent actor
assert tractor.current_actor().statespace == statespace
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
await n.run_in_actor(
'checker',
check_statespace,
statespace=statespace
)
Of course you don't have to use the ``statespace`` variable (it's mostly
a convenience for passing simple data to newly spawned actors); building
out a state sharing system per-actor is totally up to you.
How do actors find each other (a poor man's *service discovery*)?
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Though it will be built out much more in the near future, ``tractor``
currently keeps track of actors by ``(name: str, id: str)`` using a
special actor called the *arbiter*. Currently the *arbiter* must exist
on a host (or it will be created if one can't be found) and keeps a
simple ``dict`` of actor names to sockets for discovery by other actors.
Obviously this can be made more sophisticated (help me with it!) but for
now it does the trick.
To find the arbiter from the current actor use the ``get_arbiter()`` function and to
find an actor's socket address by name use the ``find_actor()`` function:
.. code:: python
import tractor
async def main(service_name):
async with tractor.get_arbiter() as portal:
print(f"Arbiter is listening on {portal.channel}")
async with tractor.find_actor(service_name) as sockaddr:
print(f"my_service is found at {my_service}")
tractor.run(main, service_name)
The ``name`` value you should pass to ``find_actor()`` is the one you passed as the
*first* argument to either ``tractor.run()`` or ``ActorNursery.start_actor()``.
Using ``Channel`` directly (undocumented)
-----------------------------------------
You can use the ``Channel`` api if necessary by simply defining a
``chan`` and ``cid`` *kwarg* in your async function definition.
``tractor`` will treat such async functions like async generators on
the calling side (for now anyway) such that you can push stream values
a little more granularly if you find *yielding* values to be restrictive.
I am purposely not documenting this feature with code because I'm not yet
sure yet how it should be used correctly. If you'd like more details
please feel free to ask me on the `trio gitter channel`_.
Running actors standalone (without spawning)
--------------------------------------------
You don't have to spawn any actors using ``open_nursery()`` if you just
want to run a single actor that connects to an existing cluster.
All the comms and arbiter registration stuff still works. This can
somtimes turn out being handy when debugging mult-process apps when you
need to hop into a debugger. You just need to pass the existing
*arbiter*'s socket address you'd like to connect to:
.. code:: python
tractor.run(main, arbiter_addr=('192.168.0.10', 1616))
Enabling logging
----------------
Considering how complicated distributed software can become it helps to know
what exactly it's doing (even at the lowest levels). Luckily ``tractor`` has
tons of logging throughout the core. ``tractor`` isn't opinionated on
how you use this information and users are expected to consume log messages in
whichever way is appropriate for the system at hand. That being said, when hacking
on ``tractor`` there is a prettified console formatter which you can enable to
see what the heck is going on. Just put the following somewhere in your code:
.. code:: python
from tractor.log import get_console_log
log = get_console_log('trace')
What the future holds
---------------------
Stuff I'd like to see ``tractor`` do one day:
- erlang-like supervisors_
- native support for zeromq_ as a channel transport
- native `gossip protocol`_ support for service discovery and arbiter election
- a distributed log ledger for tracking cluster behaviour
- a slick multi-process aware debugger much like in celery_
but with better `pdb++`_ support
- an extensive `chaos engineering`_ test suite
- support for reactive programming primitives and native support for asyncitertools_ like libs
If you're interested in tackling any of these please do shout about it on the
`trio gitter channel`_!
.. _supervisors: http://learnyousomeerlang.com/supervisors
.. _zeromq: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZeroMQ
.. _gossip protocol: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip_protocol
.. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
.. _celery: http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/debugging.html
.. _pdb++: https://github.com/antocuni/pdb

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# Minimal makefile for Sphinx documentation
#
# You can set these variables from the command line, and also
# from the environment for the first two.
SPHINXOPTS ?=
SPHINXBUILD ?= sphinx-build
SOURCEDIR = .
BUILDDIR = _build
# Put it first so that "make" without argument is like "make help".
help:
@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)
.PHONY: help Makefile
# Catch-all target: route all unknown targets to Sphinx using the new
# "make mode" option. $(O) is meant as a shortcut for $(SPHINXOPTS).
%: Makefile
@$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O)

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|logo| ``tractor``: distributed structurred concurrency
|gh_actions|
|docs|
``tractor`` is a `structured concurrency`_ (SC), multi-processing_ runtime built on trio_.
Fundamentally, ``tractor`` provides parallelism via
``trio``-"*actors*": independent Python **processes** (i.e.
*non-shared-memory threads*) which can schedule ``trio`` tasks whilst
maintaining *end-to-end SC* inside a *distributed supervision tree*.
Cross-process (and thus cross-host) SC is accomplished through the
combined use of our,
- "actor nurseries_" which provide for spawning multiple, and
possibly nested, Python processes each running a ``trio`` scheduled
runtime - a call to ``trio.run()``,
- an "SC-transitive supervision protocol" enforced as an
IPC-message-spec encapsulating all RPC-dialogs.
We believe the system adheres to the `3 axioms`_ of an "`actor model`_"
but likely **does not** look like what **you** probably *think* an "actor
model" looks like, and that's **intentional**.
Where do i start!?
------------------
The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get an intermediate
knowledge of ``trio`` and **structured concurrency** B)
Some great places to start are,
- the seminal `blog post`_
- obviously the `trio docs`_
- wikipedia's nascent SC_ page
- the fancy diagrams @ libdill-docs_
Features
--------
- **It's just** a ``trio`` API!
- *Infinitely nesteable* process trees running embedded ``trio`` tasks.
- Swappable, OS-specific, process spawning via multiple backends.
- Modular IPC stack, allowing for custom interchange formats (eg.
as offered from `msgspec`_), varied transport protocols (TCP, RUDP,
QUIC, wireguard), and OS-env specific higher-perf primitives (UDS,
shm-ring-buffers).
- Optionally distributed_: all IPC and RPC APIs work over multi-host
transports the same as local.
- Builtin high-level streaming API that enables your app to easily
leverage the benefits of a "`cheap or nasty`_" `(un)protocol`_.
- A "native UX" around a multi-process safe debugger REPL using
`pdbp`_ (a fork & fix of `pdb++`_)
- "Infected ``asyncio``" mode: support for starting an actor's
runtime as a `guest`_ on the ``asyncio`` loop allowing us to
provide stringent SC-style ``trio.Task``-supervision around any
``asyncio.Task`` spawned via our ``tractor.to_asyncio`` APIs.
- A **very naive** and still very much work-in-progress inter-actor
`discovery`_ sys with plans to support multiple `modern protocol`_
approaches.
- Various ``trio`` extension APIs via ``tractor.trionics`` such as,
- task fan-out `broadcasting`_,
- multi-task-single-resource-caching and fan-out-to-multi
``__aenter__()`` APIs for ``@acm`` functions,
- (WIP) a ``TaskMngr``: one-cancels-one style nursery supervisor.
Install
-------
``tractor`` is still in a *alpha-near-beta-stage* for many
of its subsystems, however we are very close to having a stable
lowlevel runtime and API.
As such, it's currently recommended that you clone and install the
repo from source::
pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
We use the very hip `uv`_ for project mgmt::
git clone https://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
cd tractor
uv sync --dev
uv run python examples/rpc_bidir_streaming.py
Consider activating a virtual/project-env before starting to hack on
the code base::
# you could use plain ol' venvs
# https://docs.astral.sh/uv/pip/environments/
uv venv tractor_py313 --python 3.13
# but @goodboy prefers the more explicit (and shell agnostic)
# https://docs.astral.sh/uv/configuration/environment/#uv_project_environment
UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT="tractor_py313
# hint hint, enter @goodboy's fave shell B)
uv run --dev xonsh
Alongside all this we ofc offer "releases" on PyPi::
pip install tractor
Just note that YMMV since the main git branch is often much further
ahead then any latest release.
Example codez
-------------
In ``tractor``'s (very lacking) documention we prefer to point to
example scripts in the repo over duplicating them in docs, but with
that in mind here are some definitive snippets to try and hook you
into digging deeper.
Run a func in a process
***********************
Use ``trio``'s style of focussing on *tasks as functions*:
.. code:: python
"""
Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
$TERM -e watch -n 0.1 "pstree -a $$" \
& python examples/parallelism/single_func.py \
&& kill $!
"""
import os
import tractor
import trio
async def burn_cpu():
pid = os.getpid()
# burn a core @ ~ 50kHz
for _ in range(50000):
await trio.sleep(1/50000/50)
return os.getpid()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(burn_cpu)
# burn rubber in the parent too
await burn_cpu()
# wait on result from target function
pid = await portal.result()
# end of nursery block
print(f"Collected subproc {pid}")
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)
This runs ``burn_cpu()`` in a new process and reaps it on completion
of the nursery block.
If you only need to run a sync function and retreive a single result, you
might want to check out `trio-parallel`_.
Zombie safe: self-destruct a process tree
*****************************************
``tractor`` tries to protect you from zombies, no matter what.
.. code:: python
"""
Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
$TERM -e watch -n 0.1 "pstree -a $$" \
& python examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py \
&& kill $!
"""
from multiprocessing import cpu_count
import os
import tractor
import trio
async def target():
print(
f"Yo, i'm '{tractor.current_actor().name}' "
f"running in pid {os.getpid()}"
)
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
for i in range(cpu_count()):
await n.run_in_actor(target, name=f'worker_{i}')
print('This process tree will self-destruct in 1 sec...')
await trio.sleep(1)
# raise an error in root actor/process and trigger
# reaping of all minions
raise Exception('Self Destructed')
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
trio.run(main)
except Exception:
print('Zombies Contained')
If you can create zombie child processes (without using a system signal)
it **is a bug**.
"Native" multi-process debugging
********************************
Using the magic of `pdbp`_ and our internal IPC, we've
been able to create a native feeling debugging experience for
any (sub-)process in your ``tractor`` tree.
.. code:: python
from os import getpid
import tractor
import trio
async def breakpoint_forever():
"Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
while True:
yield 'yo'
await tractor.breakpoint()
async def name_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
getattr(doggypants)
async def main():
"""Test breakpoint in a streaming actor.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='error',
) as n:
p0 = await n.start_actor('bp_forever', enable_modules=[__name__])
p1 = await n.start_actor('name_error', enable_modules=[__name__])
# retreive results
stream = await p0.run(breakpoint_forever)
await p1.run(name_error)
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)
You can run this with::
>>> python examples/debugging/multi_daemon_subactors.py
And, yes, there's a built-in crash handling mode B)
We're hoping to add a respawn-from-repl system soon!
SC compatible bi-directional streaming
**************************************
Yes, you saw it here first; we provide 2-way streams
with reliable, transitive setup/teardown semantics.
Our nascent api is remniscent of ``trio.Nursery.start()``
style invocation:
.. code:: python
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def simple_rpc(
ctx: tractor.Context,
data: int,
) -> None:
'''Test a small ping-pong 2-way streaming server.
'''
# signal to parent that we're up much like
# ``trio_typing.TaskStatus.started()``
await ctx.started(data + 1)
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
count = 0
async for msg in stream:
assert msg == 'ping'
await stream.send('pong')
count += 1
else:
assert count == 10
async def main() -> None:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'rpc_server',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
# XXX: this syntax requires py3.9
async with (
portal.open_context(
simple_rpc,
data=10,
) as (ctx, sent),
ctx.open_stream() as stream,
):
assert sent == 11
count = 0
# receive msgs using async for style
await stream.send('ping')
async for msg in stream:
assert msg == 'pong'
await stream.send('ping')
count += 1
if count >= 9:
break
# explicitly teardown the daemon-actor
await portal.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)
See original proposal and discussion in `#53`_ as well
as follow up improvements in `#223`_ that we'd love to
hear your thoughts on!
.. _#53: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/53
.. _#223: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/223
Worker poolz are easy peasy
***************************
The initial ask from most new users is *"how do I make a worker
pool thing?"*.
``tractor`` is built to handle any SC (structured concurrent) process
tree you can imagine; a "worker pool" pattern is a trivial special
case.
We have a `full worker pool re-implementation`_ of the std-lib's
``concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor`` example for reference.
You can run it like so (from this dir) to see the process tree in
real time::
$TERM -e watch -n 0.1 "pstree -a $$" \
& python examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py \
&& kill $!
This uses no extra threads, fancy semaphores or futures; all we need
is ``tractor``'s IPC!
"Infected ``asyncio``" mode
***************************
Have a bunch of ``asyncio`` code you want to force to be SC at the process level?
Check out our experimental system for `guest`_-mode controlled
``asyncio`` actors:
.. code:: python
import asyncio
from statistics import mean
import time
import trio
import tractor
async def aio_echo_server(
to_trio: trio.MemorySendChannel,
from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
) -> None:
# a first message must be sent **from** this ``asyncio``
# task or the ``trio`` side will never unblock from
# ``tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from():``
to_trio.send_nowait('start')
# XXX: this uses an ``from_trio: asyncio.Queue`` currently but we
# should probably offer something better.
while True:
# echo the msg back
to_trio.send_nowait(await from_trio.get())
await asyncio.sleep(0)
@tractor.context
async def trio_to_aio_echo_server(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
# this will block until the ``asyncio`` task sends a "first"
# message.
async with tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
aio_echo_server,
) as (first, chan):
assert first == 'start'
await ctx.started(first)
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
async for msg in stream:
await chan.send(msg)
out = await chan.receive()
# echo back to parent actor-task
await stream.send(out)
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
p = await n.start_actor(
'aio_server',
enable_modules=[__name__],
infect_asyncio=True,
)
async with p.open_context(
trio_to_aio_echo_server,
) as (ctx, first):
assert first == 'start'
count = 0
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
delays = []
send = time.time()
await stream.send(count)
async for msg in stream:
recv = time.time()
delays.append(recv - send)
assert msg == count
count += 1
send = time.time()
await stream.send(count)
if count >= 1e3:
break
print(f'mean round trip rate (Hz): {1/mean(delays)}')
await p.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)
Yes, we spawn a python process, run ``asyncio``, start ``trio`` on the
``asyncio`` loop, then send commands to the ``trio`` scheduled tasks to
tell ``asyncio`` tasks what to do XD
We need help refining the `asyncio`-side channel API to be more
`trio`-like. Feel free to sling your opinion in `#273`_!
.. _#273: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/273
Higher level "cluster" APIs
***************************
To be extra terse the ``tractor`` devs have started hacking some "higher
level" APIs for managing actor trees/clusters. These interfaces should
generally be condsidered provisional for now but we encourage you to try
them and provide feedback. Here's a new API that let's you quickly
spawn a flat cluster:
.. code:: python
import trio
import tractor
async def sleepy_jane():
uid = tractor.current_actor().uid
print(f'Yo i am actor {uid}')
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main():
'''
Spawn a flat actor cluster, with one process per
detected core.
'''
portal_map: dict[str, tractor.Portal]
results: dict[str, str]
# look at this hip new syntax!
async with (
tractor.open_actor_cluster(
modules=[__name__]
) as portal_map,
trio.open_nursery() as n,
):
for (name, portal) in portal_map.items():
n.start_soon(portal.run, sleepy_jane)
await trio.sleep(0.5)
# kill the cluster with a cancel
raise KeyboardInterrupt
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
trio.run(main)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
.. _full worker pool re-implementation: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/blob/master/examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py
Under the hood
--------------
``tractor`` is an attempt to pair trionic_ `structured concurrency`_ with
distributed Python. You can think of it as a ``trio``
*-across-processes* or simply as an opinionated replacement for the
stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` but built on async programming primitives
from the ground up.
Don't be scared off by this description. ``tractor`` **is just** ``trio``
but with nurseries for process management and cancel-able streaming IPC.
If you understand how to work with ``trio``, ``tractor`` will give you
the parallelism you may have been needing.
Wait, huh?! I thought "actors" have messages, and mailboxes and stuff?!
***********************************************************************
Let's stop and ask how many canon actor model papers have you actually read ;)
From our experience many "actor systems" aren't really "actor models"
since they **don't adhere** to the `3 axioms`_ and pay even less
attention to the problem of *unbounded non-determinism* (which was the
whole point for creation of the model in the first place).
From the author's mouth, **the only thing required** is `adherance to`_
the `3 axioms`_, *and that's it*.
``tractor`` adheres to said base requirements of an "actor model"::
In response to a message, an actor may:
- send a finite number of new messages
- create a finite number of new actors
- designate a new behavior to process subsequent messages
**and** requires *no further api changes* to accomplish this.
If you want do debate this further please feel free to chime in on our
chat or discuss on one of the following issues *after you've read
everything in them*:
- https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/210
- https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/18
Let's clarify our parlance
**************************
Whether or not ``tractor`` has "actors" underneath should be mostly
irrelevant to users other then for referring to the interactions of our
primary runtime primitives: each Python process + ``trio.run()``
+ surrounding IPC machinery. These are our high level, base
*runtime-units-of-abstraction* which both *are* (as much as they can
be in Python) and will be referred to as our *"actors"*.
The main goal of ``tractor`` is is to allow for highly distributed
software that, through the adherence to *structured concurrency*,
results in systems which fail in predictable, recoverable and maybe even
understandable ways; being an "actor model" is just one way to describe
properties of the system.
What's on the TODO:
-------------------
Help us push toward the future of distributed `Python`.
- Erlang-style supervisors via composed context managers (see `#22
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/22>`_)
- Typed messaging protocols (ex. via ``msgspec.Struct``, see `#36
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/36>`_)
- Typed capability-based (dialog) protocols ( see `#196
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/196>`_ with draft work
started in `#311 <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/311>`_)
- We **recently disabled CI-testing on windows** and need help getting
it running again! (see `#327
<https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/327>`_). **We do have windows
support** (and have for quite a while) but since no active hacker
exists in the user-base to help test on that OS, for now we're not
actively maintaining testing due to the added hassle and general
latency..
Feel like saying hi?
--------------------
This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets most of its ideas from that brilliant
community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
say hi, please feel free to reach us in our `matrix channel`_. If
matrix seems too hip, we're also mostly all in the the `trio gitter
channel`_!
.. _structured concurrent: https://trio.discourse.group/t/concise-definition-of-structured-concurrency/228
.. _distributed: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing
.. _multi-processing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing
.. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
.. _nurseries: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/#nurseries-a-structured-replacement-for-go-statements
.. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
.. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
.. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
.. _3 axioms: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7erJ1DV_Tlo&t=162s
.. .. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
.. _adherance to: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7erJ1DV_Tlo&t=1821s
.. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
.. _matrix channel: https://matrix.to/#/!tractor:matrix.org
.. _broadcasting: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/229
.. _modern procotol: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendezvous_protocol
.. _pdbp: https://github.com/mdmintz/pdbp
.. _pdb++: https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp
.. _cheap or nasty: https://zguide.zeromq.org/docs/chapter7/#The-Cheap-or-Nasty-Pattern
.. _(un)protocol: https://zguide.zeromq.org/docs/chapter7/#Unprotocols
.. _discovery: https://zguide.zeromq.org/docs/chapter8/#Discovery
.. _modern protocol: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendezvous_protocol
.. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
.. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
.. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
.. _structured concurrency: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_concurrency
.. _SC: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_concurrency
.. _libdill-docs: https://sustrik.github.io/libdill/structured-concurrency.html
.. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
.. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
.. _trio-parallel: https://github.com/richardsheridan/trio-parallel
.. _uv: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/
.. _msgspec: https://jcristharif.com/msgspec/
.. _guest: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-lowlevel.html?highlight=guest%20mode#using-guest-mode-to-run-trio-on-top-of-other-event-loops
.. |gh_actions| image:: https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Factions-badge.atrox.dev%2Fgoodboy%2Ftractor%2Fbadge&style=popout-square
:target: https://actions-badge.atrox.dev/goodboy/tractor/goto
.. |docs| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/tractor/badge/?version=latest
:target: https://tractor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
:alt: Documentation Status
.. |logo| image:: _static/tractor_logo_side.svg
:width: 250
:align: middle

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# Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.
#
# This file only contains a selection of the most common options. For a full
# list see the documentation:
# https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html
# -- Path setup --------------------------------------------------------------
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
#
# import os
# import sys
# sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
# Warn about all references to unknown targets
nitpicky = True
# The master toctree document.
master_doc = 'index'
# -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------
project = 'tractor'
copyright = '2018, Tyler Goodlet'
author = 'Tyler Goodlet'
# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags
release = '0.0.0a0.dev0'
# -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
# ones.
extensions = [
'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
'sphinx.ext.todo',
]
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
templates_path = ['_templates']
# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
# directories to ignore when looking for source files.
# This pattern also affects html_static_path and html_extra_path.
exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']
# -- Options for HTML output -------------------------------------------------
# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. See the documentation for
# a list of builtin themes.
#
html_theme = 'sphinx_book_theme'
pygments_style = 'algol_nu'
# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
# further. For a list of options available for each theme, see the
# documentation.
html_theme_options = {
# 'logo': 'tractor_logo_side.svg',
# 'description': 'Structured concurrent "actors"',
"repository_url": "https://github.com/goodboy/tractor",
"use_repository_button": True,
"home_page_in_toc": False,
"show_toc_level": 1,
"path_to_docs": "docs",
}
html_sidebars = {
"**": [
"sbt-sidebar-nav.html",
# "sidebar-search-bs.html",
# 'localtoc.html',
],
# 'logo.html',
# 'github.html',
# 'relations.html',
# 'searchbox.html'
# ]
}
# doesn't seem to work?
# extra_navbar = "<p>nextttt-gennnnn</p>"
html_title = ''
html_logo = '_static/tractor_logo_side.svg'
html_favicon = '_static/tractor_logo_side.svg'
# show_navbar_depth = 1
# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
html_static_path = ['_static']
# Example configuration for intersphinx: refer to the Python standard library.
intersphinx_mapping = {
"python": ("https://docs.python.org/3", None),
"pytest": ("https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest", None),
"setuptools": ("https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest", None),
}

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Hot tips for ``tractor`` hackers
================================
This is a WIP guide for newcomers to the project mostly to do with
dev, testing, CI and release gotchas, reminders and best practises.
``tractor`` is a fairly novel project compared to most since it is
effectively a new way of doing distributed computing in Python and is
much closer to working with an "application level runtime" (like erlang
OTP or scala's akka project) then it is a traditional Python library.
As such, having an arsenal of tools and recipes for figuring out the
right way to debug problems when they do arise is somewhat of
a necessity.
Making a Release
----------------
We currently do nothing special here except the traditional
PyPa release recipe as in `documented by twine`_. I personally
create sub-dirs within the generated `dist/` with an explicit
release name such as `alpha3/` when there's been a sequence of
releases I've made, but it really is up to you how you like to
organize generated sdists locally.
The resulting build cmds are approximately:
.. code:: bash
python setup.py sdist -d ./dist/XXX.X/
twine upload -r testpypi dist/XXX.X/*
twine upload dist/XXX.X/*
.. _documented by twine: https://twine.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#using-twine
Debugging and monitoring actor trees
------------------------------------
TODO: but there are tips in the readme for some terminal commands
which can be used to see the process trees easily on Linux.
Using the log system to trace `trio` task flow
----------------------------------------------
TODO: the logging system is meant to be oriented around
stack "layers" of the runtime such that you can track
"logical abstraction layers" in the code such as errors, cancellation,
IPC and streaming, and the low level transport and wire protocols.

