More thurough hard kill doc strings

Allows forcing the opened actor to either obtain the passed registry
addrs or raise a runtime error.

tests/test_context_stream_semantics.py

@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ from typing import Optional
 import pytest
 import trio
 import tractor
+from tractor import (
+    Actor,
+    Context,
+    current_actor,
+)
 from tractor._exceptions import (
     StreamOverrun,
     ContextCancelled,
@@ -193,9 +198,6 @@ def test_simple_context(
                         else:
                             assert await ctx.result() == 'yo'
 
-                        if not error_parent:
-                            await ctx.cancel()
-
                         if pointlessly_open_stream:
                             async with ctx.open_stream():
                                 if error_parent:
@@ -208,10 +210,15 @@ def test_simple_context(
                                     # 'stop' msg to the far end which needs
                                     # to be ignored
                                     pass
+
                         else:
                             if error_parent:
                                 raise error_parent
 
+                            # cancel AFTER we open a stream
+                            # to avoid a cancel raised inside
+                            # `.open_stream()`
+                            await ctx.cancel()
                 finally:
 
                     # after cancellation
@@ -276,7 +283,7 @@ def test_caller_cancels(
             assert (
                 tuple(err.canceller)
                 ==
-                tractor.current_actor().uid
+                current_actor().uid
             )
 
     async def main():
@@ -430,9 +437,11 @@ async def test_caller_closes_ctx_after_callee_opens_stream(
 ):
     'caller context closes without using stream'
 
-    async with tractor.open_nursery() as n:
+    async with tractor.open_nursery() as an:
 
-        portal = await n.start_actor(
+        root: Actor = current_actor()
+
+        portal = await an.start_actor(
             'ctx_cancelled',
             enable_modules=[__name__],
         )
@@ -440,10 +449,10 @@ async def test_caller_closes_ctx_after_callee_opens_stream(
         async with portal.open_context(
             expect_cancelled,
         ) as (ctx, sent):
-            await portal.run(assert_state, value=True)
-
             assert sent is None
 
+            await portal.run(assert_state, value=True)
+
             # call cancel explicitly
             if use_ctx_cancel_method:
 
@@ -454,8 +463,21 @@ async def test_caller_closes_ctx_after_callee_opens_stream(
                         async for msg in stream:
                             pass
 
-                except tractor.ContextCancelled:
-                    raise  # XXX: must be propagated to __aexit__
+                except tractor.ContextCancelled as ctxc:
+                    # XXX: the cause is US since we call
+                    # `Context.cancel()` just above!
+                    assert (
+                        ctxc.canceller
+                        ==
+                        current_actor().uid
+                        ==
+                        root.uid
+                    )
+
+                    # XXX: must be propagated to __aexit__
+                    # and should be silently absorbed there
+                    # since we called `.cancel()` just above ;)
+                    raise
 
                 else:
                     assert 0, "Should have context cancelled?"
@@ -472,7 +494,13 @@ async def test_caller_closes_ctx_after_callee_opens_stream(
                         await ctx.result()
                         assert 0, "Callee should have blocked!?"
                 except trio.TooSlowError:
+                    # NO-OP -> since already called above
                     await ctx.cancel()
+
+        # local scope should have absorbed the cancellation
+        assert ctx.cancelled_caught
+        assert ctx._remote_error is ctx._local_error
+
         try:
             async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
                 async for msg in stream:
@@ -551,19 +579,25 @@ async def cancel_self(
     global _state
     _state = True
 
+    # since we call this the below `.open_stream()` should always
+    # error!
     await ctx.cancel()
 
     # should inline raise immediately
     try:
         async with ctx.open_stream():
             pass
-    except tractor.ContextCancelled:
+    # except tractor.ContextCancelled:
+    except RuntimeError:
         # suppress for now so we can do checkpoint tests below
-        pass
+        print('Got expected runtime error for stream-after-cancel')
+
     else:
         raise RuntimeError('Context didnt cancel itself?!')
 
-    # check a real ``trio.Cancelled`` is raised on a checkpoint
+    # check that``trio.Cancelled`` is now raised on any further
+    # checkpoints since the self cancel above will have cancelled
+    # the `Context._scope.cancel_scope: trio.CancelScope`
     try:
         with trio.fail_after(0.1):
             await trio.sleep_forever()
@@ -574,6 +608,7 @@ async def cancel_self(
         # should never get here
         assert 0
 
+    raise RuntimeError('Context didnt cancel itself?!')
 