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tractor
=======
The Python async-native multi-core system *you always wanted*.
|gh_actions|
|docs|
.. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
.. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
.. _multi-processing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing
.. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
.. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
.. _structured concurrent: https://trio.discourse.group/t/concise-definition-of-structured-concurrency/228
``tractor`` is a `structured concurrent`_ "`actor model`_" built on trio_ and multi-processing_.
It is an attempt to pair trionic_ `structured concurrency`_ with
distributed Python. You can think of it as a ``trio``
*-across-processes* or simply as an opinionated replacement for the
stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` but built on async programming primitives
from the ground up.
Don't be scared off by this description. ``tractor`` **is just ``trio``**
but with nurseries for process management and cancel-able IPC.
If you understand how to work with ``trio``, ``tractor`` will give you
the parallelism you've been missing.
``tractor``'s nurseries let you spawn ``trio`` *"actors"*: new Python
processes which each run a ``trio`` scheduled task tree (also known as
an `async sandwich`_ - a call to ``trio.run()``). That is, each
"*Actor*" is a new process plus a ``trio`` runtime.
"Actors" communicate by exchanging asynchronous messages_ and avoid
sharing state. The intention of this model is to allow for highly
distributed software that, through the adherence to *structured
concurrency*, results in systems which fail in predictable and
recoverable ways.
The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio`` down.
A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
.. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
.. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
.. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
.. _structured concurrency: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
.. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
.. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
.. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
Install
-------
No PyPi release yet!
::
pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
Alluring Features
-----------------
- **It's just** ``trio``, but with SC applied to processes (aka "actors")
- Infinitely nesteable process trees
- Built-in API for inter-process streaming
- A (first ever?) "native" multi-core debugger for Python using `pdb++`_
- (Soon to land) ``asyncio`` support allowing for "infected" actors where
`trio` drives the `asyncio` scheduler via the astounding "`guest mode`_"
Example: self-destruct a process tree
-------------------------------------
.. literalinclude:: ../../examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py
:language: python
The example you're probably after...
------------------------------------
It seems the initial query from most new users is "how do I make a worker
pool thing?".
``tractor`` is built to handle any SC process tree you can
imagine; the "worker pool" pattern is a trivial special case:
.. literalinclude:: ../../examples/parallelism/concurrent_actors_primes.py
:language: python
Feel like saying hi?
--------------------
This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets most of its ideas from that brilliant
community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
say hi, please feel free to reach us in our `matrix channel`_. If
matrix seems too hip, we're also mostly all in the the `trio gitter
channel`_!
.. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
.. _matrix channel: https://matrix.to/#/!tractor:matrix.org
.. _pdb++: https://github.com/pdbpp/pdbpp
.. _guest mode: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-lowlevel.html?highlight=guest%20mode#using-guest-mode-to-run-trio-on-top-of-other-event-loops
.. |gh_actions| image:: https://img.shields.io/endpoint.svg?url=https%3A%2F%2Factions-badge.atrox.dev%2Fgoodboy%2Ftractor%2Fbadge&style=popout-square
:target: https://actions-badge.atrox.dev/goodboy/tractor/goto
.. |docs| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/tractor/badge/?version=latest
:target: https://tractor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
:alt: Documentation Status

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@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
# Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.
# this config is for the rst generation extension and thus
# requires only basic settings:
# https://github.com/sphinx-contrib/restbuilder
# -- Path setup --------------------------------------------------------------
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
#
# import os
# import sys
# sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
# Warn about all references to unknown targets
nitpicky = True
# The master toctree document.
master_doc = '_sphinx_readme'
# -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------
project = 'tractor'
copyright = '2018, Tyler Goodlet'
author = 'Tyler Goodlet'
# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags
release = '0.0.0a0.dev0'
# -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
# ones.
extensions = [
'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
'sphinx.ext.todo',
'sphinxcontrib.restbuilder',
]
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
templates_path = ['_templates']
# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
# directories to ignore when looking for source files.
# This pattern also affects html_static_path and html_extra_path.
exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store']

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@ -1,612 +0,0 @@
.. tractor documentation master file, created by
sphinx-quickstart on Sun Feb 9 22:26:51 2020.
You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
contain the root `toctree` directive.
``tractor``
===========
A `structured concurrent`_, async-native "`actor model`_" built on trio_ and multiprocessing_.
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
:caption: Contents:
.. _actor model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model
.. _trio: https://github.com/python-trio/trio
.. _multiprocessing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing
.. _trionic: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#high-level-design-principles
.. _async sandwich: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html#async-sandwich
.. _structured concurrent: https://trio.discourse.group/t/concise-definition-of-structured-concurrency/228
``tractor`` is an attempt to bring trionic_ `structured concurrency`_ to
distributed multi-core Python; it aims to be the Python multi-processing
framework *you always wanted*.
``tractor`` lets you spawn ``trio`` *"actors"*: processes which each run
a ``trio`` scheduled task tree (also known as an `async sandwich`_).
*Actors* communicate by exchanging asynchronous messages_ and avoid
sharing any state. This model allows for highly distributed software
architecture which works just as well on multiple cores as it does over
many hosts.
The first step to grok ``tractor`` is to get the basics of ``trio`` down.
A great place to start is the `trio docs`_ and this `blog post`_.
.. _messages: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_passing
.. _trio docs: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
.. _blog post: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
.. _structured concurrency: https://vorpus.org/blog/notes-on-structured-concurrency-or-go-statement-considered-harmful/
Install
-------
No PyPi release yet!
::
pip install git+git://github.com/goodboy/tractor.git
Feel like saying hi?
--------------------
This project is very much coupled to the ongoing development of
``trio`` (i.e. ``tractor`` gets all its ideas from that brilliant
community). If you want to help, have suggestions or just want to
say hi, please feel free to ping me on the `trio gitter channel`_!
.. _trio gitter channel: https://gitter.im/python-trio/general
Philosophy
----------
Our tenets non-comprehensively include:
- strict adherence to the `concept-in-progress`_ of *structured concurrency*
- no spawning of processes *willy-nilly*; causality_ is paramount!
- (remote) errors `always propagate`_ back to the parent supervisor
- verbatim support for ``trio``'s cancellation_ system
- `shared nothing architecture`_
- no use of *proxy* objects or shared references between processes
- an immersive debugging experience
- anti-fragility through `chaos engineering`_
``tractor`` is an actor-model-*like* system in the sense that it adheres
to the `3 axioms`_ but does not (yet) fulfil all "unrequirements_" in
practise. It is an experiment in applying `structured concurrency`_
constraints on a parallel processing system where multiple Python
processes exist over many hosts but no process can outlive its parent.
In `erlang` parlance, it is an architecture where every process has
a mandatory supervisor enforced by the type system. The API design is
almost exclusively inspired by trio_'s concepts and primitives (though
we often lag a little). As a distributed computing system `tractor`
attempts to place sophistication at the correct layer such that
concurrency primitives are powerful yet simple, making it easy to build
complex systems (you can build a "worker pool" architecture but it's
definitely not required). There is first class support for inter-actor
streaming using `async generators`_ and ongoing work toward a functional
reactive style for IPC.
.. warning:: ``tractor`` is in alpha-alpha and is expected to change rapidly!
Expect nothing to be set in stone. Your ideas about where it should go
are greatly appreciated!
.. _concept-in-progress: https://trio.discourse.group/t/structured-concurrency-kickoff/55
.. _3 axioms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Fundamental_concepts
.. _unrequirements: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_model#Direct_communication_and_asynchrony
.. _async generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
.. _always propagate: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/design.html#exceptions-always-propagate
.. _causality: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#c-c-c-c-causality-breaker
.. _shared nothing architecture: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared-nothing_architecture
.. _cancellation: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-and-timeouts
.. _channels: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_(programming)
.. _chaos engineering: http://principlesofchaos.org/
Examples
--------
Note, if you are on Windows please be sure to see the :ref:`gotchas
<windowsgotchas>` section before trying these.
A trynamic first scene
**********************
Let's direct a couple *actors* and have them run their lines for
the hip new film we're shooting:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/a_trynamic_first_scene.py
We spawn two *actors*, *donny* and *gretchen*.
Each actor starts up and executes their *main task* defined by an
async function, ``say_hello()``. The function instructs each actor
to find their partner and say hello by calling their partner's
``hi()`` function using something called a *portal*. Each actor
receives a response and relays that back to the parent actor (in
this case our "director" executing ``main()``).
Actor spawning and causality
****************************
``tractor`` tries to take ``trio``'s concept of causal task lifetimes
to multi-process land. Accordingly, ``tractor``'s *actor nursery* behaves
similar to ``trio``'s nursery_. That is, ``tractor.open_nursery()``
opens an ``ActorNursery`` which **must** wait on spawned *actors* to complete
(or error) in the same causal_ way ``trio`` waits on spawned subtasks.
This includes errors from any one actor causing all other actors
spawned by the same nursery to be cancelled_.
To spawn an actor and run a function in it, open a *nursery block*
and use the ``run_in_actor()`` method:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/actor_spawning_and_causality.py
What's going on?
- an initial *actor* is started with ``trio.run()`` and told to execute
its main task_: ``main()``
- inside ``main()`` an actor is *spawned* using an ``ActorNusery`` and is told
to run a single function: ``cellar_door()``
- a ``portal`` instance (we'll get to what it is shortly)
returned from ``nursery.run_in_actor()`` is used to communicate with
the newly spawned *sub-actor*
- the second actor, *some_linguist*, in a new *process* running a new ``trio`` task_
then executes ``cellar_door()`` and returns its result over a *channel* back
to the parent actor
- the parent actor retrieves the subactor's *final result* using ``portal.result()``
much like you'd expect from a future_.
This ``run_in_actor()`` API should look very familiar to users of
``asyncio``'s `run_in_executor()`_ which uses a ``concurrent.futures`` Executor_.
Since you might also want to spawn long running *worker* or *daemon*
actors, each actor's *lifetime* can be determined based on the spawn
method:
- if the actor is spawned using ``run_in_actor()`` it terminates when
its *main* task completes (i.e. when the (async) function submitted
to it *returns*). The ``with tractor.open_nursery()`` exits only once
all actors' main function/task complete (just like the nursery_ in ``trio``)
- actors can be spawned to *live forever* using the ``start_actor()``
method and act like an RPC daemon that runs indefinitely (the
``with tractor.open_nursery()`` won't exit) until cancelled_
Here is a similar example using the latter method:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/actor_spawning_and_causality_with_daemon.py
The ``enable_modules`` `kwarg` above is a list of module path
strings that will be loaded and made accessible for execution in the
remote actor through a call to ``Portal.run()``. For now this is
a simple mechanism to restrict the functionality of the remote
(and possibly daemonized) actor and uses Python's module system to
limit the allowed remote function namespace(s).
``tractor`` is opinionated about the underlying threading model used for
each *actor*. Since Python has a GIL and an actor model by definition
shares no state between actors, it fits naturally to use a multiprocessing_
``Process``. This allows ``tractor`` programs to leverage not only multi-core
hardware but also distribute over many hardware hosts (each *actor* can talk
to all others with ease over standard network protocols).
.. _task: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#tasks-let-you-do-multiple-things-at-once
.. _nursery: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#nurseries-and-spawning
.. _causal: https://vorpus.org/blog/some-thoughts-on-asynchronous-api-design-in-a-post-asyncawait-world/#causality
.. _cancelled: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#child-tasks-and-cancellation
.. _run_in_executor(): https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio-eventloop.html#asyncio.loop.run_in_executor
.. _Executor: https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html#concurrent.futures.Executor
Cancellation
************
``tractor`` supports ``trio``'s cancellation_ system verbatim.
Cancelling a nursery block cancels all actors spawned by it.
Eventually ``tractor`` plans to support different `supervision strategies`_ like ``erlang``.
.. _supervision strategies: http://erlang.org/doc/man/supervisor.html#sup_flags
Remote error propagation
************************
Any task invoked in a remote actor should ship any error(s) back to the calling
actor where it is raised and expected to be dealt with. This way remote actors
are never cancelled unless explicitly asked or there's a bug in ``tractor`` itself.
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/remote_error_propagation.py
You'll notice the nursery cancellation conducts a *one-cancels-all*
supervisory strategy `exactly like trio`_. The plan is to add more
`erlang strategies`_ in the near future by allowing nurseries to accept
a ``Supervisor`` type.
.. _exactly like trio: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-semantics
.. _erlang strategies: http://learnyousomeerlang.com/supervisors
IPC using *portals*
*******************
``tractor`` introduces the concept of a *portal* which is an API
borrowed_ from ``trio``. A portal may seem similar to the idea of
a RPC future_ except a *portal* allows invoking remote *async* functions and
generators and intermittently blocking to receive responses. This allows
for fully async-native IPC between actors.
When you invoke another actor's routines using a *portal* it looks as though
it was called locally in the current actor. So when you see a call to
``await portal.run()`` what you get back is what you'd expect
to if you'd called the function directly in-process. This approach avoids
the need to add any special RPC *proxy* objects to the library by instead just
relying on the built-in (async) function calling semantics and protocols of Python.
Depending on the function type ``Portal.run()`` tries to
correctly interface exactly like a local version of the remote
built-in Python *function type*. Currently async functions, generators,
and regular functions are supported. Inspiration for this API comes
`remote function execution`_ but without the client code being
concerned about the underlying channels_ system or shipping code
over the network.
This *portal* approach turns out to be paricularly exciting with the
introduction of `asynchronous generators`_ in Python 3.6! It means that
actors can compose nicely in a data streaming pipeline.
.. _exactly like trio: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#cancellation-semantics
Streaming
*********
By now you've figured out that ``tractor`` lets you spawn process based
*actors* that can invoke cross-process (async) functions and all with
structured concurrency built in. But the **real cool stuff** is the
native support for cross-process *streaming*.
Asynchronous generators
+++++++++++++++++++++++
The default streaming function is simply an async generator definition.
Every value *yielded* from the generator is delivered to the calling
portal exactly like if you had invoked the function in-process meaning
you can ``async for`` to receive each value on the calling side.
As an example here's a parent actor that streams for 1 second from a
spawned subactor:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/asynchronous_generators.py
By default async generator functions are treated as inter-actor
*streams* when invoked via a portal (how else could you really interface
with them anyway) so no special syntax to denote the streaming *service*
is necessary.
Channels and Contexts
+++++++++++++++++++++
If you aren't fond of having to write an async generator to stream data
between actors (or need something more flexible) you can instead use
a ``Context``. A context wraps an actor-local spawned task and
a ``Channel`` so that tasks executing across multiple processes can
stream data to one another using a low level, request oriented API.
A ``Channel`` wraps an underlying *transport* and *interchange* format
to enable *inter-actor-communication*. In its present state ``tractor``
uses TCP and msgpack_.
As an example if you wanted to create a streaming server without writing
an async generator that *yields* values you instead define a decorated
async function:
.. code:: python
@tractor.stream
async def streamer(ctx: tractor.Context, rate: int = 2) -> None:
"""A simple web response streaming server.
"""
while True:
val = await web_request('http://data.feed.com')
# this is the same as ``yield`` in the async gen case
await ctx.send_yield(val)
await trio.sleep(1 / rate)
You must decorate the function with ``@tractor.stream`` and declare
a ``ctx`` argument as the first in your function signature and then
``tractor`` will treat the async function like an async generator - as
a stream from the calling/client side.
This turns out to be handy particularly if you have multiple tasks
pushing responses concurrently:
.. code:: python
async def streamer(
ctx: tractor.Context,
rate: int = 2
) -> None:
"""A simple web response streaming server.
"""
while True:
val = await web_request(url)
# this is the same as ``yield`` in the async gen case
await ctx.send_yield(val)
await trio.sleep(1 / rate)
@tractor.stream
async def stream_multiple_sources(
ctx: tractor.Context,
sources: List[str]
) -> None:
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
for url in sources:
n.start_soon(streamer, ctx, url)
The context notion comes from the context_ in nanomsg_.
.. _context: https://nanomsg.github.io/nng/man/tip/nng_ctx.5
.. _msgpack: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MessagePack
A full fledged streaming service
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Alright, let's get fancy.
Say you wanted to spawn two actors which each pull data feeds from
two different sources (and wanted this work spread across 2 cpus).
You also want to aggregate these feeds, do some processing on them and then
deliver the final result stream to a client (or in this case parent) actor
and print the results to your screen:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/full_fledged_streaming_service.py
Here there's four actors running in separate processes (using all the
cores on you machine). Two are streaming by *yielding* values from the
``stream_data()`` async generator, one is aggregating values from
those two in ``aggregate()`` (also an async generator) and shipping the
single stream of unique values up the parent actor (the ``'MainProcess'``
as ``multiprocessing`` calls it) which is running ``main()``.
.. _future: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_and_promises
.. _borrowed:
https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-core.html#getting-back-into-the-trio-thread-from-another-thread
.. _asynchronous generators: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0525/
.. _remote function execution: https://codespeak.net/execnet/example/test_info.html#remote-exec-a-function-avoiding-inlined-source-part-i
Actor local (aka *process global*) variables
********************************************
Although ``tractor`` uses a *shared-nothing* architecture between
processes you can of course share state between tasks running *within*
an actor (since a `trio.run()` runtime is single threaded). ``trio``
tasks spawned via multiple RPC calls to an actor can modify
*process-global-state* defined using Python module attributes:
.. code:: python
# a per process cache
_actor_cache: dict[str, bool] = {}
def ping_endpoints(endpoints: List[str]):
"""Start a polling process which runs completely separate
from our root actor/process.
"""
# This runs in a new process so no changes # will propagate
# back to the parent actor
while True:
for ep in endpoints:
status = await check_endpoint_is_up(ep)
_actor_cache[ep] = status
await trio.sleep(0.5)
async def get_alive_endpoints():
nonlocal _actor_cache
return {key for key, value in _actor_cache.items() if value}
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(ping_endpoints)
# print the alive endpoints after 3 seconds
await trio.sleep(3)
# this is submitted to be run in our "ping_endpoints" actor
print(await portal.run(get_alive_endpoints))
You can pass any kind of (`msgpack`) serializable data between actors using
function call semantics but building out a state sharing system per-actor
is totally up to you.
Service Discovery
*****************
Though it will be built out much more in the near future, ``tractor``
currently keeps track of actors by ``(name: str, id: str)`` using a
special actor called the *arbiter*. Currently the *arbiter* must exist
on a host (or it will be created if one can't be found) and keeps a
simple ``dict`` of actor names to sockets for discovery by other actors.
Obviously this can be made more sophisticated (help me with it!) but for
now it does the trick.
To find the arbiter from the current actor use the ``get_arbiter()`` function and to
find an actor's socket address by name use the ``find_actor()`` function:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/service_discovery.py
The ``name`` value you should pass to ``find_actor()`` is the one you passed as the
*first* argument to either ``trio.run()`` or ``ActorNursery.start_actor()``.
Running actors standalone
*************************
You don't have to spawn any actors using ``open_nursery()`` if you just
want to run a single actor that connects to an existing cluster.
All the comms and arbiter registration stuff still works. This can
somtimes turn out being handy when debugging mult-process apps when you
need to hop into a debugger. You just need to pass the existing
*arbiter*'s socket address you'd like to connect to:
.. code:: python
import trio
import tractor
async def main():
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
arbiter_addr=('192.168.0.10', 1616)
):
await trio.sleep_forever()
trio.run(main)
Choosing a process spawning backend
***********************************
``tractor`` is architected to support multiple actor (sub-process)
spawning backends. Specific defaults are chosen based on your system
but you can also explicitly select a backend of choice at startup
via a ``start_method`` kwarg to ``tractor.open_nursery()``.
Currently the options available are:
- ``trio``: a ``trio``-native spawner which is an async wrapper around ``subprocess``
- ``spawn``: one of the stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` `start methods`_
- ``forkserver``: a faster ``multiprocessing`` variant that is Unix only
.. _start methods: https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/multiprocessing.html#contexts-and-start-methods
``trio``
++++++++
The ``trio`` backend offers a lightweight async wrapper around ``subprocess`` from the standard library and takes advantage of the ``trio.`` `open_process`_ API.
.. _open_process: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference-io.html#spawning-subprocesses
``multiprocessing``
+++++++++++++++++++
There is support for the stdlib's ``multiprocessing`` `start methods`_.
Note that on Windows *spawn* it the only supported method and on \*nix
systems *forkserver* is the best method for speed but has the caveat
that it will break easily (hangs due to broken pipes) if spawning actors
using nested nurseries.
In general, the ``multiprocessing`` backend **has not proven reliable**
for handling errors from actors more then 2 nurseries *deep* (see `#89`_).
If you for some reason need this consider sticking with alternative
backends.
.. _#89: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/89
.. _windowsgotchas:
Windows "gotchas"
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
On Windows (which requires the use of the stdlib's `multiprocessing`
package) there are some gotchas. Namely, the need for calling
`freeze_support()`_ inside the ``__main__`` context. Additionally you
may need place you `tractor` program entry point in a seperate
`__main__.py` module in your package in order to avoid an error like the
following ::
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\ProgramData\Miniconda3\envs\tractor19030601\lib\site-packages\tractor\_actor.py", line 234, in _get_rpc_func
return getattr(self._mods[ns], funcname)
KeyError: '__mp_main__'
To avoid this, the following is the **only code** that should be in your
main python module of the program:
.. code:: python
# application/__main__.py
import trio
import tractor
import multiprocessing
from . import tractor_app
if __name__ == '__main__':
multiprocessing.freeze_support()
trio.run(tractor_app.main)
And execute as::
python -m application
As an example we use the following code to test all documented examples
in the test suite on windows:
.. literalinclude:: ../examples/__main__.py
See `#61`_ and `#79`_ for further details.
.. _freeze_support(): https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.freeze_support
.. _#61: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/61#issuecomment-470053512
.. _#79: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/79
Enabling logging
****************
Considering how complicated distributed software can become it helps to know
what exactly it's doing (even at the lowest levels). Luckily ``tractor`` has
tons of logging throughout the core. ``tractor`` isn't opinionated on
how you use this information and users are expected to consume log messages in
whichever way is appropriate for the system at hand. That being said, when hacking
on ``tractor`` there is a prettified console formatter which you can enable to
see what the heck is going on. Just put the following somewhere in your code:
.. code:: python
from tractor.log import get_console_log
log = get_console_log('trace')
What the future holds
---------------------
Stuff I'd like to see ``tractor`` do real soon:
- TLS_, duh.
- erlang-like supervisors_
- native support for `nanomsg`_ as a channel transport
- native `gossip protocol`_ support for service discovery and arbiter election
- a distributed log ledger for tracking cluster behaviour
- a slick multi-process aware debugger much like in celery_
but with better `pdb++`_ support
- an extensive `chaos engineering`_ test suite
- support for reactive programming primitives and native support for asyncitertools_ like libs
- introduction of a `capability-based security`_ model
.. _TLS: https://trio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference-io.html#ssl-tls-support
.. _supervisors: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/22
.. _nanomsg: https://nanomsg.github.io/nng/index.html
.. _gossip protocol: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip_protocol
.. _celery: http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/debugging.html
.. _asyncitertools: https://github.com/vodik/asyncitertools
.. _pdb++: https://github.com/antocuni/pdb
.. _capability-based security: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability-based_security

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#!/bin/bash
sphinx-build -b rst ./github_readme ./
mv _sphinx_readme.rst _README.rst

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@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
"""
Needed on Windows.
This module is needed as the program entry point for invocation
with ``python -m <modulename>``. See the solution from @chrizzFTD
here:
https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/pull/61#issuecomment-470053512
"""
if __name__ == '__main__':
import multiprocessing
multiprocessing.freeze_support()
# ``tests/test_docs_examples.py::test_example`` will copy each
# script from this examples directory into a module in a new
# temporary dir and name it test_example.py. We import that script
# module here and invoke it's ``main()``.
from . import test_example
test_example.trio.run(test_example.main)

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@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
_this_module = __name__
the_line = 'Hi my name is {}'
tractor.log.get_console_log("INFO")
async def hi():
return the_line.format(tractor.current_actor().name)
async def say_hello(other_actor):
async with tractor.wait_for_actor(other_actor) as portal:
return await portal.run(hi)
async def main():
"""Main tractor entry point, the "master" process (for now
acts as the "director").
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
print("Alright... Action!")
donny = await n.run_in_actor(
say_hello,
name='donny',
# arguments are always named
other_actor='gretchen',
)
gretchen = await n.run_in_actor(
say_hello,
name='gretchen',
other_actor='donny',
)
print(await gretchen.result())
print(await donny.result())
print("CUTTTT CUUTT CUT!!! Donny!! You're supposed to say...")
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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import trio
import tractor
async def cellar_door():
assert not tractor.is_root_process()
return "Dang that's beautiful"
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
cellar_door,
name='some_linguist',
)
# The ``async with`` will unblock here since the 'some_linguist'
# actor has completed its main task ``cellar_door``.
print(await portal.result())
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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import trio
import tractor
async def movie_theatre_question():
"""A question asked in a dark theatre, in a tangent
(errr, I mean different) process.
"""
return 'have you ever seen a portal?'
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'frank',
# enable the actor to run funcs from this current module
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
print(await portal.run(movie_theatre_question))
# call the subactor a 2nd time
print(await portal.run(movie_theatre_question))
# the async with will block here indefinitely waiting
# for our actor "frank" to complete, but since it's an
# "outlive_main" actor it will never end until cancelled
await portal.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,259 +0,0 @@
'''
Complex edge case where during real-time streaming the IPC tranport
channels are wiped out (purposely in this example though it could have
been an outage) and we want to ensure that despite being in debug mode
(or not) the user can sent SIGINT once they notice the hang and the
actor tree will eventually be cancelled without leaving any zombies.
'''
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as acm
from functools import partial
from tractor import (
open_nursery,
context,
Context,
ContextCancelled,
MsgStream,
_testing,
)
import trio
import pytest
async def break_ipc_then_error(
stream: MsgStream,
break_ipc_with: str|None = None,
pre_close: bool = False,
):
await _testing.break_ipc(
stream=stream,
method=break_ipc_with,
pre_close=pre_close,
)
async for msg in stream:
await stream.send(msg)
assert 0
async def iter_ipc_stream(
stream: MsgStream,
break_ipc_with: str|None = None,
pre_close: bool = False,
):
async for msg in stream:
await stream.send(msg)
@context
async def recv_and_spawn_net_killers(
ctx: Context,
break_ipc_after: bool|int = False,
pre_close: bool = False,
) -> None:
'''
Receive stream msgs and spawn some IPC killers mid-stream.
'''
broke_ipc: bool = False
await ctx.started()
async with (
ctx.open_stream() as stream,
trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as tn,
):
async for i in stream:
print(f'child echoing {i}')
if not broke_ipc:
await stream.send(i)
else:
await trio.sleep(0.01)
if (
break_ipc_after
and
i >= break_ipc_after
):
broke_ipc = True
tn.start_soon(
iter_ipc_stream,
stream,
)
tn.start_soon(
partial(
break_ipc_then_error,
stream=stream,
pre_close=pre_close,
)
)
@acm
async def stuff_hangin_ctlc(timeout: float = 1) -> None:
with trio.move_on_after(timeout) as cs:
yield timeout
if cs.cancelled_caught:
# pretend to be a user seeing no streaming action
# thinking it's a hang, and then hitting ctl-c..
print(
f"i'm a user on the PARENT side and thingz hangin "
f'after timeout={timeout} ???\n\n'
'MASHING CTlR-C..!?\n'
)
raise KeyboardInterrupt
async def main(
debug_mode: bool = False,
start_method: str = 'trio',
loglevel: str = 'cancel',
# by default we break the parent IPC first (if configured to break
# at all), but this can be changed so the child does first (even if
# both are set to break).
break_parent_ipc_after: int|bool = False,
break_child_ipc_after: int|bool = False,
pre_close: bool = False,
) -> None:
async with (
open_nursery(
start_method=start_method,
# NOTE: even debugger is used we shouldn't get
# a hang since it never engages due to broken IPC
debug_mode=debug_mode,
loglevel=loglevel,
) as an,
):
sub_name: str = 'chitty_hijo'
portal = await an.start_actor(
sub_name,
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with (
stuff_hangin_ctlc(timeout=2) as timeout,
_testing.expect_ctxc(
yay=(
break_parent_ipc_after
or break_child_ipc_after
),
# TODO: we CAN'T remove this right?
# since we need the ctxc to bubble up from either
# the stream API after the `None` msg is sent
# (which actually implicitly cancels all remote
# tasks in the hijo) or from simluated
# KBI-mash-from-user
# or should we expect that a KBI triggers the ctxc
# and KBI in an eg?
reraise=True,
),
portal.open_context(
recv_and_spawn_net_killers,
break_ipc_after=break_child_ipc_after,
pre_close=pre_close,
) as (ctx, sent),
):
rx_eoc: bool = False
ipc_break_sent: bool = False
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
for i in range(1000):
if (
break_parent_ipc_after
and
i > break_parent_ipc_after
and
not ipc_break_sent
):
print(
'#################################\n'
'Simulating PARENT-side IPC BREAK!\n'
'#################################\n'
)
# TODO: other methods? see break func above.
# await stream._ctx.chan.send(None)
# await stream._ctx.chan.transport.stream.send_eof()
await stream._ctx.chan.transport.stream.aclose()
ipc_break_sent = True
# it actually breaks right here in the
# mp_spawn/forkserver backends and thus the
# zombie reaper never even kicks in?
try:
print(f'parent sending {i}')
await stream.send(i)
except ContextCancelled as ctxc:
print(
'parent received ctxc on `stream.send()`\n'
f'{ctxc}\n'
)
assert 'root' in ctxc.canceller
assert sub_name in ctx.canceller
# TODO: is this needed or no?
raise
except trio.ClosedResourceError:
# NOTE: don't send if we already broke the
# connection to avoid raising a closed-error
# such that we drop through to the ctl-c
# mashing by user.
await trio.sleep(0.01)
# timeout: int = 1
# with trio.move_on_after(timeout) as cs:
async with stuff_hangin_ctlc() as timeout:
print(
f'PARENT `stream.receive()` with timeout={timeout}\n'
)
# NOTE: in the parent side IPC failure case this
# will raise an ``EndOfChannel`` after the child
# is killed and sends a stop msg back to it's
# caller/this-parent.
try:
rx = await stream.receive()
print(
"I'm a happy PARENT user and echoed to me is\n"
f'{rx}\n'
)
except trio.EndOfChannel:
rx_eoc: bool = True
print('MsgStream got EoC for PARENT')
raise
print(
'Streaming finished and we got Eoc.\n'
'Canceling `.open_context()` in root with\n'
'CTlR-C..'
)
if rx_eoc:
assert stream.closed
try:
await stream.send(i)
pytest.fail('stream not closed?')
except (
trio.ClosedResourceError,
trio.EndOfChannel,
) as send_err:
if rx_eoc:
assert send_err is stream._eoc
else:
assert send_err is stream._closed
raise KeyboardInterrupt
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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from typing import AsyncIterator
from itertools import repeat
import trio
import tractor
async def stream_forever() -> AsyncIterator[int]:
for i in repeat("I can see these little future bubble things"):
# each yielded value is sent over the ``Channel`` to the parent actor
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.01)
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'donny',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
# this async for loop streams values from the above
# async generator running in a separate process
async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_forever) as stream:
count = 0
async for letter in stream:
print(letter)
count += 1
if count > 50:
break
print('stream terminated')
await portal.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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'''
Examples of using the builtin `breakpoint()` from an `asyncio.Task`
running in a subactor spawned with `infect_asyncio=True`.
'''
import asyncio
import trio
import tractor
from tractor import (
to_asyncio,
Portal,
)
async def aio_sleep_forever():
await asyncio.sleep(float('inf'))
async def bp_then_error(
to_trio: trio.MemorySendChannel,
from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
raise_after_bp: bool = True,
) -> None:
# sync with `trio`-side (caller) task
to_trio.send_nowait('start')
# NOTE: what happens here inside the hook needs some refinement..
# => seems like it's still `._debug._set_trace()` but
# we set `Lock.local_task_in_debug = 'sync'`, we probably want
# some further, at least, meta-data about the task/actor in debug
# in terms of making it clear it's `asyncio` mucking about.
breakpoint() # asyncio-side
# short checkpoint / delay
await asyncio.sleep(0.5) # asyncio-side
if raise_after_bp:
raise ValueError('asyncio side error!')
# TODO: test case with this so that it gets cancelled?
else:
# XXX NOTE: this is required in order to get the SIGINT-ignored
# hang case documented in the module script section!
await aio_sleep_forever()
@tractor.context
async def trio_ctx(
ctx: tractor.Context,
bp_before_started: bool = False,
):
# this will block until the ``asyncio`` task sends a "first"
# message, see first line in above func.
async with (
to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
bp_then_error,
# raise_after_bp=not bp_before_started,
) as (first, chan),
trio.open_nursery() as tn,
):
assert first == 'start'
if bp_before_started:
await tractor.pause() # trio-side
await ctx.started(first) # trio-side
tn.start_soon(
to_asyncio.run_task,
aio_sleep_forever,
)
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main(
bps_all_over: bool = True,
# TODO, WHICH OF THESE HAZ BUGZ?
cancel_from_root: bool = False,
err_from_root: bool = False,
) -> None:
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
maybe_enable_greenback=True,
# loglevel='devx',
) as an:
ptl: Portal = await an.start_actor(
'aio_daemon',
enable_modules=[__name__],
infect_asyncio=True,
debug_mode=True,
# loglevel='cancel',
)
async with ptl.open_context(
trio_ctx,
bp_before_started=bps_all_over,
) as (ctx, first):
assert first == 'start'
# pause in parent to ensure no cross-actor
# locking problems exist!
await tractor.pause() # trio-root
if cancel_from_root:
await ctx.cancel()
if err_from_root:
assert 0
else:
await trio.sleep_forever()
# TODO: case where we cancel from trio-side while asyncio task
# has debugger lock?
# await ptl.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
# works fine B)
trio.run(main)
# will hang and ignores SIGINT !!
# NOTE: you'll need to send a SIGQUIT (via ctl-\) to kill it
# manually..
# trio.run(main, True)

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'''
Reproduce a bug where enabling debug mode for a sub-actor actually causes
a hang on teardown...
'''
import asyncio
import trio
import tractor

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'''
Fast fail test with a `Context`.
Ensure the partially initialized sub-actor process
doesn't cause a hang on error/cancel of the parent
nursery.
'''
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def sleep(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
await trio.sleep(0.5)
await ctx.started()
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def open_ctx(
n: tractor._supervise.ActorNursery
):
# spawn both actors
portal = await n.start_actor(
name='sleeper',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with portal.open_context(
sleep,
) as (ctx, first):
assert first is None
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='runtime',
) as an:
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
n.start_soon(open_ctx, an)
await trio.sleep(0.2)
await trio.sleep(0.1)
assert 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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import tractor
import trio
async def breakpoint_forever():
"Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
try:
while True:
yield 'yo'
await tractor.pause()
except BaseException:
tractor.log.get_console_log().exception(
'Cancelled while trying to enter pause point!'
)
raise
async def name_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
getattr(doggypants) # noqa
async def main():
'''
Test breakpoint in a streaming actor.
'''
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='cancel',
# loglevel='devx',
) as n:
p0 = await n.start_actor('bp_forever', enable_modules=[__name__])
p1 = await n.start_actor('name_error', enable_modules=[__name__])
# retreive results
async with p0.open_stream_from(breakpoint_forever) as stream:
# triggers the first name error
try:
await p1.run(name_error)
except tractor.RemoteActorError as rae:
assert rae.boxed_type is NameError
async for i in stream:
# a second time try the failing subactor and this tie
# let error propagate up to the parent/nursery.
await p1.run(name_error)
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def name_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
getattr(doggypants) # noqa
async def breakpoint_forever():
"Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
while True:
await tractor.pause()
# NOTE: if the test never sent 'q'/'quit' commands
# on the pdb repl, without this checkpoint line the
# repl would spin in this actor forever.
# await trio.sleep(0)
async def spawn_until(depth=0):
""""A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
if depth < 1:
await n.run_in_actor(breakpoint_forever)
p = await n.run_in_actor(
name_error,
name='name_error'
)
await trio.sleep(0.5)
# rx and propagate error from child
await p.result()
else:
# recusrive call to spawn another process branching layer of
# the tree
depth -= 1
await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_until,
depth=depth,
name=f'spawn_until_{depth}',
)
# TODO: notes on the new boxed-relayed errors through proxy actors
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
The process tree should look as approximately as follows when the debugger
first engages:
python examples/debugging/multi_nested_subactors_bp_forever.py
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner1', '7eab8462 ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_3', 'afcba7a8 ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_2', 'd2433d13 ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_1', '1df589de ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_0', '3720602b ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner0', '1d42012b ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_2', '2877e155 ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_1', '0502d786 ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_0', 'de918e6d ...)
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
# loglevel='cancel',
) as n:
# spawn both actors
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_until,
depth=3,
name='spawner0',
)
portal1 = await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_until,
depth=4,
name='spawner1',
)
# TODO: test this case as well where the parent don't see
# the sub-actor errors by default and instead expect a user
# ctrl-c to kill the root.
with trio.move_on_after(3):
await trio.sleep_forever()
# gah still an issue here.
await portal.result()
# should never get here
await portal1.result()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
'''
Test that a nested nursery will avoid clobbering
the debugger latched by a broken child.
'''
import trio
import tractor
async def name_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
getattr(doggypants) # noqa
async def spawn_error():
""""A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
name_error,
name='name_error_1',
)
return await portal.result()
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
The process tree should look as approximately as follows:
python examples/debugging/multi_subactors.py
python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', 'a7caf490 ...)
`-python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_error', '52ee14a5 ...)
`-python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '3391222c ...)
Order of failure:
- nested name_error sub-sub-actor
- root actor should then fail on assert
- program termination
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='devx',
) as n:
# spawn both actors
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
name_error,
name='name_error',
)
portal1 = await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_error,
name='spawn_error',
)
# trigger a root actor error
assert 0
# attempt to collect results (which raises error in parent)
# still has some issues where the parent seems to get stuck
await portal.result()
await portal1.result()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
import tractor
import trio
async def breakpoint_forever():
"Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor."
while True:
await trio.sleep(0.1)
await tractor.pause()
async def name_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
getattr(doggypants) # noqa
async def spawn_error():
""""A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
name_error,
name='name_error_1',
)
return await portal.result()
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
The process tree should look as approximately as follows:
-python examples/debugging/multi_subactors.py
|-python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', 'a7caf490 ...)
|-python -m tractor._child --uid ('bp_forever', '1f787a7e ...)
`-python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_error', '52ee14a5 ...)
`-python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '3391222c ...)
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
# loglevel='runtime',
) as n:
# Spawn both actors, don't bother with collecting results
# (would result in a different debugger outcome due to parent's
# cancellation).
await n.run_in_actor(breakpoint_forever)
await n.run_in_actor(name_error)
await n.run_in_actor(spawn_error)
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def just_sleep(
ctx: tractor.Context,
**kwargs,
) -> None:
'''
Start and sleep.
'''
await ctx.started()
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main() -> None:
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
) as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'ctx_child',
# XXX: we don't enable the current module in order
# to trigger `ModuleNotFound`.
enable_modules=[],
)
async with portal.open_context(
just_sleep, # taken from pytest parameterization
) as (ctx, sent):
raise KeyboardInterrupt
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def die():
raise RuntimeError
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
debug_actor = await tn.start_actor(
'debugged_boi',
enable_modules=[__name__],
debug_mode=True,
)
crash_boi = await tn.start_actor(
'crash_boi',
enable_modules=[__name__],
# debug_mode=True,
)
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
n.start_soon(debug_actor.run, die)
n.start_soon(crash_boi.run, die)
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def name_error(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
'''
Raise a `NameError`, catch it and enter `.post_mortem()`, then
expect the `._rpc._invoke()` crash handler to also engage.
'''
try:
getattr(doggypants) # noqa (on purpose)
except NameError:
await tractor.post_mortem()
raise
async def main():
'''
Test 3 `PdbREPL` entries:
- one in the child due to manual `.post_mortem()`,
- another in the child due to runtime RPC crash handling.
- final one here in parent from the RAE.
'''
# XXX NOTE: ideally the REPL arrives at this frame in the parent
# ONE UP FROM the inner ctx block below!
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
# loglevel='cancel',
) as an:
p: tractor.Portal = await an.start_actor(
'child',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
# XXX should raise `RemoteActorError[NameError]`
# AND be the active frame when REPL enters!
try:
async with p.open_context(name_error) as (ctx, first):
assert first
except tractor.RemoteActorError as rae:
assert rae.boxed_type is NameError
# manually handle in root's parent task
await tractor.post_mortem()
raise
else:
raise RuntimeError('IPC ctx should have remote errored!?')
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
import os
import sys
import trio
import tractor
async def main() -> None:
# intially unset, no entry.
orig_pybp_var: int = os.environ.get('PYTHONBREAKPOINT')
assert orig_pybp_var in {None, "0"}
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
) as an:
assert an
assert (
(pybp_var := os.environ['PYTHONBREAKPOINT'])
==
'tractor.devx._debug._sync_pause_from_builtin'
)
# TODO: an assert that verifies the hook has indeed been, hooked
# XD
assert (
(pybp_hook := sys.breakpointhook)
is not tractor.devx._debug._set_trace
)
print(
f'$PYTHONOBREAKPOINT: {pybp_var!r}\n'
f'`sys.breakpointhook`: {pybp_hook!r}\n'
)
breakpoint() # first bp, tractor hook set.
# XXX AFTER EXIT (of actor-runtime) verify the hook is unset..
#
# YES, this is weird but it's how stdlib docs say to do it..
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/sys.html#sys.breakpointhook
assert os.environ.get('PYTHONBREAKPOINT') is orig_pybp_var
assert sys.breakpointhook
# now ensure a regular builtin pause still works
breakpoint() # last bp, stdlib hook restored
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def main():
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
debug_mode=True,
):
await trio.sleep(0.1)
await tractor.pause()
await trio.sleep(0.1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def main(
registry_addrs: tuple[str, int]|None = None
):
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
debug_mode=True,
# loglevel='runtime',
):
while True:
await tractor.pause()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def main():
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
debug_mode=True,
):
assert 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def name_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
getattr(doggypants) # noqa
async def spawn_until(depth=0):
""""A nested nursery that triggers another ``NameError``.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
if depth < 1:
# await n.run_in_actor('breakpoint_forever', breakpoint_forever)
await n.run_in_actor(name_error)
else:
depth -= 1
await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_until,
depth=depth,
name=f'spawn_until_{depth}',
)
async def main():
"""The main ``tractor`` routine.
The process tree should look as approximately as follows when the debugger
first engages:
python examples/debugging/multi_nested_subactors_bp_forever.py
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner1', '7eab8462 ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawn_until_0', '3720602b ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '505bf71d ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('spawner0', '1d42012b ...)
python -m tractor._child --uid ('name_error', '6c2733b8 ...)
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='warning'
) as n:
# spawn both actors
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_until,
depth=0,
name='spawner0',
)
portal1 = await n.run_in_actor(
spawn_until,
depth=1,
name='spawner1',
)
# nursery cancellation should be triggered due to propagated
# error from child.
await portal.result()
await portal1.result()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def key_error():
"Raise a ``NameError``"
return {}['doggy']
async def main():
"""Root dies
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='debug'
) as n:
# spawn both actors
portal = await n.run_in_actor(key_error)
# XXX: originally a bug caused by this is where root would enter
# the debugger and clobber the tty used by the repl even though
# child should have it locked.
with trio.fail_after(1):
await trio.Event().wait()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
'''
Verify we can dump a `stackscope` tree on a hang.
'''
import os
import signal
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def start_n_shield_hang(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
# actor: tractor.Actor = tractor.current_actor()
# sync to parent-side task
await ctx.started(os.getpid())
print('Entering shield sleep..')
with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
await trio.sleep_forever() # in subactor
# XXX NOTE ^^^ since this shields, we expect
# the zombie reaper (aka T800) to engage on
# SIGINT from the user and eventually hard-kill
# this subprocess!
async def main(
from_test: bool = False,
) -> None:
async with (
tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
enable_stack_on_sig=True,
# maybe_enable_greenback=False,
loglevel='devx',
) as an,
):
ptl: tractor.Portal = await an.start_actor(
'hanger',
enable_modules=[__name__],
debug_mode=True,
)
async with ptl.open_context(
start_n_shield_hang,
) as (ctx, cpid):
_, proc, _ = an._children[ptl.chan.uid]
assert cpid == proc.pid
print(
'Yo my child hanging..?\n'
# "i'm a user who wants to see a `stackscope` tree!\n"
)
# XXX simulate the wrapping test's "user actions"
# (i.e. if a human didn't run this manually but wants to
# know what they should do to reproduce test behaviour)
if from_test:
print(
f'Sending SIGUSR1 to {cpid!r}!\n'
)
os.kill(
cpid,
signal.SIGUSR1,
)
# simulate user cancelling program
await trio.sleep(0.5)
os.kill(
os.getpid(),
signal.SIGINT,
)
else:
# actually let user send the ctl-c
await trio.sleep_forever() # in root
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def cancellable_pause_loop(
task_status: trio.TaskStatus[trio.CancelScope] = trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED
):
with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
task_status.started(cs)
for _ in range(3):
try:
# ON first entry, there is no level triggered
# cancellation yet, so this cp does a parent task
# ctx-switch so that this scope raises for the NEXT
# checkpoint we hit.
await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
await tractor.pause()
cs.cancel()
# parent should have called `cs.cancel()` by now
await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
except trio.Cancelled:
print('INSIDE SHIELDED PAUSE')
await tractor.pause(shield=True)
else:
# should raise it again, bubbling up to parent
print('BUBBLING trio.Cancelled to parent task-nursery')
await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
async def pm_on_cancelled():
async with trio.open_nursery() as tn:
tn.cancel_scope.cancel()
try:
await trio.sleep_forever()
except trio.Cancelled:
# should also raise `Cancelled` since
# we didn't pass `shield=True`.
try:
await tractor.post_mortem(hide_tb=False)
except trio.Cancelled as taskc:
# should enter just fine, in fact it should
# be debugging the internals of the previous
# sin-shield call above Bo
await tractor.post_mortem(
hide_tb=False,
shield=True,
)
raise taskc
else:
raise RuntimeError('Dint cancel as expected!?')
async def cancelled_before_pause(
):
'''
Verify that using a shielded pause works despite surrounding
cancellation called state in the calling task.
'''
async with trio.open_nursery() as tn:
cs: trio.CancelScope = await tn.start(cancellable_pause_loop)
await trio.sleep(0.1)
assert cs.cancelled_caught
await pm_on_cancelled()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
) as n:
portal: tractor.Portal = await n.run_in_actor(
cancelled_before_pause,
)
await portal.result()
# ensure the same works in the root actor!
await pm_on_cancelled()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
import tractor
import trio
async def gen():
yield 'yo'
await tractor.pause()
yield 'yo'
await tractor.pause()
@tractor.context
async def just_bp(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
await ctx.started()
await tractor.pause()
# TODO: bps and errors in this call..
async for val in gen():
print(val)
# await trio.sleep(0.5)
# prematurely destroy the connection
await ctx.chan.aclose()
# THIS CAUSES AN UNRECOVERABLE HANG
# without latest ``pdbpp``:
assert 0
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
) as n:
p = await n.start_actor(
'bp_boi',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with p.open_context(
just_bp,
) as (ctx, first):
await trio.sleep_forever()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def breakpoint_forever():
'''
Indefinitely re-enter debugger in child actor.
'''
while True:
await trio.sleep(0.1)
await tractor.pause()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
loglevel='cancel',
) as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(
breakpoint_forever,
)
await portal.result()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def name_error():
getattr(doggypants) # noqa (on purpose)
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
# loglevel='transport',
) as an:
# TODO: ideally the REPL arrives at this frame in the parent,
# ABOVE the @api_frame of `Portal.run_in_actor()` (which
# should eventually not even be a portal method ... XD)
# await tractor.pause()
p: tractor.Portal = await an.run_in_actor(name_error)
# with this style, should raise on this line
await p.result()
# with this alt style should raise at `open_nusery()`
# return await p.result()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
from functools import partial
import time
import trio
import tractor
# TODO: only import these when not running from test harness?
# can we detect `pexpect` usage maybe?
# from tractor.devx._debug import (
# get_lock,
# get_debug_req,
# )
def sync_pause(
use_builtin: bool = False,
error: bool = False,
hide_tb: bool = True,
pre_sleep: float|None = None,
):
if pre_sleep:
time.sleep(pre_sleep)
if use_builtin:
breakpoint(hide_tb=hide_tb)
else:
# TODO: maybe for testing some kind of cm style interface
# where the `._set_trace()` call doesn't happen until block
# exit?
# assert get_lock().ctx_in_debug is None
# assert get_debug_req().repl is None
tractor.pause_from_sync()
# assert get_debug_req().repl is None
if error:
raise RuntimeError('yoyo sync code error')
@tractor.context
async def start_n_sync_pause(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
actor: tractor.Actor = tractor.current_actor()
# sync to parent-side task
await ctx.started()
print(f'Entering `sync_pause()` in subactor: {actor.uid}\n')
sync_pause()
print(f'Exited `sync_pause()` in subactor: {actor.uid}\n')
async def main() -> None:
async with (
tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=True,
maybe_enable_greenback=True,
enable_stack_on_sig=True,
# loglevel='warning',
# loglevel='devx',
) as an,
trio.open_nursery() as tn,
):
# just from root task
sync_pause()
p: tractor.Portal = await an.start_actor(
'subactor',
enable_modules=[__name__],
# infect_asyncio=True,
debug_mode=True,
)
# TODO: 3 sub-actor usage cases:
# -[x] via a `.open_context()`
# -[ ] via a `.run_in_actor()` call
# -[ ] via a `.run()`
# -[ ] via a `.to_thread.run_sync()` in subactor
async with p.open_context(
start_n_sync_pause,
) as (ctx, first):
assert first is None
# TODO: handle bg-thread-in-root-actor special cases!
#
# there are a couple very subtle situations possible here
# and they are likely to become more important as cpython
# moves to support no-GIL.
#
# Cases:
# 1. root-actor bg-threads that call `.pause_from_sync()`
# whilst an in-tree subactor also is using ` .pause()`.
# |_ since the root-actor bg thread can not
# `Lock._debug_lock.acquire_nowait()` without running
# a `trio.Task`, AND because the
# `PdbREPL.set_continue()` is called from that
# bg-thread, we can not `._debug_lock.release()`
# either!
# |_ this results in no actor-tree `Lock` being used
# on behalf of the bg-thread and thus the subactor's
# task and the thread trying to to use stdio
# simultaneously which results in the classic TTY
# clobbering!
#
# 2. mutiple sync-bg-threads that call
# `.pause_from_sync()` where one is scheduled via
# `Nursery.start_soon(to_thread.run_sync)` in a bg
# task.
#
# Due to the GIL, the threads never truly try to step
# through the REPL simultaneously, BUT their `logging`
# and traceback outputs are interleaved since the GIL
# (seemingly) on every REPL-input from the user
# switches threads..
#
# Soo, the context switching semantics of the GIL
# result in a very confusing and messy interaction UX
# since eval and (tb) print output is NOT synced to
# each REPL-cycle (like we normally make it via
# a `.set_continue()` callback triggering the
# `Lock.release()`). Ideally we can solve this
# usability issue NOW because this will of course be
# that much more important when eventually there is no
# GIL!
# XXX should cause double REPL entry and thus TTY
# clobbering due to case 1. above!
tn.start_soon(
partial(
trio.to_thread.run_sync,
partial(
sync_pause,
use_builtin=False,
# pre_sleep=0.5,
),
abandon_on_cancel=True,
thread_name='start_soon_root_bg_thread',
)
)
await tractor.pause()
# XXX should cause double REPL entry and thus TTY
# clobbering due to case 2. above!
await trio.to_thread.run_sync(
partial(
sync_pause,
# NOTE this already works fine since in the new
# thread the `breakpoint()` built-in is never
# overloaded, thus NO locking is used, HOWEVER
# the case 2. from above still exists!
use_builtin=True,
),
# TODO: with this `False` we can hang!??!
# abandon_on_cancel=False,
abandon_on_cancel=True,
thread_name='inline_root_bg_thread',
)
await ctx.cancel()
# TODO: case where we cancel from trio-side while asyncio task
# has debugger lock?
await p.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
import time
import trio
import tractor
from tractor import (
ActorNursery,
MsgStream,
Portal,
)
# this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
async def stream_data(seed):
for i in range(seed):
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.0001) # trigger scheduler
# this is the third actor; the aggregator
async def aggregate(seed):
'''
Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
a single set of values to the parent.
'''
an: ActorNursery
async with tractor.open_nursery() as an:
portals: list[Portal] = []
for i in range(1, 3):
# fork/spawn call
portal = await an.start_actor(
name=f'streamer_{i}',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
portals.append(portal)
send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(500)
async def push_to_chan(portal, send_chan):
# TODO: https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/207
async with send_chan:
async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_data, seed=seed) as stream:
async for value in stream:
# leverage trio's built-in backpressure
await send_chan.send(value)
print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
# spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
for portal in portals:
n.start_soon(
push_to_chan,
portal,
send_chan.clone(),
)
# close this local task's reference to send side
await send_chan.aclose()
unique_vals = set()
async with recv_chan:
async for value in recv_chan:
if value not in unique_vals:
unique_vals.add(value)
# yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
yield value
assert value in unique_vals
print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
await an.cancel()
print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
async def main() -> list[int]:
'''
This is the "root" actor's main task's entrypoint.
By default (and if not otherwise specified) that root process
also acts as a "registry actor" / "registrar" on the localhost
for the purposes of multi-actor "service discovery".
'''
# yes, a nursery which spawns `trio`-"actors" B)
an: ActorNursery
async with tractor.open_nursery(
loglevel='cancel',
# debug_mode=True,
) as an:
seed = int(1e3)
pre_start = time.time()
portal: Portal = await an.start_actor(
name='aggregator',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
stream: MsgStream
async with portal.open_stream_from(
aggregate,
seed=seed,
) as stream:
start = time.time()
# the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
# as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
result_stream: list[int] = []
async for value in stream:
result_stream.append(value)
cancelled: bool = await portal.cancel_actor()
assert cancelled
print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
assert result_stream == list(range(seed))
return result_stream
if __name__ == '__main__':
final_stream = trio.run(main)

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@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
'''
An SC compliant infected ``asyncio`` echo server.
'''
import asyncio
from statistics import mean
import time
import trio
import tractor
async def aio_echo_server(
to_trio: trio.MemorySendChannel,
from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
) -> None:
# a first message must be sent **from** this ``asyncio``
# task or the ``trio`` side will never unblock from
# ``tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from():``
to_trio.send_nowait('start')
# XXX: this uses an ``from_trio: asyncio.Queue`` currently but we
# should probably offer something better.
while True:
# echo the msg back
to_trio.send_nowait(await from_trio.get())
await asyncio.sleep(0)
@tractor.context
async def trio_to_aio_echo_server(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
# this will block until the ``asyncio`` task sends a "first"
# message.
async with tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
aio_echo_server,
) as (first, chan):
assert first == 'start'
await ctx.started(first)
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
async for msg in stream:
await chan.send(msg)
out = await chan.receive()
# echo back to parent actor-task
await stream.send(out)
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
p = await n.start_actor(
'aio_server',
enable_modules=[__name__],
infect_asyncio=True,
)
async with p.open_context(
trio_to_aio_echo_server,
) as (ctx, first):
assert first == 'start'
count = 0
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
delays = []
send = time.time()
await stream.send(count)
async for msg in stream:
recv = time.time()
delays.append(recv - send)
assert msg == count
count += 1
send = time.time()
await stream.send(count)
if count >= 1e3:
break
print(f'mean round trip rate (Hz): {1/mean(delays)}')
await p.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
import trio
import click
import tractor
import pydantic
# from multiprocessing import shared_memory
@tractor.context
async def just_sleep(
ctx: tractor.Context,
**kwargs,
) -> None:
'''
Test a small ping-pong 2-way streaming server.
'''
await ctx.started()
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main() -> None:
proc = await trio.open_process( (
'python',
'-c',
'import trio; trio.run(trio.sleep_forever)',
))
await proc.wait()
# await trio.sleep_forever()
# async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
# portal = await n.start_actor(
# 'rpc_server',
# enable_modules=[__name__],
# )
# async with portal.open_context(
# just_sleep, # taken from pytest parameterization
# ) as (ctx, sent):
# await trio.sleep_forever()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import time
# time.sleep(999)
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
log = tractor.log.get_logger('multiportal')
async def stream_data(seed=10):
log.info("Starting stream task")
for i in range(seed):
yield i
await trio.sleep(0) # trigger scheduler
async def stream_from_portal(p, consumed):
async with p.open_stream_from(stream_data) as stream:
async for item in stream:
if item in consumed:
consumed.remove(item)
else:
consumed.append(item)
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(loglevel='info') as an:
p = await an.start_actor('stream_boi', enable_modules=[__name__])
consumed = []
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
for i in range(2):
n.start_soon(stream_from_portal, p, consumed)
# both streaming consumer tasks have completed and so we should
# have nothing in our list thanks to single threadedness
assert not consumed
await an.cancel()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
import time
import concurrent.futures
import math
PRIMES = [
112272535095293,
112582705942171,
112272535095293,
115280095190773,
115797848077099,
1099726899285419]
def is_prime(n):
if n < 2:
return False
if n == 2:
return True
if n % 2 == 0:
return False
sqrt_n = int(math.floor(math.sqrt(n)))
for i in range(3, sqrt_n + 1, 2):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
def main():
with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:
start = time.time()
for number, prime in zip(PRIMES, executor.map(is_prime, PRIMES)):
print('%d is prime: %s' % (number, prime))
print(f'processing took {time.time() - start} seconds')
if __name__ == '__main__':
start = time.time()
main()
print(f'script took {time.time() - start} seconds')

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@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
"""
Demonstration of the prime number detector example from the
``concurrent.futures`` docs:
https://docs.python.org/3/library/concurrent.futures.html#processpoolexecutor-example
This uses no extra threads, fancy semaphores or futures; all we need
is ``tractor``'s channels.
"""
from contextlib import (
asynccontextmanager as acm,
aclosing,
)
from typing import Callable
import itertools
import math
import time
import tractor
import trio
PRIMES = [
112272535095293,
112582705942171,
112272535095293,
115280095190773,
115797848077099,
1099726899285419,
]
async def is_prime(n):
if n < 2:
return False
if n == 2:
return True
if n % 2 == 0:
return False
sqrt_n = int(math.floor(math.sqrt(n)))
for i in range(3, sqrt_n + 1, 2):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
@acm
async def worker_pool(workers=4):
"""Though it's a trivial special case for ``tractor``, the well
known "worker pool" seems to be the defacto "but, I want this
process pattern!" for most parallelism pilgrims.
Yes, the workers stay alive (and ready for work) until you close
the context.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
portals = []
snd_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(len(PRIMES))
for i in range(workers):
# this starts a new sub-actor (process + trio runtime) and
# stores it's "portal" for later use to "submit jobs" (ugh).
portals.append(
await tn.start_actor(
f'worker_{i}',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
)
async def _map(
worker_func: Callable[[int], bool],
sequence: list[int]
) -> list[bool]:
# define an async (local) task to collect results from workers
async def send_result(func, value, portal):
await snd_chan.send((value, await portal.run(func, n=value)))
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
for value, portal in zip(sequence, itertools.cycle(portals)):
n.start_soon(
send_result,
worker_func,
value,
portal
)
# deliver results as they arrive
for _ in range(len(sequence)):
yield await recv_chan.receive()
# deliver the parallel "worker mapper" to user code
yield _map
# tear down all "workers" on pool close
await tn.cancel()
async def main():
async with worker_pool() as actor_map:
start = time.time()
async with aclosing(actor_map(is_prime, PRIMES)) as results:
async for number, prime in results:
print(f'{number} is prime: {prime}')
print(f'processing took {time.time() - start} seconds')
if __name__ == '__main__':
start = time.time()
trio.run(main)
print(f'script took {time.time() - start} seconds')

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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
"""
Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
$TERM -e watch -n 0.1 "pstree -a $$" \
& python examples/parallelism/single_func.py \
&& kill $!
"""
import os
import tractor
import trio
async def burn_cpu():
pid = os.getpid()
# burn a core @ ~ 50kHz
for _ in range(50000):
await trio.sleep(1/50000/50)
return os.getpid()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.run_in_actor(burn_cpu)
# burn rubber in the parent too
await burn_cpu()
# wait on result from target function
pid = await portal.result()
# end of nursery block
print(f"Collected subproc {pid}")
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
"""
Run with a process monitor from a terminal using::
$TERM -e watch -n 0.1 "pstree -a $$" \
& python examples/parallelism/we_are_processes.py \
&& kill $!
"""
from multiprocessing import cpu_count
import os
import tractor
import trio
async def target():
print(
f"Yo, i'm '{tractor.current_actor().name}' "
f"running in pid {os.getpid()}"
)
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
for i in range(cpu_count()):
await n.run_in_actor(target, name=f'worker_{i}')
print('This process tree will self-destruct in 1 sec...')
await trio.sleep(1)
# you could have done this yourself
raise Exception('Self Destructed')
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
trio.run(main)
except Exception:
print('Zombies Contained')

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@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def sleepy_jane() -> None:
uid: tuple = tractor.current_actor().uid
print(f'Yo i am actor {uid}')
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main():
'''
Spawn a flat actor cluster, with one process per detected core.
'''
portal_map: dict[str, tractor.Portal]
# look at this hip new syntax!
async with (
tractor.open_actor_cluster(
modules=[__name__]
) as portal_map,
trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as tn,
):
for (name, portal) in portal_map.items():
tn.start_soon(
portal.run,
sleepy_jane,
)
await trio.sleep(0.5)
# kill the cluster with a cancel
raise KeyboardInterrupt
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
trio.run(main)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('trio cancelled by KBI')

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@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
async def assert_err():
assert 0
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
real_actors = []
for i in range(3):
real_actors.append(await n.start_actor(
f'actor_{i}',
enable_modules=[__name__],
))
# start one actor that will fail immediately
await n.run_in_actor(assert_err)
# should error here with a ``RemoteActorError`` containing
# an ``AssertionError`` and all the other actors have been cancelled
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
# also raises
trio.run(main)
except tractor.RemoteActorError:
print("Look Maa that actor failed hard, hehhh!")

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@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def simple_rpc(
ctx: tractor.Context,
data: int,
) -> None:
'''Test a small ping-pong 2-way streaming server.
'''
# signal to parent that we're up much like
# ``trio.TaskStatus.started()``
await ctx.started(data + 1)
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
count = 0
async for msg in stream:
assert msg == 'ping'
await stream.send('pong')
count += 1
else:
assert count == 10
async def main() -> None:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'rpc_server',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
# XXX: syntax requires py3.9
async with (
portal.open_context(
simple_rpc, # taken from pytest parameterization
data=10,
) as (ctx, sent),
ctx.open_stream() as stream,
):
assert sent == 11
count = 0
# receive msgs using async for style
await stream.send('ping')
async for msg in stream:
assert msg == 'pong'
await stream.send('ping')
count += 1
if count >= 9:
break
# explicitly teardown the daemon-actor
await portal.cancel_actor()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
import trio
import tractor
tractor.log.get_console_log("INFO")
async def main(service_name):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as an:
await an.start_actor(service_name)
async with tractor.get_registry('127.0.0.1', 1616) as portal:
print(f"Arbiter is listening on {portal.channel}")
async with tractor.wait_for_actor(service_name) as sockaddr:
print(f"my_service is found at {sockaddr}")
await an.cancel()
if __name__ == '__main__':
trio.run(main, 'some_actor_name')

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@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
[mypy]
plugins = trio_typing.plugin

1
nooz/.gitignore vendored
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@ -1 +0,0 @@
!.gitignore

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@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
Strictly support Python 3.10+, start runtime machinery reorg
Since we want to push forward using the new `match:` syntax for our
internal RPC-msg loops, we officially drop 3.9 support for the next
release which should coincide well with the first release of 3.11.
This patch set also officially removes the ``tractor.run()`` API (which
has been deprecated for some time) as well as starts an initial re-org
of the internal runtime core by:
- renaming ``tractor._actor`` -> ``._runtime``
- moving the ``._runtime.ActorActor._process_messages()`` and
``._async_main()`` to be module level singleton-task-functions since
they are only started once for each connection and actor spawn
respectively; this internal API thus looks more similar to (at the
time of writing) the ``trio``-internals in ``trio._core._run``.
- officially remove ``tractor.run()``, now deprecated for some time.

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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
Only set `._debug.Lock.local_pdb_complete` if has been created.
This can be triggered by a very rare race condition (and thus we have no
working test yet) but it is known to exist in (a) consumer project(s).

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@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
Add support for ``trio >= 0.22`` and support for the new Python 3.11
``[Base]ExceptionGroup`` from `pep 654`_ via the backported
`exceptiongroup`_ package and some final fixes to the debug mode
subsystem.
This port ended up driving some (hopefully) final fixes to our debugger
subsystem including the solution to all lingering stdstreams locking
race-conditions and deadlock scenarios. This includes extending the
debugger tests suite as well as cancellation and ``asyncio`` mode cases.
Some of the notable details:
- always reverting to the ``trio`` SIGINT handler when leaving debug
mode.
- bypassing child attempts to acquire the debug lock when detected
to be amdist actor-runtime-cancellation.
- allowing the root actor to cancel local but IPC-stale subactor
requests-tasks for the debug lock when in a "no IPC peers" state.
Further we refined our ``ActorNursery`` semantics to be more similar to
``trio`` in the sense that parent task errors are always packed into the
actor-nursery emitted exception group and adjusted all tests and
examples accordingly.
.. _pep 654: https://peps.python.org/pep-0654/#handling-exception-groups
.. _exceptiongroup: https://github.com/python-trio/exceptiongroup

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@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
Establish an explicit "backend spawning" method table; use it from CI
More clearly lays out the current set of (3) backends: ``['trio',
'mp_spawn', 'mp_forkserver']`` and adjusts the ``._spawn.py`` internals
as well as the test suite to accommodate.

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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
Add ``key: Callable[..., Hashable]`` support to ``.trionics.maybe_open_context()``
Gives users finer grained control over cache hit behaviour using
a callable which receives the input ``kwargs: dict``.

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@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
Add support for debug-lock blocking using a ``._debug.Lock._blocked:
set[tuple]`` and add ids when no-more IPC connections with the
root actor are detected.
This is an enhancement which (mostly) solves a lingering debugger
locking race case we needed to handle:
- child crashes acquires TTY lock in root and attaches to ``pdb``
- child IPC goes down such that all channels to the root are broken
/ non-functional.
- root is stuck thinking the child is still in debug even though it
can't be contacted and the child actor machinery hasn't been
cancelled by its parent.
- root get's stuck in deadlock with child since it won't send a cancel
request until the child is finished debugging (to avoid clobbering
a child that is actually using the debugger), but the child can't
unlock the debugger bc IPC is down and it can't contact the root.
To avoid this scenario add debug lock blocking list via
`._debug.Lock._blocked: set[tuple]` which holds actor uids for any actor
that is detected by the root as having no transport channel connections
(of which at least one should exist if this sub-actor at some point
acquired the debug lock). The root consequently checks this list for any
actor that tries to (re)acquire the lock and blocks with
a ``ContextCancelled``. Further, when a debug condition is tested in
``._runtime._invoke``, the context's ``._enter_debugger_on_cancel`` is
set to `False` if the actor was put on the block list then all
post-mortem / crash handling will be bypassed for that task.
In theory this approach to block list management may cause problems
where some nested child actor acquires and releases the lock multiple
times and it gets stuck on the block list after the first use? If this
turns out to be an issue we can try changing the strat so blocks are
only added when the root has zero IPC peers left?
Further, this adds a root-locking-task side cancel scope,
``Lock._root_local_task_cs_in_debug``, which can be ``.cancel()``-ed by the root
runtime when a stale lock is detected during the IPC channel testing.
However, right now we're NOT using this since it seems to cause test
failures likely due to causing pre-mature cancellation and maybe needs
a bit more experimenting?

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@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
Rework our ``.trionics.BroadcastReceiver`` internals to avoid method
recursion and approach a design and interface closer to ``trio``'s
``MemoryReceiveChannel``.
The details of the internal changes include:
- implementing a ``BroadcastReceiver.receive_nowait()`` and using it
within the async ``.receive()`` thus avoiding recursion from
``.receive()``.
- failing over to an internal ``._receive_from_underlying()`` when the
``_nowait()`` call raises ``trio.WouldBlock``
- adding ``BroadcastState.statistics()`` for debugging and testing both
internals and by users.
- add an internal ``BroadcastReceiver._raise_on_lag: bool`` which can be
set to avoid ``Lagged`` raising for possible use cases where a user
wants to choose between a [cheap or nasty
pattern](https://zguide.zeromq.org/docs/chapter7/#The-Cheap-or-Nasty-Pattern)
the the particular stream (we use this in ``piker``'s dark clearing
engine to avoid fast feeds breaking during HFT periods).

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@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
Always ``list``-cast the ``mngrs`` input to
``.trionics.gather_contexts()`` and ensure its size otherwise raise
a ``ValueError``.
Turns out that trying to pass an inline-style generator comprehension
doesn't seem to work inside the ``async with`` expression? Further, in
such a case we can get a hang waiting on the all-entered event
completion when the internal mngrs iteration is a noop. Instead we
always greedily check a size and error on empty input; the lazy
iteration of a generator input is not beneficial anyway since we're
entering all manager instances in concurrent tasks.

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
Fixes to ensure IPC (channel) breakage doesn't result in hung actor
trees; the zombie reaping and general supervision machinery will always
clean up and terminate.
This includes not only the (mostly minor) fixes to solve these cases but
also a new extensive test suite in `test_advanced_faults.py` with an
accompanying highly configurable example module-script in
`examples/advanced_faults/ipc_failure_during_stream.py`. Tests ensure we
never get hang or zombies despite operating in debug mode and attempt to
simulate all possible IPC transport failure cases for a local-host actor
tree.
Further we simplify `Context.open_stream.__aexit__()` to just call
`MsgStream.aclose()` directly more or less avoiding a pure duplicate
code path.

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@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
Always redraw the `pdbpp` prompt on `SIGINT` during REPL use.
There was recent changes todo with Python 3.10 that required us to pin
to a specific commit in `pdbpp` which have recently been fixed minus
this last issue with `SIGINT` shielding: not clobbering or not
showing the `(Pdb++)` prompt on ctlr-c by the user. This repairs all
that by firstly removing the standard KBI intercepting of the std lib's
`pdb.Pdb._cmdloop()` as well as ensuring that only the actor with REPL
control ever reports `SIGINT` handler log msgs and prompt redraws. With
this we move back to using pypi `pdbpp` release.

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@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
Drop `trio.Process.aclose()` usage, copy into our spawning code.
The details are laid out in https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/330.
`trio` changed is process running quite some time ago, this just copies
out the small bit we needed (from the old `.aclose()`) for hard kills
where a soft runtime cancel request fails and our "zombie killer"
implementation kicks in.

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
Switch to using the fork & fix of `pdb++`, `pdbp`:
https://github.com/mdmintz/pdbp
Allows us to sidestep a variety of issues that aren't being maintained
in the upstream project thanks to the hard work of @mdmintz!
We also include some default settings adjustments as per recent
development on the fork:
- sticky mode is still turned on by default but now activates when
a using the `ll` repl command.
- turn off line truncation by default to avoid inter-line gaps when
resizing the terimnal during use.
- when using the backtrace cmd either by `w` or `bt`, the config
automatically switches to non-sticky mode.

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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
See both the `towncrier docs`_ and the `pluggy release readme`_ for hot
tips. We basically have the most minimal setup and release process right
now and use the default `fragment set`_.
.. _towncrier docs: https://github.com/twisted/towncrier#quick-start
.. _pluggy release readme: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pluggy/blob/main/changelog/README.rst
.. _fragment set: https://github.com/twisted/towncrier#news-fragments

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@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
{% for section in sections %}
{% set underline = "-" %}
{% if section %}
{{section}}
{{ underline * section|length }}{% set underline = "~" %}
{% endif %}
{% if sections[section] %}
{% for category, val in definitions.items() if category in sections[section] %}
{{ definitions[category]['name'] }}
{{ underline * definitions[category]['name']|length }}
{% if definitions[category]['showcontent'] %}
{% for text, values in sections[section][category]|dictsort(by='value') %}
{% set issue_joiner = joiner(', ') %}
- {% for value in values|sort %}{{ issue_joiner() }}`{{ value }} <https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/{{ value[1:] }}>`_{% endfor %}: {{ text }}
{% endfor %}
{% else %}
- {{ sections[section][category]['']|sort|join(', ') }}
{% endif %}
{% if sections[section][category]|length == 0 %}
No significant changes.
{% else %}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% else %}
No significant changes.
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}

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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
First generate a built disti:
```
python -m pip install --upgrade build
python -m build --sdist --outdir dist/alpha5/
```
Then try a test ``pypi`` upload:
```
python -m twine upload --repository testpypi dist/alpha5/*
```
The push to `pypi` for realz.
```
python -m twine upload --repository testpypi dist/alpha5/*
```

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@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
[build-system]
requires = ["hatchling"]
build-backend = "hatchling.build"
# ------ build-system ------
[project]
name = "tractor"
version = "0.1.0a6dev0"
description = 'structured concurrent `trio`-"actors"'
authors = [{ name = "Tyler Goodlet", email = "goodboy_foss@protonmail.com" }]
requires-python = ">= 3.11"
readme = "docs/README.rst"
license = "AGPL-3.0-or-later"
keywords = [
"trio",
"async",
"concurrency",
"structured concurrency",
"actor model",
"distributed",
"multiprocessing",
]
classifiers = [
"Development Status :: 3 - Alpha",
"Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux",
"Framework :: Trio",
"License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Affero General Public License v3 or later (AGPLv3+)",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
"Topic :: System :: Distributed Computing",
]
dependencies = [
# trio runtime and friends
# (poetry) proper range specs,
# https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/discussions/install-requires-vs-requirements/#id5
# TODO, for 3.13 we must go go `0.27` which means we have to
# disable strict egs or port to handling them internally!
"trio>0.27",
"tricycle>=0.4.1,<0.5",
"wrapt>=1.16.0,<2",
"colorlog>=6.8.2,<7",
# built-in multi-actor `pdb` REPL
"pdbp>=1.6,<2", # windows only (from `pdbp`)
# typed IPC msging
"msgspec>=0.19.0",
]
# ------ project ------
[dependency-groups]
dev = [
# test suite
# TODO: maybe some of these layout choices?
# https://docs.pytest.org/en/8.0.x/explanation/goodpractices.html#choosing-a-test-layout-import-rules
"pytest>=8.3.5",
"pexpect>=4.9.0,<5",
# `tractor.devx` tooling
"greenback>=1.2.1,<2",
"stackscope>=0.2.2,<0.3",
"pyperclip>=1.9.0",
"prompt-toolkit>=3.0.50",
"xonsh>=0.19.2",
]
# TODO, add these with sane versions; were originally in
# `requirements-docs.txt`..
# docs = [
# "sphinx>="
# "sphinx_book_theme>="
# ]
# ------ dependency-groups ------
# ------ dependency-groups ------
[tool.uv.sources]
# XXX NOTE, only for @goodboy's hacking on `pprint(sort_dicts=False)`
# for the `pp` alias..
# pdbp = { path = "../pdbp", editable = true }
# ------ tool.uv.sources ------
# TODO, distributed (multi-host) extensions
# linux kernel networking
# 'pyroute2
# ------ tool.uv.sources ------
[tool.uv]
# XXX NOTE, prefer the sys python bc apparently the distis from
# `astral` are built in a way that breaks `pdbp`+`tabcompleter`'s
# likely due to linking against `libedit` over `readline`..
# |_https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/python-versions/#managed-python-distributions
# |_https://gregoryszorc.com/docs/python-build-standalone/main/quirks.html#use-of-libedit-on-linux
#
# https://docs.astral.sh/uv/reference/settings/#python-preference
python-preference = 'system'
# ------ tool.uv ------
[tool.hatch.build.targets.sdist]
include = ["tractor"]
[tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
include = ["tractor"]
# ------ tool.hatch ------
[tool.towncrier]
package = "tractor"
filename = "NEWS.rst"
directory = "nooz/"
version = "0.1.0a6"
title_format = "tractor {version} ({project_date})"
template = "nooz/_template.rst"
all_bullets = true
[[tool.towncrier.type]]
directory = "feature"
name = "Features"
showcontent = true
[[tool.towncrier.type]]
directory = "bugfix"
name = "Bug Fixes"
showcontent = true
[[tool.towncrier.type]]
directory = "doc"
name = "Improved Documentation"
showcontent = true
[[tool.towncrier.type]]
directory = "trivial"
name = "Trivial/Internal Changes"
showcontent = true
# ------ tool.towncrier ------
[tool.pytest.ini_options]
minversion = '6.0'
testpaths = [
'tests'
]
addopts = [
# TODO: figure out why this isn't working..
'--rootdir=./tests',
'--import-mode=importlib',
# don't show frickin captured logs AGAIN in the report..
'--show-capture=no',
]
log_cli = false
# TODO: maybe some of these layout choices?
# https://docs.pytest.org/en/8.0.x/explanation/goodpractices.html#choosing-a-test-layout-import-rules
# pythonpath = "src"
# ------ tool.pytest ------

View File

@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
# vim: ft=ini
# pytest.ini for tractor
[pytest]
# don't show frickin captured logs AGAIN in the report..
addopts = --show-capture='no'
log_cli = false
; minversion = 6.0

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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
pytest
pytest-trio
pdbpp

View File

@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
# from default `ruff.toml` @
# https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/configuration/
# Exclude a variety of commonly ignored directories.
exclude = [
".bzr",
".direnv",
".eggs",
".git",
".git-rewrite",
".hg",
".ipynb_checkpoints",
".mypy_cache",
".nox",
".pants.d",
".pyenv",
".pytest_cache",
".pytype",
".ruff_cache",
".svn",
".tox",
".venv",
".vscode",
"__pypackages__",
"_build",
"buck-out",
"build",
"dist",
"node_modules",
"site-packages",
"venv",
]
# Same as Black.
line-length = 88
indent-width = 4
# Assume Python 3.9
target-version = "py311"
[lint]
# Enable Pyflakes (`F`) and a subset of the pycodestyle (`E`) codes by default.
# Unlike Flake8, Ruff doesn't enable pycodestyle warnings (`W`) or
# McCabe complexity (`C901`) by default.
select = ["E4", "E7", "E9", "F"]
ignore = [
'E402', # https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/module-import-not-at-top-of-file/
]
# Allow fix for all enabled rules (when `--fix`) is provided.
fixable = ["ALL"]
unfixable = []
# Allow unused variables when underscore-prefixed.
# dummy-variable-rgx = "^(_+|(_+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?))$"
[format]
# Use single quotes in `ruff format`.
quote-style = "single"
# Like Black, indent with spaces, rather than tabs.
indent-style = "space"
# Like Black, respect magic trailing commas.
skip-magic-trailing-comma = false
# Like Black, automatically detect the appropriate line ending.
line-ending = "auto"
# Enable auto-formatting of code examples in docstrings. Markdown,
# reStructuredText code/literal blocks and doctests are all supported.
#
# This is currently disabled by default, but it is planned for this
# to be opt-out in the future.
docstring-code-format = false
# Set the line length limit used when formatting code snippets in
# docstrings.
#
# This only has an effect when the `docstring-code-format` setting is
# enabled.
docstring-code-line-length = "dynamic"

59
setup.py 100755
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@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# tractor: a trionic actor model built on `multiprocessing` and `trio`
#
# Copyright (C) 2018 Tyler Goodlet
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
from setuptools import setup
with open('README.rst', encoding='utf-8') as f:
readme = f.read()
setup(
name="tractor",
version='0.1.0.alpha0',
description='A trionic actor model built on `multiprocessing` and `trio`',
long_description=readme,
license='GPLv3',
author='Tyler Goodlet',
maintainer='Tyler Goodlet',
maintainer_email='tgoodlet@gmail.com',
url='https://github.com/tgoodlet/tractor',
platforms=['linux'],
packages=[
'tractor',
],
install_requires=['attrs', 'msgpack', 'trio', 'async_generator', 'colorlog'],
tests_require=['pytest'],
python_requires=">=3.6",
keywords=[
"async", "concurrency", "actor model", "distributed",
'trio', 'multiprocessing'
],
classifiers=[
'Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
'License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)'
'Operating System :: POSIX :: Linux',
"Framework :: Trio",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",
"Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
"Intended Audience :: Developers",
"Topic :: System :: Distributed Computing",
],
)

View File

View File

@ -1,227 +1,46 @@
"""
``tractor`` testing!!
"""
import sys
import subprocess
import os
import random
import signal
import platform
import time
from functools import partial, wraps
import pytest
import tractor
from tractor._testing import (
examples_dir as examples_dir,
tractor_test as tractor_test,
expect_ctxc as expect_ctxc,
)
# TODO: include wtv plugin(s) we build in `._testing.pytest`?
pytest_plugins = ['pytester']
# Sending signal.SIGINT on subprocess fails on windows. Use CTRL_* alternatives
if platform.system() == 'Windows':
_KILL_SIGNAL = signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT
_INT_SIGNAL = signal.CTRL_C_EVENT
_INT_RETURN_CODE = 3221225786
_PROC_SPAWN_WAIT = 2
else:
_KILL_SIGNAL = signal.SIGKILL
_INT_SIGNAL = signal.SIGINT
_INT_RETURN_CODE = 1 if sys.version_info < (3, 8) else -signal.SIGINT.value
_PROC_SPAWN_WAIT = 0.6 if sys.version_info < (3, 7) else 0.4
no_windows = pytest.mark.skipif(
platform.system() == "Windows",
reason="Test is unsupported on windows",
)
_arb_addr = '127.0.0.1', random.randint(1000, 9999)
def pytest_addoption(parser):
parser.addoption(
"--ll",
action="store",
dest='loglevel',
default='ERROR', help="logging level to set when testing"
)
parser.addoption(
"--spawn-backend",
action="store",
dest='spawn_backend',
default='trio',
help="Processing spawning backend to use for test run",
)
parser.addoption(
"--tpdb", "--debug-mode",
action="store_true",
dest='tractor_debug_mode',
# default=False,
help=(
'Enable a flag that can be used by tests to to set the '
'`debug_mode: bool` for engaging the internal '
'multi-proc debugger sys.'
),
)
def pytest_configure(config):
backend = config.option.spawn_backend
tractor._spawn.try_set_start_method(backend)
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
def debug_mode(request):
debug_mode: bool = request.config.option.tractor_debug_mode
# if debug_mode:
# breakpoint()
return debug_mode
parser.addoption("--ll", action="store", dest='loglevel',
default=None, help="logging level to set when testing")
@pytest.fixture(scope='session', autouse=True)
def loglevel(request):
orig = tractor.log._default_loglevel
level = tractor.log._default_loglevel = request.config.option.loglevel
tractor.log.get_console_log(level)
yield level
tractor.log._default_loglevel = orig
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
def spawn_backend(request) -> str:
return request.config.option.spawn_backend
def arb_addr():
return _arb_addr
# @pytest.fixture(scope='function', autouse=True)
# def debug_enabled(request) -> str:
# from tractor import _state
# if _state._runtime_vars['_debug_mode']:
# breakpoint()
def tractor_test(fn):
"""
Use:
_ci_env: bool = os.environ.get('CI', False)
@tractor_test
async def test_whatever():
await ...
"""
@wraps(fn)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
# __tracebackhide__ = True
return tractor.run(
partial(fn, *args, **kwargs), arbiter_addr=_arb_addr)
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
def ci_env() -> bool:
'''
Detect CI envoirment.
'''
return _ci_env
# TODO: also move this to `._testing` for now?
# -[ ] possibly generalize and re-use for multi-tree spawning
# along with the new stuff for multi-addrs in distribute_dis
# branch?
#
# choose randomly at import time
_reg_addr: tuple[str, int] = (
'127.0.0.1',
random.randint(1000, 9999),
)
@pytest.fixture(scope='session')
def reg_addr() -> tuple[str, int]:
# globally override the runtime to the per-test-session-dynamic
# addr so that all tests never conflict with any other actor
# tree using the default.
from tractor import _root
_root._default_lo_addrs = [_reg_addr]
return _reg_addr
def pytest_generate_tests(metafunc):
spawn_backend = metafunc.config.option.spawn_backend
if not spawn_backend:
# XXX some weird windows bug with `pytest`?
spawn_backend = 'trio'
# TODO: maybe just use the literal `._spawn.SpawnMethodKey`?
assert spawn_backend in (
'mp_spawn',
'mp_forkserver',
'trio',
)
# NOTE: used to be used to dyanmically parametrize tests for when
# you just passed --spawn-backend=`mp` on the cli, but now we expect
# that cli input to be manually specified, BUT, maybe we'll do
# something like this again in the future?
if 'start_method' in metafunc.fixturenames:
metafunc.parametrize("start_method", [spawn_backend], scope='module')
# TODO: a way to let test scripts (like from `examples/`)
# guarantee they won't registry addr collide!
# @pytest.fixture
# def open_test_runtime(
# reg_addr: tuple,
# ) -> AsyncContextManager:
# return partial(
# tractor.open_nursery,
# registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
# )
def sig_prog(proc, sig):
"Kill the actor-process with ``sig``."
proc.send_signal(sig)
time.sleep(0.1)
if not proc.poll():
# TODO: why sometimes does SIGINT not work on teardown?
# seems to happen only when trace logging enabled?
proc.send_signal(_KILL_SIGNAL)
ret = proc.wait()
assert ret
# TODO: factor into @cm and move to `._testing`?
@pytest.fixture
def daemon(
loglevel: str,
testdir,
reg_addr: tuple[str, int],
):
'''
Run a daemon root actor as a separate actor-process tree and
"remote registrar" for discovery-protocol related tests.
'''
if loglevel in ('trace', 'debug'):
# XXX: too much logging will lock up the subproc (smh)
loglevel: str = 'info'
code: str = (
"import tractor; "
"tractor.run_daemon([], registry_addrs={reg_addrs}, loglevel={ll})"
).format(
reg_addrs=str([reg_addr]),
ll="'{}'".format(loglevel) if loglevel else None,
)
cmd: list[str] = [
sys.executable,
'-c', code,
]
kwargs = {}
if platform.system() == 'Windows':
# without this, tests hang on windows forever
kwargs['creationflags'] = subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
proc = testdir.popen(
cmd,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
**kwargs,
)
assert not proc.returncode
time.sleep(_PROC_SPAWN_WAIT)
yield proc
sig_prog(proc, _INT_SIGNAL)
return wrapper

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@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
'''
`tractor.devx.*` tooling sub-pkg test space.
'''
import time
from typing import (
Callable,
)
import pytest
from pexpect.exceptions import (
TIMEOUT,
)
from pexpect.spawnbase import SpawnBase
from tractor._testing import (
mk_cmd,
)
from tractor.devx._debug import (
_pause_msg as _pause_msg,
_crash_msg as _crash_msg,
_repl_fail_msg as _repl_fail_msg,
_ctlc_ignore_header as _ctlc_ignore_header,
)
from ..conftest import (
_ci_env,
)
@pytest.fixture
def spawn(
start_method,
testdir: pytest.Pytester,
reg_addr: tuple[str, int],
) -> Callable[[str], None]:
'''
Use the `pexpect` module shipped via `testdir.spawn()` to
run an `./examples/..` script by name.
'''
if start_method != 'trio':
pytest.skip(
'`pexpect` based tests only supported on `trio` backend'
)
def unset_colors():
'''
Python 3.13 introduced colored tracebacks that break patt
matching,
https://docs.python.org/3/using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_COLORS
https://docs.python.org/3/using/cmdline.html#using-on-controlling-color
'''
import os
os.environ['PYTHON_COLORS'] = '0'
def _spawn(
cmd: str,
**mkcmd_kwargs,
):
unset_colors()
return testdir.spawn(
cmd=mk_cmd(
cmd,
**mkcmd_kwargs,
),
expect_timeout=3,
# preexec_fn=unset_colors,
# ^TODO? get `pytest` core to expose underlying
# `pexpect.spawn()` stuff?
)
# such that test-dep can pass input script name.
return _spawn
@pytest.fixture(
params=[False, True],
ids='ctl-c={}'.format,
)
def ctlc(
request,
ci_env: bool,
) -> bool:
use_ctlc = request.param
node = request.node
markers = node.own_markers
for mark in markers:
if mark.name == 'has_nested_actors':
pytest.skip(
f'Test {node} has nested actors and fails with Ctrl-C.\n'
f'The test can sometimes run fine locally but until'
' we solve' 'this issue this CI test will be xfail:\n'
'https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/320'
)
if mark.name == 'ctlcs_bish':
pytest.skip(
f'Test {node} prolly uses something from the stdlib (namely `asyncio`..)\n'
f'The test and/or underlying example script can *sometimes* run fine '
f'locally but more then likely until the cpython peeps get their sh#$ together, '
f'this test will definitely not behave like `trio` under SIGINT..\n'
)
if use_ctlc:
# XXX: disable pygments highlighting for auto-tests
# since some envs (like actions CI) will struggle
# the the added color-char encoding..
from tractor.devx._debug import TractorConfig
TractorConfig.use_pygements = False
yield use_ctlc
def expect(
child,
# normally a `pdb` prompt by default
patt: str,
**kwargs,
) -> None:
'''
Expect wrapper that prints last seen console
data before failing.
'''
try:
child.expect(
patt,
**kwargs,
)
except TIMEOUT:
before = str(child.before.decode())
print(before)
raise
PROMPT = r"\(Pdb\+\)"
def in_prompt_msg(
child: SpawnBase,
parts: list[str],
pause_on_false: bool = False,
err_on_false: bool = False,
print_prompt_on_false: bool = True,
) -> bool:
'''
Predicate check if (the prompt's) std-streams output has all
`str`-parts in it.
Can be used in test asserts for bulk matching expected
log/REPL output for a given `pdb` interact point.
'''
__tracebackhide__: bool = False
before: str = str(child.before.decode())
for part in parts:
if part not in before:
if pause_on_false:
import pdbp
pdbp.set_trace()
if print_prompt_on_false:
print(before)
if err_on_false:
raise ValueError(
f'Could not find pattern in `before` output?\n'
f'part: {part!r}\n'
)
return False
return True
# TODO: todo support terminal color-chars stripping so we can match
# against call stack frame output from the the 'll' command the like!
# -[ ] SO answer for stipping ANSI codes: https://stackoverflow.com/a/14693789
def assert_before(
child: SpawnBase,
patts: list[str],
**kwargs,
) -> None:
__tracebackhide__: bool = False
assert in_prompt_msg(
child=child,
parts=patts,
# since this is an "assert" helper ;)
err_on_false=True,
**kwargs
)
def do_ctlc(
child,
count: int = 3,
delay: float = 0.1,
patt: str|None = None,
# expect repl UX to reprint the prompt after every
# ctrl-c send.
# XXX: no idea but, in CI this never seems to work even on 3.10 so
# needs some further investigation potentially...
expect_prompt: bool = not _ci_env,
) -> str|None:
before: str|None = None
# make sure ctl-c sends don't do anything but repeat output
for _ in range(count):
time.sleep(delay)
child.sendcontrol('c')
# TODO: figure out why this makes CI fail..
# if you run this test manually it works just fine..
if expect_prompt:
time.sleep(delay)
child.expect(PROMPT)
before = str(child.before.decode())
time.sleep(delay)
if patt:
# should see the last line on console
assert patt in before
# return the console content up to the final prompt
return before

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@ -1,381 +0,0 @@
'''
That "foreign loop/thread" debug REPL support better ALSO WORK!
Same as `test_native_pause.py`.
All these tests can be understood (somewhat) by running the
equivalent `examples/debugging/` scripts manually.
'''
from contextlib import (
contextmanager as cm,
)
# from functools import partial
# import itertools
import time
# from typing import (
# Iterator,
# )
import pytest
from pexpect.exceptions import (
TIMEOUT,
EOF,
)
from .conftest import (
# _ci_env,
do_ctlc,
PROMPT,
# expect,
in_prompt_msg,
assert_before,
_pause_msg,
_crash_msg,
_ctlc_ignore_header,
# _repl_fail_msg,
)
@cm
def maybe_expect_timeout(
ctlc: bool = False,
) -> None:
try:
yield
except TIMEOUT:
# breakpoint()
if ctlc:
pytest.xfail(
'Some kinda redic threading SIGINT bug i think?\n'
'See the notes in `examples/debugging/sync_bp.py`..\n'
)
raise
@pytest.mark.ctlcs_bish
def test_pause_from_sync(
spawn,
ctlc: bool,
):
'''
Verify we can use the `pdbp` REPL from sync functions AND from
any thread spawned with `trio.to_thread.run_sync()`.
`examples/debugging/sync_bp.py`
'''
child = spawn('sync_bp')
# first `sync_pause()` after nurseries open
child.expect(PROMPT)
assert_before(
child,
[
# pre-prompt line
_pause_msg,
"<Task '__main__.main'",
"('root'",
]
)
if ctlc:
do_ctlc(child)
# ^NOTE^ subactor not spawned yet; don't need extra delay.
child.sendline('c')
# first `await tractor.pause()` inside `p.open_context()` body
child.expect(PROMPT)
# XXX shouldn't see gb loaded message with PDB loglevel!
# assert not in_prompt_msg(
# child,
# ['`greenback` portal opened!'],
# )
# should be same root task
assert_before(
child,
[
_pause_msg,
"<Task '__main__.main'",
"('root'",
]
)
if ctlc:
do_ctlc(
child,
# NOTE: setting this to 0 (or some other sufficient
# small val) can cause the test to fail since the
# `subactor` suffers a race where the root/parent
# sends an actor-cancel prior to it hitting its pause
# point; by def the value is 0.1
delay=0.4,
)
# XXX, fwiw without a brief sleep here the SIGINT might actually
# trigger "subactor" cancellation by its parent before the
# shield-handler is engaged.
#
# => similar to the `delay` input to `do_ctlc()` below, setting
# this too low can cause the test to fail since the `subactor`
# suffers a race where the root/parent sends an actor-cancel
# prior to the context task hitting its pause point (and thus
# engaging the `sigint_shield()` handler in time); this value
# seems be good enuf?
time.sleep(0.6)
# one of the bg thread or subactor should have
# `Lock.acquire()`-ed
# (NOT both, which will result in REPL clobbering!)
attach_patts: dict[str, list[str]] = {
'subactor': [
"'start_n_sync_pause'",
"('subactor'",
],
'inline_root_bg_thread': [
"<Thread(inline_root_bg_thread",
"('root'",
],
'start_soon_root_bg_thread': [
"<Thread(start_soon_root_bg_thread",
"('root'",
],
}
conts: int = 0 # for debugging below matching logic on failure
while attach_patts:
child.sendline('c')
conts += 1
child.expect(PROMPT)
before = str(child.before.decode())
for key in attach_patts:
if key in before:
attach_key: str = key
expected_patts: str = attach_patts.pop(key)
assert_before(
child,
[_pause_msg]
+
expected_patts
)
break
else:
pytest.fail(
f'No keys found?\n\n'
f'{attach_patts.keys()}\n\n'
f'{before}\n'
)
# ensure no other task/threads engaged a REPL
# at the same time as the one that was detected above.
for key, other_patts in attach_patts.copy().items():
assert not in_prompt_msg(
child,
other_patts,
)
if ctlc:
do_ctlc(
child,
patt=attach_key,
# NOTE same as comment above
delay=0.4,
)
child.sendline('c')
# XXX TODO, weird threading bug it seems despite the
# `abandon_on_cancel: bool` setting to
# `trio.to_thread.run_sync()`..
with maybe_expect_timeout(
ctlc=ctlc,
):
child.expect(EOF)
def expect_any_of(
attach_patts: dict[str, list[str]],
child, # what type?
ctlc: bool = False,
prompt: str = _ctlc_ignore_header,
ctlc_delay: float = .4,
) -> list[str]:
'''
Receive any of a `list[str]` of patterns provided in
`attach_patts`.
Used to test racing prompts from multiple actors and/or
tasks using a common root process' `pdbp` REPL.
'''
assert attach_patts
child.expect(PROMPT)
before = str(child.before.decode())
for attach_key in attach_patts:
if attach_key in before:
expected_patts: str = attach_patts.pop(attach_key)
assert_before(
child,
expected_patts
)
break # from for
else:
pytest.fail(
f'No keys found?\n\n'
f'{attach_patts.keys()}\n\n'
f'{before}\n'
)
# ensure no other task/threads engaged a REPL
# at the same time as the one that was detected above.
for key, other_patts in attach_patts.copy().items():
assert not in_prompt_msg(
child,
other_patts,
)
if ctlc:
do_ctlc(
child,
patt=prompt,
# NOTE same as comment above
delay=ctlc_delay,
)
return expected_patts
@pytest.mark.ctlcs_bish
def test_sync_pause_from_aio_task(
spawn,
ctlc: bool
# ^TODO, fix for `asyncio`!!
):
'''
Verify we can use the `pdbp` REPL from an `asyncio.Task` spawned using
APIs in `.to_asyncio`.
`examples/debugging/asycio_bp.py`
'''
child = spawn('asyncio_bp')
# RACE on whether trio/asyncio task bps first
attach_patts: dict[str, list[str]] = {
# first pause in guest-mode (aka "infecting")
# `trio.Task`.
'trio-side': [
_pause_msg,
"<Task 'trio_ctx'",
"('aio_daemon'",
],
# `breakpoint()` from `asyncio.Task`.
'asyncio-side': [
_pause_msg,
"<Task pending name='Task-2' coro=<greenback_shim()",
"('aio_daemon'",
],
}
while attach_patts:
expect_any_of(
attach_patts=attach_patts,
child=child,
ctlc=ctlc,
)
child.sendline('c')
# NOW in race order,
# - the asyncio-task will error
# - the root-actor parent task will pause
#
attach_patts: dict[str, list[str]] = {
# error raised in `asyncio.Task`
"raise ValueError('asyncio side error!')": [
_crash_msg,
"<Task 'trio_ctx'",
"@ ('aio_daemon'",
"ValueError: asyncio side error!",
# XXX, we no longer show this frame by default!
# 'return await chan.receive()', # `.to_asyncio` impl internals in tb
],
# parent-side propagation via actor-nursery/portal
# "tractor._exceptions.RemoteActorError: remote task raised a 'ValueError'": [
"remote task raised a 'ValueError'": [
_crash_msg,
"src_uid=('aio_daemon'",
"('aio_daemon'",
],
# a final pause in root-actor
"<Task '__main__.main'": [
_pause_msg,
"<Task '__main__.main'",
"('root'",
],
}
while attach_patts:
expect_any_of(
attach_patts=attach_patts,
child=child,
ctlc=ctlc,
)
child.sendline('c')
assert not attach_patts
# final boxed error propagates to root
assert_before(
child,
[
_crash_msg,
"<Task '__main__.main'",
"('root'",
"remote task raised a 'ValueError'",
"ValueError: asyncio side error!",
]
)
if ctlc:
do_ctlc(
child,
# NOTE: setting this to 0 (or some other sufficient
# small val) can cause the test to fail since the
# `subactor` suffers a race where the root/parent
# sends an actor-cancel prior to it hitting its pause
# point; by def the value is 0.1
delay=0.4,
)
child.sendline('c')
# with maybe_expect_timeout():
child.expect(EOF)
def test_sync_pause_from_non_greenbacked_aio_task():
'''
Where the `breakpoint()` caller task is NOT spawned by
`tractor.to_asyncio` and thus never activates
a `greenback.ensure_portal()` beforehand, presumably bc the task
was started by some lib/dep as in often seen in the field.
Ensure sync pausing works when the pause is in,
- the root actor running in infected-mode?
|_ since we don't need any IPC to acquire the debug lock?
|_ is there some way to handle this like the non-main-thread case?
All other cases need to error out appropriately right?
- for any subactor we can't avoid needing the repl lock..
|_ is there a way to hook into `asyncio.ensure_future(obj)`?
'''
pass

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@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
'''
That "native" runtime-hackin toolset better be dang useful!
Verify the funtion of a variety of "developer-experience" tools we
offer from the `.devx` sub-pkg:
- use of the lovely `stackscope` for dumping actor `trio`-task trees
during operation and hangs.
TODO:
- demonstration of `CallerInfo` call stack frame filtering such that
for logging and REPL purposes a user sees exactly the layers needed
when debugging a problem inside the stack vs. in their app.
'''
import os
import signal
import time
from .conftest import (
expect,
assert_before,
in_prompt_msg,
PROMPT,
_pause_msg,
)
from pexpect.exceptions import (
# TIMEOUT,
EOF,
)
def test_shield_pause(
spawn,
):
'''
Verify the `tractor.pause()/.post_mortem()` API works inside an
already cancelled `trio.CancelScope` and that you can step to the
next checkpoint wherein the cancelled will get raised.
'''
child = spawn(
'shield_hang_in_sub'
)
expect(
child,
'Yo my child hanging..?',
)
assert_before(
child,
[
'Entering shield sleep..',
'Enabling trace-trees on `SIGUSR1` since `stackscope` is installed @',
]
)
script_pid: int = child.pid
print(
f'Sending SIGUSR1 to {script_pid}\n'
f'(kill -s SIGUSR1 {script_pid})\n'
)
os.kill(
script_pid,
signal.SIGUSR1,
)
time.sleep(0.2)
expect(
child,
# end-of-tree delimiter
"end-of-\('root'",
)
assert_before(
child,
[
# 'Srying to dump `stackscope` tree..',
# 'Dumping `stackscope` tree for actor',
"('root'", # uid line
# TODO!? this used to show?
# -[ ] mk reproducable for @oremanj?
#
# parent block point (non-shielded)
# 'await trio.sleep_forever() # in root',
]
)
expect(
child,
# end-of-tree delimiter
"end-of-\('hanger'",
)
assert_before(
child,
[
# relay to the sub should be reported
'Relaying `SIGUSR1`[10] to sub-actor',
"('hanger'", # uid line
# TODO!? SEE ABOVE
# hanger LOC where it's shield-halted
# 'await trio.sleep_forever() # in subactor',
]
)
# simulate the user sending a ctl-c to the hanging program.
# this should result in the terminator kicking in since
# the sub is shield blocking and can't respond to SIGINT.
os.kill(
child.pid,
signal.SIGINT,
)
expect(
child,
'Shutting down actor runtime',
timeout=6,
)
assert_before(
child,
[
'raise KeyboardInterrupt',
# 'Shutting down actor runtime',
'#T-800 deployed to collect zombie B0',
"'--uid', \"('hanger',",
]
)
def test_breakpoint_hook_restored(
spawn,
):
'''
Ensures our actor runtime sets a custom `breakpoint()` hook
on open then restores the stdlib's default on close.
The hook state validation is done via `assert`s inside the
invoked script with only `breakpoint()` (not `tractor.pause()`)
calls used.
'''
child = spawn('restore_builtin_breakpoint')
child.expect(PROMPT)
assert_before(
child,
[
_pause_msg,
"<Task '__main__.main'",
"('root'",
"first bp, tractor hook set",
]
)
child.sendline('c')
child.expect(PROMPT)
assert_before(
child,
[
"last bp, stdlib hook restored",
]
)
# since the stdlib hook was already restored there should be NO
# `tractor` `log.pdb()` content from console!
assert not in_prompt_msg(
child,
[
_pause_msg,
"<Task '__main__.main'",
"('root'",
],
)
child.sendline('c')
child.expect(EOF)

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@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
"""
Bidirectional streaming.
"""
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
@tractor.context
async def simple_rpc(
ctx: tractor.Context,
data: int,
) -> None:
'''
Test a small ping-pong server.
'''
# signal to parent that we're up
await ctx.started(data + 1)
print('opening stream in callee')
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
count = 0
while True:
try:
await stream.receive() == 'ping'
except trio.EndOfChannel:
assert count == 10
break
else:
print('pong')
await stream.send('pong')
count += 1
@tractor.context
async def simple_rpc_with_forloop(
ctx: tractor.Context,
data: int,
) -> None:
"""Same as previous test but using ``async for`` syntax/api.
"""
# signal to parent that we're up
await ctx.started(data + 1)
print('opening stream in callee')
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
count = 0
async for msg in stream:
assert msg == 'ping'
print('pong')
await stream.send('pong')
count += 1
else:
assert count == 10
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'use_async_for',
[True, False],
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'server_func',
[simple_rpc, simple_rpc_with_forloop],
)
def test_simple_rpc(server_func, use_async_for):
'''
The simplest request response pattern.
'''
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'rpc_server',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with portal.open_context(
server_func, # taken from pytest parameterization
data=10,
) as (ctx, sent):
assert sent == 11
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
if use_async_for:
count = 0
# receive msgs using async for style
print('ping')
await stream.send('ping')
async for msg in stream:
assert msg == 'pong'
print('ping')
await stream.send('ping')
count += 1
if count >= 9:
break
else:
# classic send/receive style
for _ in range(10):
print('ping')
await stream.send('ping')
assert await stream.receive() == 'pong'
# stream should terminate here
# final context result(s) should be consumed here in __aexit__()
await portal.cancel_actor()
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,290 +0,0 @@
'''
Sketchy network blackoutz, ugly byzantine gens, puedes eschuchar la
cancelacion?..
'''
from functools import partial
from types import ModuleType
import pytest
from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
import trio
import tractor
from tractor._testing import (
examples_dir,
break_ipc,
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'pre_aclose_msgstream',
[
False,
True,
],
ids=[
'no_msgstream_aclose',
'pre_aclose_msgstream',
],
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'ipc_break',
[
# no breaks
{
'break_parent_ipc_after': False,
'break_child_ipc_after': False,
},
# only parent breaks
{
'break_parent_ipc_after': 500,
'break_child_ipc_after': False,
},
# only child breaks
{
'break_parent_ipc_after': False,
'break_child_ipc_after': 500,
},
# both: break parent first
{
'break_parent_ipc_after': 500,
'break_child_ipc_after': 800,
},
# both: break child first
{
'break_parent_ipc_after': 800,
'break_child_ipc_after': 500,
},
],
ids=[
'no_break',
'break_parent',
'break_child',
'break_both_parent_first',
'break_both_child_first',
],
)
def test_ipc_channel_break_during_stream(
debug_mode: bool,
loglevel: str,
spawn_backend: str,
ipc_break: dict|None,
pre_aclose_msgstream: bool,
):
'''
Ensure we can have an IPC channel break its connection during
streaming and it's still possible for the (simulated) user to kill
the actor tree using SIGINT.
We also verify the type of connection error expected in the parent
depending on which side if the IPC breaks first.
'''
if spawn_backend != 'trio':
if debug_mode:
pytest.skip('`debug_mode` only supported on `trio` spawner')
# non-`trio` spawners should never hit the hang condition that
# requires the user to do ctl-c to cancel the actor tree.
# expect_final_exc = trio.ClosedResourceError
expect_final_exc = tractor.TransportClosed
mod: ModuleType = import_path(
examples_dir() / 'advanced_faults'
/ 'ipc_failure_during_stream.py',
root=examples_dir(),
consider_namespace_packages=False,
)
# by def we expect KBI from user after a simulated "hang
# period" wherein the user eventually hits ctl-c to kill the
# root-actor tree.
expect_final_exc: BaseException = KeyboardInterrupt
if (
# only expect EoC if trans is broken on the child side,
ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after'] is not False
# AND we tell the child to call `MsgStream.aclose()`.
and pre_aclose_msgstream
):
# expect_final_exc = trio.EndOfChannel
# ^XXX NOPE! XXX^ since now `.open_stream()` absorbs this
# gracefully!
expect_final_exc = KeyboardInterrupt
# NOTE when ONLY the child breaks or it breaks BEFORE the
# parent we expect the parent to get a closed resource error
# on the next `MsgStream.receive()` and then fail out and
# cancel the child from there.
#
# ONLY CHILD breaks
if (
ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after']
and
ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after'] is False
):
# NOTE: we DO NOT expect this any more since
# the child side's channel will be broken silently
# and nothing on the parent side will indicate this!
# expect_final_exc = trio.ClosedResourceError
# NOTE: child will send a 'stop' msg before it breaks
# the transport channel BUT, that will be absorbed by the
# `ctx.open_stream()` block and thus the `.open_context()`
# should hang, after which the test script simulates
# a user sending ctl-c by raising a KBI.
if pre_aclose_msgstream:
expect_final_exc = KeyboardInterrupt
# XXX OLD XXX
# if child calls `MsgStream.aclose()` then expect EoC.
# ^ XXX not any more ^ since eoc is always absorbed
# gracefully and NOT bubbled to the `.open_context()`
# block!
# expect_final_exc = trio.EndOfChannel
# BOTH but, CHILD breaks FIRST
elif (
ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after'] is not False
and (
ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after']
> ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after']
)
):
if pre_aclose_msgstream:
expect_final_exc = KeyboardInterrupt
# NOTE when the parent IPC side dies (even if the child does as well
# but the child fails BEFORE the parent) we always expect the
# IPC layer to raise a closed-resource, NEVER do we expect
# a stop msg since the parent-side ctx apis will error out
# IMMEDIATELY before the child ever sends any 'stop' msg.
#
# ONLY PARENT breaks
elif (
ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after']
and
ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after'] is False
):
# expect_final_exc = trio.ClosedResourceError
expect_final_exc = tractor.TransportClosed
# BOTH but, PARENT breaks FIRST
elif (
ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after'] is not False
and (
ipc_break['break_child_ipc_after']
>
ipc_break['break_parent_ipc_after']
)
):
# expect_final_exc = trio.ClosedResourceError
expect_final_exc = tractor.TransportClosed
with pytest.raises(
expected_exception=(
expect_final_exc,
ExceptionGroup,
),
) as excinfo:
try:
trio.run(
partial(
mod.main,
debug_mode=debug_mode,
start_method=spawn_backend,
loglevel=loglevel,
pre_close=pre_aclose_msgstream,
**ipc_break,
)
)
except KeyboardInterrupt as _kbi:
kbi = _kbi
if expect_final_exc is not KeyboardInterrupt:
pytest.fail(
'Rxed unexpected KBI !?\n'
f'{repr(kbi)}'
)
raise
except tractor.TransportClosed as _tc:
tc = _tc
if expect_final_exc is KeyboardInterrupt:
pytest.fail(
'Unexpected transport failure !?\n'
f'{repr(tc)}'
)
cause: Exception = tc.__cause__
assert (
type(cause) is trio.ClosedResourceError
and
cause.args[0] == 'another task closed this fd'
)
raise
# get raw instance from pytest wrapper
value = excinfo.value
if isinstance(value, ExceptionGroup):
excs = value.exceptions
assert len(excs) == 1
final_exc = excs[0]
assert isinstance(final_exc, expect_final_exc)
@tractor.context
async def break_ipc_after_started(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
await ctx.started()
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
# TODO: make a test which verifies the error
# for this, i.e. raises a `MsgTypeError`
# await ctx.chan.send(None)
await break_ipc(
stream=stream,
pre_close=True,
)
print('child broke IPC and terminating')
def test_stream_closed_right_after_ipc_break_and_zombie_lord_engages():
'''
Verify that is a subactor's IPC goes down just after bringing up
a stream the parent can trigger a SIGINT and the child will be
reaped out-of-IPC by the localhost process supervision machinery:
aka "zombie lord".
'''
async def main():
with trio.fail_after(3):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as an:
portal = await an.start_actor(
'ipc_breaker',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
with trio.move_on_after(1):
async with (
portal.open_context(
break_ipc_after_started
) as (ctx, sent),
):
async with ctx.open_stream():
await trio.sleep(0.5)
print('parent waiting on context')
print(
'parent exited context\n'
'parent raising KBI..\n'
)
raise KeyboardInterrupt
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
'''
Advanced streaming patterns using bidirectional streams and contexts.
'''
from collections import Counter
import itertools
import platform
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
def is_win():
return platform.system() == 'Windows'
_registry: dict[str, set[tractor.MsgStream]] = {
'even': set(),
'odd': set(),
}
async def publisher(
seed: int = 0,
) -> None:
global _registry
def is_even(i):
return i % 2 == 0
for val in itertools.count(seed):
sub = 'even' if is_even(val) else 'odd'
for sub_stream in _registry[sub].copy():
await sub_stream.send(val)
# throttle send rate to ~1kHz
# making it readable to a human user
await trio.sleep(1/1000)
@tractor.context
async def subscribe(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
global _registry
# syn caller
await ctx.started(None)
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
# update subs list as consumer requests
async for new_subs in stream:
new_subs = set(new_subs)
remove = new_subs - _registry.keys()
print(f'setting sub to {new_subs} for {ctx.chan.uid}')
# remove old subs
for sub in remove:
_registry[sub].remove(stream)
# add new subs for consumer
for sub in new_subs:
_registry[sub].add(stream)
async def consumer(
subs: list[str],
) -> None:
uid = tractor.current_actor().uid
async with tractor.wait_for_actor('publisher') as portal:
async with portal.open_context(subscribe) as (ctx, first):
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
# flip between the provided subs dynamically
if len(subs) > 1:
for sub in itertools.cycle(subs):
print(f'setting dynamic sub to {sub}')
await stream.send([sub])
count = 0
async for value in stream:
print(f'{uid} got: {value}')
if count > 5:
break
count += 1
else: # static sub
await stream.send(subs)
async for value in stream:
print(f'{uid} got: {value}')
def test_dynamic_pub_sub():
global _registry
from multiprocessing import cpu_count
cpus = cpu_count()
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
# name of this actor will be same as target func
await n.run_in_actor(publisher)
for i, sub in zip(
range(cpus - 2),
itertools.cycle(_registry.keys())
):
await n.run_in_actor(
consumer,
name=f'consumer_{sub}',
subs=[sub],
)
# make one dynamic subscriber
await n.run_in_actor(
consumer,
name='consumer_dynamic',
subs=list(_registry.keys()),
)
# block until cancelled by user
with trio.fail_after(3):
await trio.sleep_forever()
try:
trio.run(main)
except (
trio.TooSlowError,
ExceptionGroup,
) as err:
if isinstance(err, ExceptionGroup):
for suberr in err.exceptions:
if isinstance(suberr, trio.TooSlowError):
break
else:
pytest.fail('Never got a `TooSlowError` ?')
@tractor.context
async def one_task_streams_and_one_handles_reqresp(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
await ctx.started()
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
async def pingpong():
'''Run a simple req/response service.
'''
async for msg in stream:
print('rpc server ping')
assert msg == 'ping'
print('rpc server pong')
await stream.send('pong')
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
n.start_soon(pingpong)
for _ in itertools.count():
await stream.send('yo')
await trio.sleep(0.01)
def test_reqresp_ontopof_streaming():
'''
Test a subactor that both streams with one task and
spawns another which handles a small requests-response
dialogue over the same bidir-stream.
'''
async def main():
# flat to make sure we get at least one pong
got_pong: bool = False
timeout: int = 2
if is_win(): # smh
timeout = 4
with trio.move_on_after(timeout):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
# name of this actor will be same as target func
portal = await n.start_actor(
'dual_tasks',
enable_modules=[__name__]
)
async with portal.open_context(
one_task_streams_and_one_handles_reqresp,
) as (ctx, first):
assert first is None
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
await stream.send('ping')
async for msg in stream:
print(f'client received: {msg}')
assert msg in {'pong', 'yo'}
if msg == 'pong':
got_pong = True
await stream.send('ping')
print('client sent ping')
assert got_pong
try:
trio.run(main)
except trio.TooSlowError:
pass
async def async_gen_stream(sequence):
for i in sequence:
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.1)
@tractor.context
async def echo_ctx_stream(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
await ctx.started()
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
async for msg in stream:
await stream.send(msg)
def test_sigint_both_stream_types():
'''Verify that running a bi-directional and recv only stream
side-by-side will cancel correctly from SIGINT.
'''
timeout: float = 2
if is_win(): # smh
timeout += 1
async def main():
with trio.fail_after(timeout):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
# name of this actor will be same as target func
portal = await n.start_actor(
'2_way',
enable_modules=[__name__]
)
async with portal.open_context(echo_ctx_stream) as (ctx, _):
async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
async with portal.open_stream_from(
async_gen_stream,
sequence=list(range(1)),
) as gen_stream:
msg = await gen_stream.receive()
await stream.send(msg)
resp = await stream.receive()
assert resp == msg
raise KeyboardInterrupt
try:
trio.run(main)
assert 0, "Didn't receive KBI!?"
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
@tractor.context
async def inf_streamer(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
'''
Stream increasing ints until terminated with a 'done' msg.
'''
await ctx.started()
async with (
ctx.open_stream() as stream,
# XXX TODO, INTERESTING CASE!!
# - if we don't collapse the eg then the embedded
# `trio.EndOfChannel` doesn't propagate directly to the above
# .open_stream() parent, resulting in it also raising instead
# of gracefully absorbing as normal.. so how to handle?
trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as tn,
):
async def close_stream_on_sentinel():
async for msg in stream:
if msg == 'done':
print(
'streamer RXed "done" sentinel msg!\n'
'CLOSING `MsgStream`!'
)
await stream.aclose()
else:
print(f'streamer received {msg}')
else:
print('streamer exited recv loop')
# start termination detector
tn.start_soon(close_stream_on_sentinel)
cap: int = 10000 # so that we don't spin forever when bug..
for val in range(cap):
try:
print(f'streamer sending {val}')
await stream.send(val)
if val > cap:
raise RuntimeError(
'Streamer never cancelled by setinel?'
)
await trio.sleep(0.001)
# close out the stream gracefully
except trio.ClosedResourceError:
print('transport closed on streamer side!')
assert stream.closed
break
else:
raise RuntimeError(
'Streamer not cancelled before finished sending?'
)
print('streamer exited .open_streamer() block')
def test_local_task_fanout_from_stream(
debug_mode: bool,
):
'''
Single stream with multiple local consumer tasks using the
``MsgStream.subscribe()` api.
Ensure all tasks receive all values after stream completes
sending.
'''
consumers: int = 22
async def main():
counts = Counter()
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=debug_mode,
) as tn:
p: tractor.Portal = await tn.start_actor(
'inf_streamer',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with (
p.open_context(inf_streamer) as (ctx, _),
ctx.open_stream() as stream,
):
async def pull_and_count(name: str):
# name = trio.lowlevel.current_task().name
async with stream.subscribe() as recver:
assert isinstance(
recver,
tractor.trionics.BroadcastReceiver
)
async for val in recver:
print(f'bx {name} rx: {val}')
counts[name] += 1
print(f'{name} bcaster ended')
print(f'{name} completed')
with trio.fail_after(3):
async with trio.open_nursery() as nurse:
for i in range(consumers):
nurse.start_soon(
pull_and_count,
i,
)
# delay to let bcast consumers pull msgs
await trio.sleep(0.5)
print('terminating nursery of bcast rxer consumers!')
await stream.send('done')
print('closed stream connection')
assert len(counts) == consumers
mx = max(counts.values())
# make sure each task received all stream values
assert all(val == mx for val in counts.values())
await p.cancel_actor()
trio.run(main)

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@ -1,631 +0,0 @@
"""
Cancellation and error propagation
"""
import os
import signal
import platform
import time
from itertools import repeat
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
from tractor._testing import (
tractor_test,
)
from .conftest import no_windows
def is_win():
return platform.system() == 'Windows'
async def assert_err(delay=0):
await trio.sleep(delay)
assert 0
async def sleep_forever():
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def do_nuthin():
# just nick the scheduler
await trio.sleep(0)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'args_err',
[
# expected to be thrown in assert_err
({}, AssertionError),
# argument mismatch raised in _invoke()
({'unexpected': 10}, TypeError)
],
ids=['no_args', 'unexpected_args'],
)
def test_remote_error(reg_addr, args_err):
'''
Verify an error raised in a subactor that is propagated
to the parent nursery, contains the underlying boxed builtin
error type info and causes cancellation and reraising all the
way up the stack.
'''
args, errtype = args_err
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as nursery:
# on a remote type error caused by bad input args
# this should raise directly which means we **don't** get
# an exception group outside the nursery since the error
# here and the far end task error are one in the same?
portal = await nursery.run_in_actor(
assert_err,
name='errorer',
**args
)
# get result(s) from main task
try:
# this means the root actor will also raise a local
# parent task error and thus an eg will propagate out
# of this actor nursery.
await portal.result()
except tractor.RemoteActorError as err:
assert err.boxed_type == errtype
print("Look Maa that actor failed hard, hehh")
raise
# ensure boxed errors
if args:
with pytest.raises(tractor.RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
trio.run(main)
assert excinfo.value.boxed_type == errtype
else:
# the root task will also error on the `Portal.result()`
# call so we expect an error from there AND the child.
# |_ tho seems like on new `trio` this doesn't always
# happen?
with pytest.raises((
BaseExceptionGroup,
tractor.RemoteActorError,
)) as excinfo:
trio.run(main)
# ensure boxed errors are `errtype`
err: BaseException = excinfo.value
if isinstance(err, BaseExceptionGroup):
suberrs: list[BaseException] = err.exceptions
else:
suberrs: list[BaseException] = [err]
for exc in suberrs:
assert exc.boxed_type == errtype
def test_multierror(
reg_addr: tuple[str, int],
):
'''
Verify we raise a ``BaseExceptionGroup`` out of a nursery where
more then one actor errors.
'''
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as nursery:
await nursery.run_in_actor(assert_err, name='errorer1')
portal2 = await nursery.run_in_actor(assert_err, name='errorer2')
# get result(s) from main task
try:
await portal2.result()
except tractor.RemoteActorError as err:
assert err.boxed_type is AssertionError
print("Look Maa that first actor failed hard, hehh")
raise
# here we should get a ``BaseExceptionGroup`` containing exceptions
# from both subactors
with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup):
trio.run(main)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('delay', (0, 0.5))
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'num_subactors', range(25, 26),
)
def test_multierror_fast_nursery(reg_addr, start_method, num_subactors, delay):
"""Verify we raise a ``BaseExceptionGroup`` out of a nursery where
more then one actor errors and also with a delay before failure
to test failure during an ongoing spawning.
"""
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as nursery:
for i in range(num_subactors):
await nursery.run_in_actor(
assert_err,
name=f'errorer{i}',
delay=delay
)
# with pytest.raises(trio.MultiError) as exc_info:
with pytest.raises(BaseExceptionGroup) as exc_info:
trio.run(main)
assert exc_info.type == ExceptionGroup
err = exc_info.value
exceptions = err.exceptions
if len(exceptions) == 2:
# sometimes oddly now there's an embedded BrokenResourceError ?
for exc in exceptions:
excs = getattr(exc, 'exceptions', None)
if excs:
exceptions = excs
break
assert len(exceptions) == num_subactors
for exc in exceptions:
assert isinstance(exc, tractor.RemoteActorError)
assert exc.boxed_type is AssertionError
async def do_nothing():
pass
@pytest.mark.parametrize('mechanism', ['nursery_cancel', KeyboardInterrupt])
def test_cancel_single_subactor(reg_addr, mechanism):
'''
Ensure a ``ActorNursery.start_actor()`` spawned subactor
cancels when the nursery is cancelled.
'''
async def spawn_actor():
'''
Spawn an actor that blocks indefinitely then cancel via
either `ActorNursery.cancel()` or an exception raise.
'''
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as nursery:
portal = await nursery.start_actor(
'nothin', enable_modules=[__name__],
)
assert (await portal.run(do_nothing)) is None
if mechanism == 'nursery_cancel':
# would hang otherwise
await nursery.cancel()
else:
raise mechanism
if mechanism == 'nursery_cancel':
trio.run(spawn_actor)
else:
with pytest.raises(mechanism):
trio.run(spawn_actor)
async def stream_forever():
for i in repeat("I can see these little future bubble things"):
# each yielded value is sent over the ``Channel`` to the
# parent actor
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.01)
@tractor_test
async def test_cancel_infinite_streamer(start_method):
# stream for at most 1 seconds
with trio.move_on_after(1) as cancel_scope:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
'donny',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
# this async for loop streams values from the above
# async generator running in a separate process
async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_forever) as stream:
async for letter in stream:
print(letter)
# we support trio's cancellation system
assert cancel_scope.cancelled_caught
assert n.cancelled
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'num_actors_and_errs',
[
# daemon actors sit idle while single task actors error out
(1, tractor.RemoteActorError, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
(2, BaseExceptionGroup, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
(3, BaseExceptionGroup, AssertionError, (assert_err, {}), None),
# 1 daemon actor errors out while single task actors sleep forever
(3, tractor.RemoteActorError, AssertionError, (sleep_forever, {}),
(assert_err, {}, True)),
# daemon actors error out after brief delay while single task
# actors complete quickly
(3, tractor.RemoteActorError, AssertionError,
(do_nuthin, {}), (assert_err, {'delay': 1}, True)),
# daemon complete quickly delay while single task
# actors error after brief delay
(3, BaseExceptionGroup, AssertionError,
(assert_err, {'delay': 1}), (do_nuthin, {}, False)),
],
ids=[
'1_run_in_actor_fails',
'2_run_in_actors_fail',
'3_run_in_actors_fail',
'1_daemon_actors_fail',
'1_daemon_actors_fail_all_run_in_actors_dun_quick',
'no_daemon_actors_fail_all_run_in_actors_sleep_then_fail',
],
)
@tractor_test
async def test_some_cancels_all(num_actors_and_errs, start_method, loglevel):
"""Verify a subset of failed subactors causes all others in
the nursery to be cancelled just like the strategy in trio.
This is the first and only supervisory strategy at the moment.
"""
num_actors, first_err, err_type, ria_func, da_func = num_actors_and_errs
try:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
# spawn the same number of deamon actors which should be cancelled
dactor_portals = []
for i in range(num_actors):
dactor_portals.append(await n.start_actor(
f'deamon_{i}',
enable_modules=[__name__],
))
func, kwargs = ria_func
riactor_portals = []
for i in range(num_actors):
# start actor(s) that will fail immediately
riactor_portals.append(
await n.run_in_actor(
func,
name=f'actor_{i}',
**kwargs
)
)
if da_func:
func, kwargs, expect_error = da_func
for portal in dactor_portals:
# if this function fails then we should error here
# and the nursery should teardown all other actors
try:
await portal.run(func, **kwargs)
except tractor.RemoteActorError as err:
assert err.boxed_type == err_type
# we only expect this first error to propogate
# (all other daemons are cancelled before they
# can be scheduled)
num_actors = 1
# reraise so nursery teardown is triggered
raise
else:
if expect_error:
pytest.fail(
"Deamon call should fail at checkpoint?")
# should error here with a ``RemoteActorError`` or ``MultiError``
except first_err as err:
if isinstance(err, BaseExceptionGroup):
assert len(err.exceptions) == num_actors
for exc in err.exceptions:
if isinstance(exc, tractor.RemoteActorError):
assert exc.boxed_type == err_type
else:
assert isinstance(exc, trio.Cancelled)
elif isinstance(err, tractor.RemoteActorError):
assert err.boxed_type == err_type
assert n.cancelled is True
assert not n._children
else:
pytest.fail("Should have gotten a remote assertion error?")
async def spawn_and_error(breadth, depth) -> None:
name = tractor.current_actor().name
async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
for i in range(breadth):
if depth > 0:
args = (
spawn_and_error,
)
kwargs = {
'name': f'spawner_{i}_depth_{depth}',
'breadth': breadth,
'depth': depth - 1,
}
else:
args = (
assert_err,
)
kwargs = {
'name': f'{name}_errorer_{i}',
}
await nursery.run_in_actor(*args, **kwargs)
@tractor_test
async def test_nested_multierrors(loglevel, start_method):
'''
Test that failed actor sets are wrapped in `BaseExceptionGroup`s. This
test goes only 2 nurseries deep but we should eventually have tests
for arbitrary n-depth actor trees.
'''
if start_method == 'trio':
depth = 3
subactor_breadth = 2
else:
# XXX: multiprocessing can't seem to handle any more then 2 depth
# process trees for whatever reason.
# Any more process levels then this and we see bugs that cause
# hangs and broken pipes all over the place...
if start_method == 'forkserver':
pytest.skip("Forksever sux hard at nested spawning...")
depth = 1 # means an additional actor tree of spawning (2 levels deep)
subactor_breadth = 2
with trio.fail_after(120):
try:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
for i in range(subactor_breadth):
await nursery.run_in_actor(
spawn_and_error,
name=f'spawner_{i}',
breadth=subactor_breadth,
depth=depth,
)
except BaseExceptionGroup as err:
assert len(err.exceptions) == subactor_breadth
for subexc in err.exceptions:
# verify first level actor errors are wrapped as remote
if is_win():
# windows is often too slow and cancellation seems
# to happen before an actor is spawned
if isinstance(subexc, trio.Cancelled):
continue
elif isinstance(subexc, tractor.RemoteActorError):
# on windows it seems we can't exactly be sure wtf
# will happen..
assert subexc.boxed_type in (
tractor.RemoteActorError,
trio.Cancelled,
BaseExceptionGroup,
)
elif isinstance(subexc, BaseExceptionGroup):
for subsub in subexc.exceptions:
if subsub in (tractor.RemoteActorError,):
subsub = subsub.boxed_type
assert type(subsub) in (
trio.Cancelled,
BaseExceptionGroup,
)
else:
assert isinstance(subexc, tractor.RemoteActorError)
if depth > 0 and subactor_breadth > 1:
# XXX not sure what's up with this..
# on windows sometimes spawning is just too slow and
# we get back the (sent) cancel signal instead
if is_win():
if isinstance(subexc, tractor.RemoteActorError):
assert subexc.boxed_type in (
BaseExceptionGroup,
tractor.RemoteActorError
)
else:
assert isinstance(subexc, BaseExceptionGroup)
else:
assert subexc.boxed_type is ExceptionGroup
else:
assert subexc.boxed_type in (
tractor.RemoteActorError,
trio.Cancelled
)
@no_windows
def test_cancel_via_SIGINT(
loglevel,
start_method,
spawn_backend,
):
"""Ensure that a control-C (SIGINT) signal cancels both the parent and
child processes in trionic fashion
"""
pid = os.getpid()
async def main():
with trio.fail_after(2):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
await tn.start_actor('sucka')
if 'mp' in spawn_backend:
time.sleep(0.1)
os.kill(pid, signal.SIGINT)
await trio.sleep_forever()
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(main)
@no_windows
def test_cancel_via_SIGINT_other_task(
loglevel,
start_method,
spawn_backend,
):
"""Ensure that a control-C (SIGINT) signal cancels both the parent
and child processes in trionic fashion even a subprocess is started
from a seperate ``trio`` child task.
"""
pid = os.getpid()
timeout: float = 2
if is_win(): # smh
timeout += 1
async def spawn_and_sleep_forever(
task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED
):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
for i in range(3):
await tn.run_in_actor(
sleep_forever,
name='namesucka',
)
task_status.started()
await trio.sleep_forever()
async def main():
# should never timeout since SIGINT should cancel the current program
with trio.fail_after(timeout):
async with trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as n:
await n.start(spawn_and_sleep_forever)
if 'mp' in spawn_backend:
time.sleep(0.1)
os.kill(pid, signal.SIGINT)
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(main)
async def spin_for(period=3):
"Sync sleep."
time.sleep(period)
async def spawn():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
await tn.run_in_actor(
spin_for,
name='sleeper',
)
@no_windows
def test_cancel_while_childs_child_in_sync_sleep(
loglevel,
start_method,
spawn_backend,
):
"""Verify that a child cancelled while executing sync code is torn
down even when that cancellation is triggered by the parent
2 nurseries "up".
"""
if start_method == 'forkserver':
pytest.skip("Forksever sux hard at resuming from sync sleep...")
async def main():
with trio.fail_after(2):
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
await tn.run_in_actor(
spawn,
name='spawn',
)
await trio.sleep(1)
assert 0
with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
trio.run(main)
def test_fast_graceful_cancel_when_spawn_task_in_soft_proc_wait_for_daemon(
start_method,
):
'''
This is a very subtle test which demonstrates how cancellation
during process collection can result in non-optimal teardown
performance on daemon actors. The fix for this test was to handle
``trio.Cancelled`` specially in the spawn task waiting in
`proc.wait()` such that ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` is called before
executing the "hard reap" sequence (which has an up to 3 second
delay currently).
In other words, if we can cancel the actor using a graceful remote
cancellation, and it's faster, we might as well do it.
'''
kbi_delay = 0.5
timeout: float = 2.9
if is_win(): # smh
timeout += 1
async def main():
start = time.time()
try:
async with trio.open_nursery() as nurse:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
p = await tn.start_actor(
'fast_boi',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async def delayed_kbi():
await trio.sleep(kbi_delay)
print(f'RAISING KBI after {kbi_delay} s')
raise KeyboardInterrupt
# start task which raises a kbi **after**
# the actor nursery ``__aexit__()`` has
# been run.
nurse.start_soon(delayed_kbi)
await p.run(do_nuthin)
# need to explicitly re-raise the lone kbi..now
except* KeyboardInterrupt as kbi_eg:
assert (len(excs := kbi_eg.exceptions) == 1)
raise excs[0]
finally:
duration = time.time() - start
if duration > timeout:
raise trio.TooSlowError(
'daemon cancel was slower then necessary..'
)
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(main)

View File

@ -1,176 +0,0 @@
'''
Test a service style daemon that maintains a nursery for spawning
"remote async tasks" including both spawning other long living
sub-sub-actor daemons.
'''
from typing import Optional
import asyncio
from contextlib import (
asynccontextmanager as acm,
aclosing,
)
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
from tractor import RemoteActorError
async def aio_streamer(
from_trio: asyncio.Queue,
to_trio: trio.abc.SendChannel,
) -> trio.abc.ReceiveChannel:
# required first msg to sync caller
to_trio.send_nowait(None)
from itertools import cycle
for i in cycle(range(10)):
to_trio.send_nowait(i)
await asyncio.sleep(0.01)
async def trio_streamer():
from itertools import cycle
for i in cycle(range(10)):
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.01)
async def trio_sleep_and_err(delay: float = 0.5):
await trio.sleep(delay)
# name error
doggy() # noqa
_cached_stream: Optional[
trio.abc.ReceiveChannel
] = None
@acm
async def wrapper_mngr(
):
from tractor.trionics import broadcast_receiver
global _cached_stream
in_aio = tractor.current_actor().is_infected_aio()
if in_aio:
if _cached_stream:
from_aio = _cached_stream
# if we already have a cached feed deliver a rx side clone
# to consumer
async with broadcast_receiver(from_aio, 6) as from_aio:
yield from_aio
return
else:
async with tractor.to_asyncio.open_channel_from(
aio_streamer,
) as (first, from_aio):
assert not first
# cache it so next task uses broadcast receiver
_cached_stream = from_aio
yield from_aio
else:
async with aclosing(trio_streamer()) as stream:
# cache it so next task uses broadcast receiver
_cached_stream = stream
yield stream
_nursery: trio.Nursery = None
@tractor.context
async def trio_main(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
# sync
await ctx.started()
# stash a "service nursery" as "actor local" (aka a Python global)
global _nursery
tn = _nursery
assert tn
async def consume_stream():
async with wrapper_mngr() as stream:
async for msg in stream:
print(msg)
# run 2 tasks to ensure broadcaster chan use
tn.start_soon(consume_stream)
tn.start_soon(consume_stream)
tn.start_soon(trio_sleep_and_err)
await trio.sleep_forever()
@tractor.context
async def open_actor_local_nursery(
ctx: tractor.Context,
):
global _nursery
async with trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as tn:
_nursery = tn
await ctx.started()
await trio.sleep(10)
# await trio.sleep(1)
# XXX: this causes the hang since
# the caller does not unblock from its own
# ``trio.sleep_forever()``.
# TODO: we need to test a simple ctx task starting remote tasks
# that error and then blocking on a ``Nursery.start()`` which
# never yields back.. aka a scenario where the
# ``tractor.context`` task IS NOT in the service n's cancel
# scope.
tn.cancel_scope.cancel()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'asyncio_mode',
[True, False],
ids='asyncio_mode={}'.format,
)
def test_actor_managed_trio_nursery_task_error_cancels_aio(
asyncio_mode: bool,
reg_addr: tuple,
):
'''
Verify that a ``trio`` nursery created managed in a child actor
correctly relays errors to the parent actor when one of its spawned
tasks errors even when running in infected asyncio mode and using
broadcast receivers for multi-task-per-actor subscription.
'''
async def main():
# cancel the nursery shortly after boot
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
p = await n.start_actor(
'nursery_mngr',
infect_asyncio=asyncio_mode, # TODO, is this enabling debug mode?
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with (
p.open_context(open_actor_local_nursery) as (ctx, first),
p.open_context(trio_main) as (ctx, first),
):
await trio.sleep_forever()
with pytest.raises(RemoteActorError) as excinfo:
trio.run(main)
# verify boxed error
err = excinfo.value
assert err.boxed_type is NameError

View File

@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
import itertools
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
from tractor import open_actor_cluster
from tractor.trionics import gather_contexts
from tractor._testing import tractor_test
MESSAGE = 'tractoring at full speed'
def test_empty_mngrs_input_raises() -> None:
async def main():
with trio.fail_after(1):
async with (
open_actor_cluster(
modules=[__name__],
# NOTE: ensure we can passthrough runtime opts
loglevel='info',
# debug_mode=True,
) as portals,
gather_contexts(
# NOTE: it's the use of inline-generator syntax
# here that causes the empty input.
mngrs=(
p.open_context(worker) for p in portals.values()
),
),
):
assert 0
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
trio.run(main)
@tractor.context
async def worker(
ctx: tractor.Context,
) -> None:
await ctx.started()
async with ctx.open_stream(
allow_overruns=True,
) as stream:
# TODO: this with the below assert causes a hang bug?
# with trio.move_on_after(1):
async for msg in stream:
# do something with msg
print(msg)
assert msg == MESSAGE
# TODO: does this ever cause a hang
# assert 0
@tractor_test
async def test_streaming_to_actor_cluster() -> None:
async with (
open_actor_cluster(modules=[__name__]) as portals,
gather_contexts(
mngrs=[p.open_context(worker) for p in portals.values()],
) as contexts,
gather_contexts(
mngrs=[ctx[0].open_stream() for ctx in contexts],
) as streams,
):
with trio.move_on_after(1):
for stream in itertools.cycle(streams):
await stream.send(MESSAGE)

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

View File

@ -1,47 +1,39 @@
"""
Actor "discovery" testing
"""
import os
import signal
import platform
from functools import partial
import itertools
import pytest
import tractor
from tractor._testing import tractor_test
import trio
from conftest import tractor_test
@tractor_test
async def test_reg_then_unreg(reg_addr):
async def test_reg_then_unreg(arb_addr):
actor = tractor.current_actor()
assert actor.is_arbiter
assert len(actor._registry) == 1 # only self is registered
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as n:
portal = await n.start_actor('actor', enable_modules=[__name__])
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor('actor', rpc_module_paths=[__name__])
uid = portal.channel.uid
async with tractor.get_registry(*reg_addr) as aportal:
# this local actor should be the arbiter
async with tractor.get_arbiter(*arb_addr) as aportal:
# local actor should be the arbiter
assert actor is aportal.actor
async with tractor.wait_for_actor('actor'):
# sub-actor uid should be in the registry
assert uid in aportal.actor._registry
sockaddrs = actor._registry[uid]
# XXX: can we figure out what the listen addr will be?
assert sockaddrs
# sub-actor uid should be in the registry
await trio.sleep(0.1) # registering is async, so..
assert uid in aportal.actor._registry
sockaddrs = actor._registry[uid]
# XXX: can we figure out what the listen addr will be?
assert sockaddrs
await n.cancel() # tear down nursery
await trio.sleep(0.1)
assert uid not in aportal.actor._registry
sockaddrs = actor._registry.get(uid)
sockaddrs = actor._registry[uid]
assert not sockaddrs
@ -52,342 +44,37 @@ async def hi():
return the_line.format(tractor.current_actor().name)
async def say_hello(
other_actor: str,
reg_addr: tuple[str, int],
):
await trio.sleep(1) # wait for other actor to spawn
async with tractor.find_actor(
other_actor,
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as portal:
assert portal is not None
async def say_hello(other_actor):
await trio.sleep(0.4) # wait for other actor to spawn
async with tractor.find_actor(other_actor) as portal:
return await portal.run(__name__, 'hi')
async def say_hello_use_wait(
other_actor: str,
reg_addr: tuple[str, int],
):
async with tractor.wait_for_actor(
other_actor,
registry_addr=reg_addr,
) as portal:
assert portal is not None
async def say_hello_use_wait(other_actor):
async with tractor.wait_for_actor(other_actor) as portal:
result = await portal.run(__name__, 'hi')
return result
@tractor_test
@pytest.mark.parametrize('func', [say_hello, say_hello_use_wait])
async def test_trynamic_trio(
func,
start_method,
reg_addr,
):
'''
Root actor acting as the "director" and running one-shot-task-actors
for the directed subs.
'''
async def test_trynamic_trio(func):
"""Main tractor entry point, the "master" process (for now
acts as the "director").
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
print("Alright... Action!")
donny = await n.run_in_actor(
'donny',
func,
other_actor='gretchen',
reg_addr=reg_addr,
name='donny',
)
gretchen = await n.run_in_actor(
'gretchen',
func,
other_actor='donny',
reg_addr=reg_addr,
name='gretchen',
)
print(await gretchen.result())
print(await donny.result())
print("CUTTTT CUUTT CUT!!?! Donny!! You're supposed to say...")
async def stream_forever():
for i in itertools.count():
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.01)
async def cancel(use_signal, delay=0):
# hold on there sally
await trio.sleep(delay)
# trigger cancel
if use_signal:
if platform.system() == 'Windows':
pytest.skip("SIGINT not supported on windows")
os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGINT)
else:
raise KeyboardInterrupt
async def stream_from(portal):
async with portal.open_stream_from(stream_forever) as stream:
async for value in stream:
print(value)
async def unpack_reg(actor_or_portal):
'''
Get and unpack a "registry" RPC request from the "arbiter" registry
system.
'''
if getattr(actor_or_portal, 'get_registry', None):
msg = await actor_or_portal.get_registry()
else:
msg = await actor_or_portal.run_from_ns('self', 'get_registry')
return {tuple(key.split('.')): val for key, val in msg.items()}
async def spawn_and_check_registry(
reg_addr: tuple,
use_signal: bool,
remote_arbiter: bool = False,
with_streaming: bool = False,
) -> None:
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
):
async with tractor.get_registry(*reg_addr) as portal:
# runtime needs to be up to call this
actor = tractor.current_actor()
if remote_arbiter:
assert not actor.is_arbiter
if actor.is_arbiter:
extra = 1 # arbiter is local root actor
get_reg = partial(unpack_reg, actor)
else:
get_reg = partial(unpack_reg, portal)
extra = 2 # local root actor + remote arbiter
# ensure current actor is registered
registry = await get_reg()
assert actor.uid in registry
try:
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
async with trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as trion:
portals = {}
for i in range(3):
name = f'a{i}'
if with_streaming:
portals[name] = await n.start_actor(
name=name, enable_modules=[__name__])
else: # no streaming
portals[name] = await n.run_in_actor(
trio.sleep_forever, name=name)
# wait on last actor to come up
async with tractor.wait_for_actor(name):
registry = await get_reg()
for uid in n._children:
assert uid in registry
assert len(portals) + extra == len(registry)
if with_streaming:
await trio.sleep(0.1)
pts = list(portals.values())
for p in pts[:-1]:
trion.start_soon(stream_from, p)
# stream for 1 sec
trion.start_soon(cancel, use_signal, 1)
last_p = pts[-1]
await stream_from(last_p)
else:
await cancel(use_signal)
finally:
await trio.sleep(0.5)
# all subactors should have de-registered
registry = await get_reg()
assert len(registry) == extra
assert actor.uid in registry
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize('with_streaming', [False, True])
def test_subactors_unregister_on_cancel(
start_method,
use_signal,
reg_addr,
with_streaming,
):
'''
Verify that cancelling a nursery results in all subactors
deregistering themselves with the arbiter.
'''
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(
partial(
spawn_and_check_registry,
reg_addr,
use_signal,
remote_arbiter=False,
with_streaming=with_streaming,
),
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize('with_streaming', [False, True])
def test_subactors_unregister_on_cancel_remote_daemon(
daemon,
start_method,
use_signal,
reg_addr,
with_streaming,
):
"""Verify that cancelling a nursery results in all subactors
deregistering themselves with a **remote** (not in the local process
tree) arbiter.
"""
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(
partial(
spawn_and_check_registry,
reg_addr,
use_signal,
remote_arbiter=True,
with_streaming=with_streaming,
),
)
async def streamer(agen):
async for item in agen:
print(item)
async def close_chans_before_nursery(
reg_addr: tuple,
use_signal: bool,
remote_arbiter: bool = False,
) -> None:
# logic for how many actors should still be
# in the registry at teardown.
if remote_arbiter:
entries_at_end = 2
else:
entries_at_end = 1
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
):
async with tractor.get_registry(*reg_addr) as aportal:
try:
get_reg = partial(unpack_reg, aportal)
async with tractor.open_nursery() as tn:
portal1 = await tn.start_actor(
name='consumer1', enable_modules=[__name__])
portal2 = await tn.start_actor(
'consumer2', enable_modules=[__name__])
# TODO: compact this back as was in last commit once
# 3.9+, see https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/207
async with portal1.open_stream_from(
stream_forever
) as agen1:
async with portal2.open_stream_from(
stream_forever
) as agen2:
async with trio.open_nursery(
strict_exception_groups=False,
) as n:
n.start_soon(streamer, agen1)
n.start_soon(cancel, use_signal, .5)
try:
await streamer(agen2)
finally:
# Kill the root nursery thus resulting in
# normal arbiter channel ops to fail during
# teardown. It doesn't seem like this is
# reliably triggered by an external SIGINT.
# tractor.current_actor()._root_nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
# XXX: THIS IS THE KEY THING that
# happens **before** exiting the
# actor nursery block
# also kill off channels cuz why not
await agen1.aclose()
await agen2.aclose()
finally:
with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
await trio.sleep(1)
# all subactors should have de-registered
registry = await get_reg()
assert portal1.channel.uid not in registry
assert portal2.channel.uid not in registry
assert len(registry) == entries_at_end
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
def test_close_channel_explicit(
start_method,
use_signal,
reg_addr,
):
"""Verify that closing a stream explicitly and killing the actor's
"root nursery" **before** the containing nursery tears down also
results in subactor(s) deregistering from the arbiter.
"""
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(
partial(
close_chans_before_nursery,
reg_addr,
use_signal,
remote_arbiter=False,
),
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('use_signal', [False, True])
def test_close_channel_explicit_remote_arbiter(
daemon,
start_method,
use_signal,
reg_addr,
):
"""Verify that closing a stream explicitly and killing the actor's
"root nursery" **before** the containing nursery tears down also
results in subactor(s) deregistering from the arbiter.
"""
with pytest.raises(KeyboardInterrupt):
trio.run(
partial(
close_chans_before_nursery,
reg_addr,
use_signal,
remote_arbiter=True,
),
)

View File

@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
'''
Let's make sure them docs work yah?
'''
from contextlib import contextmanager
import itertools
import os
import sys
import subprocess
import platform
import shutil
import pytest
from tractor._testing import (
examples_dir,
)
@pytest.fixture
def run_example_in_subproc(
loglevel: str,
testdir: pytest.Pytester,
reg_addr: tuple[str, int],
):
@contextmanager
def run(script_code):
kwargs = dict()
if platform.system() == 'Windows':
# on windows we need to create a special __main__.py which will
# be executed with ``python -m <modulename>`` on windows..
shutil.copyfile(
examples_dir() / '__main__.py',
str(testdir / '__main__.py'),
)
# drop the ``if __name__ == '__main__'`` guard onwards from
# the *NIX version of each script
windows_script_lines = itertools.takewhile(
lambda line: "if __name__ ==" not in line,
script_code.splitlines()
)
script_code = '\n'.join(windows_script_lines)
script_file = testdir.makefile('.py', script_code)
# without this, tests hang on windows forever
kwargs['creationflags'] = subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
# run the testdir "libary module" as a script
cmdargs = [
sys.executable,
'-m',
# use the "module name" of this "package"
'test_example'
]
else:
script_file = testdir.makefile('.py', script_code)
cmdargs = [
sys.executable,
str(script_file),
]
# XXX: BE FOREVER WARNED: if you enable lots of tractor logging
# in the subprocess it may cause infinite blocking on the pipes
# due to backpressure!!!
proc = testdir.popen(
cmdargs,
**kwargs,
)
assert not proc.returncode
yield proc
proc.wait()
assert proc.returncode == 0
yield run
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'example_script',
# walk yields: (dirpath, dirnames, filenames)
[
(p[0], f)
for p in os.walk(examples_dir())
for f in p[2]
if (
'__' not in f
and f[0] != '_'
and 'debugging' not in p[0]
and 'integration' not in p[0]
and 'advanced_faults' not in p[0]
and 'multihost' not in p[0]
)
],
ids=lambda t: t[1],
)
def test_example(
run_example_in_subproc,
example_script,
):
'''
Load and run scripts from this repo's ``examples/`` dir as a user
would copy and pasing them into their editor.
On windows a little more "finessing" is done to make
``multiprocessing`` play nice: we copy the ``__main__.py`` into the
test directory and invoke the script as a module with ``python -m
test_example``.
'''
ex_file: str = os.path.join(*example_script)
if 'rpc_bidir_streaming' in ex_file and sys.version_info < (3, 9):
pytest.skip("2-way streaming example requires py3.9 async with syntax")
with open(ex_file, 'r') as ex:
code = ex.read()
with run_example_in_subproc(code) as proc:
proc.wait()
err, _ = proc.stderr.read(), proc.stdout.read()
# print(f'STDERR: {err}')
# print(f'STDOUT: {out}')
# if we get some gnarly output let's aggregate and raise
if err:
errmsg = err.decode()
errlines = errmsg.splitlines()
last_error = errlines[-1]
if (
'Error' in last_error
# XXX: currently we print this to console, but maybe
# shouldn't eventually once we figure out what's
# a better way to be explicit about aio side
# cancels?
and
'asyncio.exceptions.CancelledError' not in last_error
):
raise Exception(errmsg)
assert proc.returncode == 0

View File

@ -1,946 +0,0 @@
'''
Low-level functional audits for our
"capability based messaging"-spec feats.
B~)
'''
from contextlib import (
contextmanager as cm,
# nullcontext,
)
import importlib
from typing import (
Any,
Type,
Union,
)
from msgspec import (
# structs,
# msgpack,
Raw,
# Struct,
ValidationError,
)
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
from tractor import (
Actor,
# _state,
MsgTypeError,
Context,
)
from tractor.msg import (
_codec,
_ctxvar_MsgCodec,
_exts,
NamespacePath,
MsgCodec,
MsgDec,
mk_codec,
mk_dec,
apply_codec,
current_codec,
)
from tractor.msg.types import (
log,
Started,
# _payload_msgs,
# PayloadMsg,
# mk_msg_spec,
)
from tractor.msg._ops import (
limit_plds,
)
def enc_nsp(obj: Any) -> Any:
actor: Actor = tractor.current_actor(
err_on_no_runtime=False,
)
uid: tuple[str, str]|None = None if not actor else actor.uid
print(f'{uid} ENC HOOK')
match obj:
# case NamespacePath()|str():
case NamespacePath():
encoded: str = str(obj)
print(
f'----- ENCODING `NamespacePath` as `str` ------\n'
f'|_obj:{type(obj)!r} = {obj!r}\n'
f'|_encoded: str = {encoded!r}\n'
)
# if type(obj) != NamespacePath:
# breakpoint()
return encoded
case _:
logmsg: str = (
f'{uid}\n'
'FAILED ENCODE\n'
f'obj-> `{obj}: {type(obj)}`\n'
)
raise NotImplementedError(logmsg)
def dec_nsp(
obj_type: Type,
obj: Any,
) -> Any:
# breakpoint()
actor: Actor = tractor.current_actor(
err_on_no_runtime=False,
)
uid: tuple[str, str]|None = None if not actor else actor.uid
print(
f'{uid}\n'
'CUSTOM DECODE\n'
f'type-arg-> {obj_type}\n'
f'obj-arg-> `{obj}`: {type(obj)}\n'
)
nsp = None
# XXX, never happens right?
if obj_type is Raw:
breakpoint()
if (
obj_type is NamespacePath
and isinstance(obj, str)
and ':' in obj
):
nsp = NamespacePath(obj)
# TODO: we could built a generic handler using
# JUST matching the obj_type part?
# nsp = obj_type(obj)
if nsp:
print(f'Returning NSP instance: {nsp}')
return nsp
logmsg: str = (
f'{uid}\n'
'FAILED DECODE\n'
f'type-> {obj_type}\n'
f'obj-arg-> `{obj}`: {type(obj)}\n\n'
f'current codec:\n'
f'{current_codec()}\n'
)
# TODO: figure out the ignore subsys for this!
# -[ ] option whether to defense-relay backc the msg
# inside an `Invalid`/`Ignore`
# -[ ] how to make this handling pluggable such that a
# `Channel`/`MsgTransport` can intercept and process
# back msgs either via exception handling or some other
# signal?
log.warning(logmsg)
# NOTE: this delivers the invalid
# value up to `msgspec`'s decoding
# machinery for error raising.
return obj
# raise NotImplementedError(logmsg)
def ex_func(*args):
'''
A mod level func we can ref and load via our `NamespacePath`
python-object pointer `str` subtype.
'''
print(f'ex_func({args})')
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'add_codec_hooks',
[
True,
False,
],
ids=['use_codec_hooks', 'no_codec_hooks'],
)
def test_custom_extension_types(
debug_mode: bool,
add_codec_hooks: bool
):
'''
Verify that a `MsgCodec` (used for encoding all outbound IPC msgs
and decoding all inbound `PayloadMsg`s) and a paired `MsgDec`
(used for decoding the `PayloadMsg.pld: Raw` received within a given
task's ipc `Context` scope) can both send and receive "extension types"
as supported via custom converter hooks passed to `msgspec`.
'''
nsp_pld_dec: MsgDec = mk_dec(
spec=None, # ONLY support the ext type
dec_hook=dec_nsp if add_codec_hooks else None,
ext_types=[NamespacePath],
)
nsp_codec: MsgCodec = mk_codec(
# ipc_pld_spec=Raw, # default!
# NOTE XXX: the encode hook MUST be used no matter what since
# our `NamespacePath` is not any of a `Any` native type nor
# a `msgspec.Struct` subtype - so `msgspec` has no way to know
# how to encode it unless we provide the custom hook.
#
# AGAIN that is, regardless of whether we spec an
# `Any`-decoded-pld the enc has no knowledge (by default)
# how to enc `NamespacePath` (nsp), so we add a custom
# hook to do that ALWAYS.
enc_hook=enc_nsp if add_codec_hooks else None,
# XXX NOTE: pretty sure this is mutex with the `type=` to
# `Decoder`? so it won't work in tandem with the
# `ipc_pld_spec` passed above?
ext_types=[NamespacePath],
# TODO? is it useful to have the `.pld` decoded *prior* to
# the `PldRx`?? like perf or mem related?
# ext_dec=nsp_pld_dec,
)
if add_codec_hooks:
assert nsp_codec.dec.dec_hook is None
# TODO? if we pass `ext_dec` above?
# assert nsp_codec.dec.dec_hook is dec_nsp
assert nsp_codec.enc.enc_hook is enc_nsp
nsp = NamespacePath.from_ref(ex_func)
try:
nsp_bytes: bytes = nsp_codec.encode(nsp)
nsp_rt_sin_msg = nsp_pld_dec.decode(nsp_bytes)
nsp_rt_sin_msg.load_ref() is ex_func
except TypeError:
if not add_codec_hooks:
pass
try:
msg_bytes: bytes = nsp_codec.encode(
Started(
cid='cid',
pld=nsp,
)
)
# since the ext-type obj should also be set as the msg.pld
assert nsp_bytes in msg_bytes
started_rt: Started = nsp_codec.decode(msg_bytes)
pld: Raw = started_rt.pld
assert isinstance(pld, Raw)
nsp_rt: NamespacePath = nsp_pld_dec.decode(pld)
assert isinstance(nsp_rt, NamespacePath)
# in obj comparison terms they should be the same
assert nsp_rt == nsp
# ensure we've decoded to ext type!
assert nsp_rt.load_ref() is ex_func
except TypeError:
if not add_codec_hooks:
pass
@tractor.context
async def sleep_forever_in_sub(
ctx: Context,
) -> None:
await trio.sleep_forever()
def mk_custom_codec(
add_hooks: bool,
) -> tuple[
MsgCodec, # encode to send
MsgDec, # pld receive-n-decode
]:
'''
Create custom `msgpack` enc/dec-hooks and set a `Decoder`
which only loads `pld_spec` (like `NamespacePath`) types.
'''
# XXX NOTE XXX: despite defining `NamespacePath` as a type
# field on our `PayloadMsg.pld`, we still need a enc/dec_hook() pair
# to cast to/from that type on the wire. See the docs:
# https://jcristharif.com/msgspec/extending.html#mapping-to-from-native-types
# if pld_spec is Any:
# pld_spec = Raw
nsp_codec: MsgCodec = mk_codec(
# ipc_pld_spec=Raw, # default!
# NOTE XXX: the encode hook MUST be used no matter what since
# our `NamespacePath` is not any of a `Any` native type nor
# a `msgspec.Struct` subtype - so `msgspec` has no way to know
# how to encode it unless we provide the custom hook.
#
# AGAIN that is, regardless of whether we spec an
# `Any`-decoded-pld the enc has no knowledge (by default)
# how to enc `NamespacePath` (nsp), so we add a custom
# hook to do that ALWAYS.
enc_hook=enc_nsp if add_hooks else None,
# XXX NOTE: pretty sure this is mutex with the `type=` to
# `Decoder`? so it won't work in tandem with the
# `ipc_pld_spec` passed above?
ext_types=[NamespacePath],
)
# dec_hook=dec_nsp if add_hooks else None,
return nsp_codec
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'limit_plds_args',
[
(
{'dec_hook': None, 'ext_types': None},
None,
),
(
{'dec_hook': dec_nsp, 'ext_types': None},
TypeError,
),
(
{'dec_hook': dec_nsp, 'ext_types': [NamespacePath]},
None,
),
(
{'dec_hook': dec_nsp, 'ext_types': [NamespacePath|None]},
None,
),
],
ids=[
'no_hook_no_ext_types',
'only_hook',
'hook_and_ext_types',
'hook_and_ext_types_w_null',
]
)
def test_pld_limiting_usage(
limit_plds_args: tuple[dict, Exception|None],
):
'''
Verify `dec_hook()` and `ext_types` need to either both be
provided or we raise a explanator type-error.
'''
kwargs, maybe_err = limit_plds_args
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery() as an: # just to open runtime
# XXX SHOULD NEVER WORK outside an ipc ctx scope!
try:
with limit_plds(**kwargs):
pass
except RuntimeError:
pass
p: tractor.Portal = await an.start_actor(
'sub',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
async with (
p.open_context(
sleep_forever_in_sub
) as (ctx, first),
):
try:
with limit_plds(**kwargs):
pass
except maybe_err as exc:
assert type(exc) is maybe_err
pass
def chk_codec_applied(
expect_codec: MsgCodec|None,
enter_value: MsgCodec|None = None,
) -> MsgCodec:
'''
buncha sanity checks ensuring that the IPC channel's
context-vars are set to the expected codec and that are
ctx-var wrapper APIs match the same.
'''
# TODO: play with tricyle again, bc this is supposed to work
# the way we want?
#
# TreeVar
# task: trio.Task = trio.lowlevel.current_task()
# curr_codec = _ctxvar_MsgCodec.get_in(task)
# ContextVar
# task_ctx: Context = task.context
# assert _ctxvar_MsgCodec in task_ctx
# curr_codec: MsgCodec = task.context[_ctxvar_MsgCodec]
if expect_codec is None:
assert enter_value is None
return
# NOTE: currently we use this!
# RunVar
curr_codec: MsgCodec = current_codec()
last_read_codec = _ctxvar_MsgCodec.get()
# assert curr_codec is last_read_codec
assert (
(same_codec := expect_codec) is
# returned from `mk_codec()`
# yielded value from `apply_codec()`
# read from current task's `contextvars.Context`
curr_codec is
last_read_codec
# the default `msgspec` settings
is not _codec._def_msgspec_codec
is not _codec._def_tractor_codec
)
if enter_value:
assert enter_value is same_codec
@tractor.context
async def send_back_values(
ctx: Context,
rent_pld_spec_type_strs: list[str],
add_hooks: bool,
) -> None:
'''
Setup up a custom codec to load instances of `NamespacePath`
and ensure we can round trip a func ref with our parent.
'''
uid: tuple = tractor.current_actor().uid
# init state in sub-actor should be default
chk_codec_applied(
expect_codec=_codec._def_tractor_codec,
)
# load pld spec from input str
rent_pld_spec = _exts.dec_type_union(
rent_pld_spec_type_strs,
mods=[
importlib.import_module(__name__),
],
)
rent_pld_spec_types: set[Type] = _codec.unpack_spec_types(
rent_pld_spec,
)
# ONLY add ext-hooks if the rent specified a non-std type!
add_hooks: bool = (
NamespacePath in rent_pld_spec_types
and
add_hooks
)
# same as on parent side config.
nsp_codec: MsgCodec|None = None
if add_hooks:
nsp_codec = mk_codec(
enc_hook=enc_nsp,
ext_types=[NamespacePath],
)
with (
maybe_apply_codec(nsp_codec) as codec,
limit_plds(
rent_pld_spec,
dec_hook=dec_nsp if add_hooks else None,
ext_types=[NamespacePath] if add_hooks else None,
) as pld_dec,
):
# ?XXX? SHOULD WE NOT be swapping the global codec since it
# breaks `Context.started()` roundtripping checks??
chk_codec_applied(
expect_codec=nsp_codec,
enter_value=codec,
)
# ?TODO, mismatch case(s)?
#
# ensure pld spec matches on both sides
ctx_pld_dec: MsgDec = ctx._pld_rx._pld_dec
assert pld_dec is ctx_pld_dec
child_pld_spec: Type = pld_dec.spec
child_pld_spec_types: set[Type] = _codec.unpack_spec_types(
child_pld_spec,
)
assert (
child_pld_spec_types.issuperset(
rent_pld_spec_types
)
)
# ?TODO, try loop for each of the types in pld-superset?
#
# for send_value in [
# nsp,
# str(nsp),
# None,
# ]:
nsp = NamespacePath.from_ref(ex_func)
try:
print(
f'{uid}: attempting to `.started({nsp})`\n'
f'\n'
f'rent_pld_spec: {rent_pld_spec}\n'
f'child_pld_spec: {child_pld_spec}\n'
f'codec: {codec}\n'
)
# await tractor.pause()
await ctx.started(nsp)
except tractor.MsgTypeError as _mte:
mte = _mte
# false -ve case
if add_hooks:
raise RuntimeError(
f'EXPECTED to `.started()` value given spec ??\n\n'
f'child_pld_spec -> {child_pld_spec}\n'
f'value = {nsp}: {type(nsp)}\n'
)
# true -ve case
raise mte
# TODO: maybe we should add our own wrapper error so as to
# be interchange-lib agnostic?
# -[ ] the error type is wtv is raised from the hook so we
# could also require a type-class of errors for
# indicating whether the hook-failure can be handled by
# a nasty-dialog-unprot sub-sys?
except TypeError as typerr:
# false -ve
if add_hooks:
raise RuntimeError('Should have been able to send `nsp`??')
# true -ve
print('Failed to send `nsp` due to no ext hooks set!')
raise typerr
# now try sending a set of valid and invalid plds to ensure
# the pld spec is respected.
sent: list[Any] = []
async with ctx.open_stream() as ipc:
print(
f'{uid}: streaming all pld types to rent..'
)
# for send_value, expect_send in iter_send_val_items:
for send_value in [
nsp,
str(nsp),
None,
]:
send_type: Type = type(send_value)
print(
f'{uid}: SENDING NEXT pld\n'
f'send_type: {send_type}\n'
f'send_value: {send_value}\n'
)
try:
await ipc.send(send_value)
sent.append(send_value)
except ValidationError as valerr:
print(f'{uid} FAILED TO SEND {send_value}!')
# false -ve
if add_hooks:
raise RuntimeError(
f'EXPECTED to roundtrip value given spec:\n'
f'rent_pld_spec -> {rent_pld_spec}\n'
f'child_pld_spec -> {child_pld_spec}\n'
f'value = {send_value}: {send_type}\n'
)
# true -ve
raise valerr
# continue
else:
print(
f'{uid}: finished sending all values\n'
'Should be exiting stream block!\n'
)
print(f'{uid}: exited streaming block!')
@cm
def maybe_apply_codec(codec: MsgCodec|None) -> MsgCodec|None:
if codec is None:
yield None
return
with apply_codec(codec) as codec:
yield codec
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'pld_spec',
[
Any,
NamespacePath,
NamespacePath|None, # the "maybe" spec Bo
],
ids=[
'any_type',
'only_nsp_ext',
'maybe_nsp_ext',
]
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'add_hooks',
[
True,
False,
],
ids=[
'use_codec_hooks',
'no_codec_hooks',
],
)
def test_ext_types_over_ipc(
debug_mode: bool,
pld_spec: Union[Type],
add_hooks: bool,
):
'''
Ensure we can support extension types coverted using
`enc/dec_hook()`s passed to the `.msg.limit_plds()` API
and that sane errors happen when we try do the same without
the codec hooks.
'''
pld_types: set[Type] = _codec.unpack_spec_types(pld_spec)
async def main():
# sanity check the default pld-spec beforehand
chk_codec_applied(
expect_codec=_codec._def_tractor_codec,
)
# extension type we want to send as msg payload
nsp = NamespacePath.from_ref(ex_func)
# ^NOTE, 2 cases:
# - codec hooks noto added -> decode nsp as `str`
# - codec with hooks -> decode nsp as `NamespacePath`
nsp_codec: MsgCodec|None = None
if (
NamespacePath in pld_types
and
add_hooks
):
nsp_codec = mk_codec(
enc_hook=enc_nsp,
ext_types=[NamespacePath],
)
async with tractor.open_nursery(
debug_mode=debug_mode,
) as an:
p: tractor.Portal = await an.start_actor(
'sub',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
with (
maybe_apply_codec(nsp_codec) as codec,
):
chk_codec_applied(
expect_codec=nsp_codec,
enter_value=codec,
)
rent_pld_spec_type_strs: list[str] = _exts.enc_type_union(pld_spec)
# XXX should raise an mte (`MsgTypeError`)
# when `add_hooks == False` bc the input
# `expect_ipc_send` kwarg has a nsp which can't be
# serialized!
#
# TODO:can we ensure this happens from the
# `Return`-side (aka the sub) as well?
try:
ctx: tractor.Context
ipc: tractor.MsgStream
async with (
# XXX should raise an mte (`MsgTypeError`)
# when `add_hooks == False`..
p.open_context(
send_back_values,
# expect_debug=debug_mode,
rent_pld_spec_type_strs=rent_pld_spec_type_strs,
add_hooks=add_hooks,
# expect_ipc_send=expect_ipc_send,
) as (ctx, first),
ctx.open_stream() as ipc,
):
with (
limit_plds(
pld_spec,
dec_hook=dec_nsp if add_hooks else None,
ext_types=[NamespacePath] if add_hooks else None,
) as pld_dec,
):
ctx_pld_dec: MsgDec = ctx._pld_rx._pld_dec
assert pld_dec is ctx_pld_dec
# if (
# not add_hooks
# and
# NamespacePath in
# ):
# pytest.fail('ctx should fail to open without custom enc_hook!?')
await ipc.send(nsp)
nsp_rt = await ipc.receive()
assert nsp_rt == nsp
assert nsp_rt.load_ref() is ex_func
# this test passes bc we can go no further!
except MsgTypeError as mte:
# if not add_hooks:
# # teardown nursery
# await p.cancel_actor()
# return
raise mte
await p.cancel_actor()
if (
NamespacePath in pld_types
and
add_hooks
):
trio.run(main)
else:
with pytest.raises(
expected_exception=tractor.RemoteActorError,
) as excinfo:
trio.run(main)
exc = excinfo.value
# bc `.started(nsp: NamespacePath)` will raise
assert exc.boxed_type is TypeError
# def chk_pld_type(
# payload_spec: Type[Struct]|Any,
# pld: Any,
# expect_roundtrip: bool|None = None,
# ) -> bool:
# pld_val_type: Type = type(pld)
# # TODO: verify that the overridden subtypes
# # DO NOT have modified type-annots from original!
# # 'Start', .pld: FuncSpec
# # 'StartAck', .pld: IpcCtxSpec
# # 'Stop', .pld: UNSEt
# # 'Error', .pld: ErrorData
# codec: MsgCodec = mk_codec(
# # NOTE: this ONLY accepts `PayloadMsg.pld` fields of a specified
# # type union.
# ipc_pld_spec=payload_spec,
# )
# # make a one-off dec to compare with our `MsgCodec` instance
# # which does the below `mk_msg_spec()` call internally
# ipc_msg_spec: Union[Type[Struct]]
# msg_types: list[PayloadMsg[payload_spec]]
# (
# ipc_msg_spec,
# msg_types,
# ) = mk_msg_spec(
# payload_type_union=payload_spec,
# )
# _enc = msgpack.Encoder()
# _dec = msgpack.Decoder(
# type=ipc_msg_spec or Any, # like `PayloadMsg[Any]`
# )
# assert (
# payload_spec
# ==
# codec.pld_spec
# )
# # assert codec.dec == dec
# #
# # ^-XXX-^ not sure why these aren't "equal" but when cast
# # to `str` they seem to match ?? .. kk
# assert (
# str(ipc_msg_spec)
# ==
# str(codec.msg_spec)
# ==
# str(_dec.type)
# ==
# str(codec.dec.type)
# )
# # verify the boxed-type for all variable payload-type msgs.
# if not msg_types:
# breakpoint()
# roundtrip: bool|None = None
# pld_spec_msg_names: list[str] = [
# td.__name__ for td in _payload_msgs
# ]
# for typedef in msg_types:
# skip_runtime_msg: bool = typedef.__name__ not in pld_spec_msg_names
# if skip_runtime_msg:
# continue
# pld_field = structs.fields(typedef)[1]
# assert pld_field.type is payload_spec # TODO-^ does this need to work to get all subtypes to adhere?
# kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
# 'cid': '666',
# 'pld': pld,
# }
# enc_msg: PayloadMsg = typedef(**kwargs)
# _wire_bytes: bytes = _enc.encode(enc_msg)
# wire_bytes: bytes = codec.enc.encode(enc_msg)
# assert _wire_bytes == wire_bytes
# ve: ValidationError|None = None
# try:
# dec_msg = codec.dec.decode(wire_bytes)
# _dec_msg = _dec.decode(wire_bytes)
# # decoded msg and thus payload should be exactly same!
# assert (roundtrip := (
# _dec_msg
# ==
# dec_msg
# ==
# enc_msg
# ))
# if (
# expect_roundtrip is not None
# and expect_roundtrip != roundtrip
# ):
# breakpoint()
# assert (
# pld
# ==
# dec_msg.pld
# ==
# enc_msg.pld
# )
# # assert (roundtrip := (_dec_msg == enc_msg))
# except ValidationError as _ve:
# ve = _ve
# roundtrip: bool = False
# if pld_val_type is payload_spec:
# raise ValueError(
# 'Got `ValidationError` despite type-var match!?\n'
# f'pld_val_type: {pld_val_type}\n'
# f'payload_type: {payload_spec}\n'
# ) from ve
# else:
# # ow we good cuz the pld spec mismatched.
# print(
# 'Got expected `ValidationError` since,\n'
# f'{pld_val_type} is not {payload_spec}\n'
# )
# else:
# if (
# payload_spec is not Any
# and
# pld_val_type is not payload_spec
# ):
# raise ValueError(
# 'DID NOT `ValidationError` despite expected type match!?\n'
# f'pld_val_type: {pld_val_type}\n'
# f'payload_type: {payload_spec}\n'
# )
# # full code decode should always be attempted!
# if roundtrip is None:
# breakpoint()
# return roundtrip
# ?TODO? maybe remove since covered in the newer `test_pldrx_limiting`
# via end-2-end testing of all this?
# -[ ] IOW do we really NEED this lowlevel unit testing?
#
# def test_limit_msgspec(
# debug_mode: bool,
# ):
# '''
# Internals unit testing to verify that type-limiting an IPC ctx's
# msg spec with `Pldrx.limit_plds()` results in various
# encapsulated `msgspec` object settings and state.
# '''
# async def main():
# async with tractor.open_root_actor(
# debug_mode=debug_mode,
# ):
# # ensure we can round-trip a boxing `PayloadMsg`
# assert chk_pld_type(
# payload_spec=Any,
# pld=None,
# expect_roundtrip=True,
# )
# # verify that a mis-typed payload value won't decode
# assert not chk_pld_type(
# payload_spec=int,
# pld='doggy',
# )
# # parametrize the boxed `.pld` type as a custom-struct
# # and ensure that parametrization propagates
# # to all payload-msg-spec-able subtypes!
# class CustomPayload(Struct):
# name: str
# value: Any
# assert not chk_pld_type(
# payload_spec=CustomPayload,
# pld='doggy',
# )
# assert chk_pld_type(
# payload_spec=CustomPayload,
# pld=CustomPayload(name='doggy', value='urmom')
# )
# # yah, we can `.pause_from_sync()` now!
# # breakpoint()
# trio.run(main)

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@ -1,355 +0,0 @@
"""
Streaming via async gen api
"""
import time
from functools import partial
import platform
import trio
import tractor
import pytest
from tractor._testing import tractor_test
def test_must_define_ctx():
with pytest.raises(TypeError) as err:
@tractor.stream
async def no_ctx():
pass
assert "no_ctx must be `ctx: tractor.Context" in str(err.value)
@tractor.stream
async def has_ctx(ctx):
pass
async def async_gen_stream(sequence):
for i in sequence:
yield i
await trio.sleep(0.1)
# block indefinitely waiting to be cancelled by ``aclose()`` call
with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
await trio.sleep_forever()
assert 0
assert cs.cancelled_caught
# TODO: deprecated either remove entirely
# or re-impl in terms of `MsgStream` one-sides
# wrapper, but at least remove `Portal.open_stream_from()`
@tractor.stream
async def context_stream(
ctx: tractor.Context,
sequence: list[int],
):
for i in sequence:
await ctx.send_yield(i)
await trio.sleep(0.1)
# block indefinitely waiting to be cancelled by ``aclose()`` call
with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
await trio.sleep(float('inf'))
assert 0
assert cs.cancelled_caught
async def stream_from_single_subactor(
reg_addr,
start_method,
stream_func,
):
"""Verify we can spawn a daemon actor and retrieve streamed data.
"""
# only one per host address, spawns an actor if None
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
start_method=start_method,
) as nursery:
async with tractor.find_actor('streamerd') as portals:
if not portals:
# no brokerd actor found
portal = await nursery.start_actor(
'streamerd',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
seq = range(10)
with trio.fail_after(5):
async with portal.open_stream_from(
stream_func,
sequence=list(seq), # has to be msgpack serializable
) as stream:
# it'd sure be nice to have an asyncitertools here...
iseq = iter(seq)
ival = next(iseq)
async for val in stream:
assert val == ival
try:
ival = next(iseq)
except StopIteration:
# should cancel far end task which will be
# caught and no error is raised
await stream.aclose()
await trio.sleep(0.3)
# ensure EOC signalled-state translates
# XXX: not really sure this is correct,
# shouldn't it be a `ClosedResourceError`?
try:
await stream.__anext__()
except StopAsyncIteration:
# stop all spawned subactors
await portal.cancel_actor()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'stream_func', [async_gen_stream, context_stream]
)
def test_stream_from_single_subactor(reg_addr, start_method, stream_func):
"""Verify streaming from a spawned async generator.
"""
trio.run(
partial(
stream_from_single_subactor,
reg_addr,
start_method,
stream_func=stream_func,
),
)
# this is the first 2 actors, streamer_1 and streamer_2
async def stream_data(seed):
for i in range(seed):
yield i
# trigger scheduler to simulate practical usage
await trio.sleep(0.0001)
# this is the third actor; the aggregator
async def aggregate(seed):
"""Ensure that the two streams we receive match but only stream
a single set of values to the parent.
"""
async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
portals = []
for i in range(1, 3):
# fork point
portal = await nursery.start_actor(
name=f'streamer_{i}',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
portals.append(portal)
send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(500)
async def push_to_chan(portal, send_chan):
async with send_chan:
async with portal.open_stream_from(
stream_data, seed=seed,
) as stream:
async for value in stream:
# leverage trio's built-in backpressure
await send_chan.send(value)
print(f"FINISHED ITERATING {portal.channel.uid}")
# spawn 2 trio tasks to collect streams and push to a local queue
async with trio.open_nursery() as n:
for portal in portals:
n.start_soon(push_to_chan, portal, send_chan.clone())
# close this local task's reference to send side
await send_chan.aclose()
unique_vals = set()
async with recv_chan:
async for value in recv_chan:
if value not in unique_vals:
unique_vals.add(value)
# yield upwards to the spawning parent actor
yield value
assert value in unique_vals
print("FINISHED ITERATING in aggregator")
await nursery.cancel()
print("WAITING on `ActorNursery` to finish")
print("AGGREGATOR COMPLETE!")
# this is the main actor and *arbiter*
async def a_quadruple_example():
# a nursery which spawns "actors"
async with tractor.open_nursery() as nursery:
seed = int(1e3)
pre_start = time.time()
portal = await nursery.start_actor(
name='aggregator',
enable_modules=[__name__],
)
start = time.time()
# the portal call returns exactly what you'd expect
# as if the remote "aggregate" function was called locally
result_stream = []
async with portal.open_stream_from(aggregate, seed=seed) as stream:
async for value in stream:
result_stream.append(value)
print(f"STREAM TIME = {time.time() - start}")
print(f"STREAM + SPAWN TIME = {time.time() - pre_start}")
assert result_stream == list(range(seed))
await portal.cancel_actor()
return result_stream
async def cancel_after(wait, reg_addr):
async with tractor.open_root_actor(registry_addrs=[reg_addr]):
with trio.move_on_after(wait):
return await a_quadruple_example()
@pytest.fixture(scope='module')
def time_quad_ex(reg_addr, ci_env, spawn_backend):
if spawn_backend == 'mp':
"""no idea but the mp *nix runs are flaking out here often...
"""
pytest.skip("Test is too flaky on mp in CI")
timeout = 7 if platform.system() in ('Windows', 'Darwin') else 4
start = time.time()
results = trio.run(cancel_after, timeout, reg_addr)
diff = time.time() - start
assert results
return results, diff
def test_a_quadruple_example(time_quad_ex, ci_env, spawn_backend):
"""This also serves as a kind of "we'd like to be this fast test"."""
results, diff = time_quad_ex
assert results
this_fast = 6 if platform.system() in ('Windows', 'Darwin') else 3
assert diff < this_fast
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'cancel_delay',
list(map(lambda i: i/10, range(3, 9)))
)
def test_not_fast_enough_quad(
reg_addr, time_quad_ex, cancel_delay, ci_env, spawn_backend
):
"""Verify we can cancel midway through the quad example and all actors
cancel gracefully.
"""
results, diff = time_quad_ex
delay = max(diff - cancel_delay, 0)
results = trio.run(cancel_after, delay, reg_addr)
system = platform.system()
if system in ('Windows', 'Darwin') and results is not None:
# In CI envoirments it seems later runs are quicker then the first
# so just ignore these
print(f"Woa there {system} caught your breath eh?")
else:
# should be cancelled mid-streaming
assert results is None
@tractor_test
async def test_respawn_consumer_task(
reg_addr,
spawn_backend,
loglevel,
):
"""Verify that ``._portal.ReceiveStream.shield()``
sucessfully protects the underlying IPC channel from being closed
when cancelling and respawning a consumer task.
This also serves to verify that all values from the stream can be
received despite the respawns.
"""
stream = None
async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
portal = await n.start_actor(
name='streamer',
enable_modules=[__name__]
)
async with portal.open_stream_from(
stream_data,
seed=11,
) as stream:
expect = set(range(11))
received = []
# this is the re-spawn task routine
async def consume(task_status=trio.TASK_STATUS_IGNORED):
print('starting consume task..')
nonlocal stream
with trio.CancelScope() as cs:
task_status.started(cs)
# shield stream's underlying channel from cancellation
# with stream.shield():
async for v in stream:
print(f'from stream: {v}')
expect.remove(v)
received.append(v)
print('exited consume')
async with trio.open_nursery() as ln:
cs = await ln.start(consume)
while True:
await trio.sleep(0.1)
if received[-1] % 2 == 0:
print('cancelling consume task..')
cs.cancel()
# respawn
cs = await ln.start(consume)
if not expect:
print("all values streamed, BREAKING")
break
cs.cancel()
# TODO: this is justification for a
# ``ActorNursery.stream_from_actor()`` helper?
await portal.cancel_actor()

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@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
"""
Arbiter and "local" actor api
"""
import time
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
from tractor._testing import tractor_test
@pytest.mark.trio
async def test_no_runtime():
"""An arbitter must be established before any nurseries
can be created.
(In other words ``tractor.open_root_actor()`` must be engaged at
some point?)
"""
with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) :
async with tractor.find_actor('doggy'):
pass
@tractor_test
async def test_self_is_registered(reg_addr):
"Verify waiting on the arbiter to register itself using the standard api."
actor = tractor.current_actor()
assert actor.is_arbiter
with trio.fail_after(0.2):
async with tractor.wait_for_actor('root') as portal:
assert portal.channel.uid[0] == 'root'
@tractor_test
async def test_self_is_registered_localportal(reg_addr):
"Verify waiting on the arbiter to register itself using a local portal."
actor = tractor.current_actor()
assert actor.is_arbiter
async with tractor.get_registry(*reg_addr) as portal:
assert isinstance(portal, tractor._portal.LocalPortal)
with trio.fail_after(0.2):
sockaddr = await portal.run_from_ns(
'self', 'wait_for_actor', name='root')
assert sockaddr[0] == reg_addr
def test_local_actor_async_func(reg_addr):
"""Verify a simple async function in-process.
"""
nums = []
async def print_loop():
async with tractor.open_root_actor(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
):
# arbiter is started in-proc if dne
assert tractor.current_actor().is_arbiter
for i in range(10):
nums.append(i)
await trio.sleep(0.1)
start = time.time()
trio.run(print_loop)
# ensure the sleeps were actually awaited
assert time.time() - start >= 1
assert nums == list(range(10))

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@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
"""
Multiple python programs invoking the runtime.
"""
import platform
import time
import pytest
import trio
import tractor
from tractor._testing import (
tractor_test,
)
from .conftest import (
sig_prog,
_INT_SIGNAL,
_INT_RETURN_CODE,
)
def test_abort_on_sigint(daemon):
assert daemon.returncode is None
time.sleep(0.1)
sig_prog(daemon, _INT_SIGNAL)
assert daemon.returncode == _INT_RETURN_CODE
# XXX: oddly, couldn't get capfd.readouterr() to work here?
if platform.system() != 'Windows':
# don't check stderr on windows as its empty when sending CTRL_C_EVENT
assert "KeyboardInterrupt" in str(daemon.stderr.read())
@tractor_test
async def test_cancel_remote_arbiter(daemon, reg_addr):
assert not tractor.current_actor().is_arbiter
async with tractor.get_registry(*reg_addr) as portal:
await portal.cancel_actor()
time.sleep(0.1)
# the arbiter channel server is cancelled but not its main task
assert daemon.returncode is None
# no arbiter socket should exist
with pytest.raises(OSError):
async with tractor.get_registry(*reg_addr) as portal:
pass
def test_register_duplicate_name(daemon, reg_addr):
async def main():
async with tractor.open_nursery(
registry_addrs=[reg_addr],
) as n:
assert not tractor.current_actor().is_arbiter
p1 = await n.start_actor('doggy')
p2 = await n.start_actor('doggy')
async with tractor.wait_for_actor('doggy') as portal:
assert portal.channel.uid in (p2.channel.uid, p1.channel.uid)
await n.cancel()
# run it manually since we want to start **after**
# the other "daemon" program
trio.run(main)

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