 @tractor_test
 async def test_callee_cancels_before_started():
@@ -601,7 +636,7 @@ async def test_callee_cancels_before_started():
             ce.type == trio.Cancelled
 
             # the traceback should be informative
-            assert 'cancelled itself' in ce.msgdata['tb_str']
+            assert 'itself' in ce.msgdata['tb_str']
 
         # teardown the actor
         await portal.cancel_actor()
@@ -773,7 +808,7 @@ async def echo_back_sequence(
 
     print(
         'EXITING CALLEEE:\n'
-        f'{ctx.cancel_called_remote}'
+        f'{ctx.canceller}'
     )
     return 'yo'
 
@@ -871,7 +906,7 @@ def test_maybe_allow_overruns_stream(
 
             if cancel_ctx:
                 assert isinstance(res, ContextCancelled)
-                assert tuple(res.canceller) == tractor.current_actor().uid
+                assert tuple(res.canceller) == current_actor().uid
 
             else:
                 print(f'RX ROOT SIDE RESULT {res}')

tests/test_infected_asyncio.py

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def test_context_spawns_aio_task_that_errors(
 
                     await trio.sleep_forever()
 
-        return await ctx.result()
+                return await ctx.result()
 
     if parent_cancels:
         # bc the parent made the cancel request,

tests/test_inter_peer_cancellation.py

@@ -15,6 +15,26 @@ from tractor import (  # typing
     ContextCancelled,
 )
 
+# XXX TODO cases:
+# - [ ] peer cancelled itself - so other peers should
+#   get errors reflecting that the peer was itself the .canceller?
+
+# - [x] WE cancelled the peer and thus should not see any raised
+#   `ContextCancelled` as it should be reaped silently?
+#   => pretty sure `test_context_stream_semantics::test_caller_cancels()`
+#      already covers this case?
+
+# - [x] INTER-PEER: some arbitrary remote peer cancels via
+#   Portal.cancel_actor().
+#   => all other connected peers should get that cancel requesting peer's
+#      uid in the ctx-cancelled error msg raised in all open ctxs
+#      with that peer.
+
+# - [ ] PEER-FAILS-BY-CHILD-ERROR: peer spawned a sub-actor which
+#   (also) spawned a failing task which was unhandled and
+#   propagated up to the immediate parent - the peer to the actor
+#   that also spawned a remote task task in that same peer-parent.
+
 
 # def test_self_cancel():
 #     '''
@@ -29,14 +49,30 @@ from tractor import (  # typing
 @tractor.context
 async def sleep_forever(
     ctx: Context,
+    expect_ctxc: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
     '''
     Sync the context, open a stream then just sleep.
 
+    Allow checking for (context) cancellation locally.
+
     '''
-    await ctx.started()
-    async with ctx.open_stream():
-        await trio.sleep_forever()
+    try:
+        await ctx.started()
+        async with ctx.open_stream():
+            await trio.sleep_forever()
+
+    except BaseException as berr:
+
+        # TODO: it'd sure be nice to be able to inject our own
+        # `ContextCancelled` here instead of of `trio.Cancelled`
+        # so that our runtime can expect it and this "user code"
+        # would be able to tell the diff between a generic trio
+        # cancel and a tractor runtime-IPC cancel.
+        if expect_ctxc:
+            assert isinstance(berr, trio.Cancelled)
+
+        raise
 
 
 @tractor.context
@@ -145,6 +181,7 @@ async def stream_ints(
     async with ctx.open_stream() as stream:
         for i in itertools.count():
             await stream.send(i)
+            await trio.sleep(0.01)
 
 
 @tractor.context
@@ -161,73 +198,81 @@ async def stream_from_peer(
             peer_ctx.open_stream() as stream,
         ):
             await ctx.started()
-            # XXX TODO: big set of questions for this
+            # XXX QUESTIONS & TODO: for further details around this
+            # in the longer run..
+            # https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/368
             # - should we raise `ContextCancelled` or `Cancelled` (rn
-            #   it does that) here?!
-            # - test the `ContextCancelled` OUTSIDE the
-            #   `.open_context()` call?
-            try:
-                async for msg in stream:
-                    print(msg)
-
-            except trio.Cancelled:
-                assert not ctx.cancel_called
-                assert not ctx.cancelled_caught
-
-                assert not peer_ctx.cancel_called
-                assert not peer_ctx.cancelled_caught
-
-                assert 'root' in ctx.cancel_called_remote
-
-                raise  # XXX MUST NEVER MASK IT!!
-
-            with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
-                await tractor.pause()
-            # pass
-            # pytest.fail(
-            raise RuntimeError(
-                'peer never triggered local `[Context]Cancelled`?!?'
-            )
+            #   it does latter) and should/could it be implemented
+            #   as a general injection override for `trio` such
+            #   that ANY next checkpoint would raise the "cancel
+            #   error type" of choice?
+            # - should the `ContextCancelled` bubble from
+            #   all `Context` and `MsgStream` apis wherein it
+            #   prolly makes the most sense to make it
+            #   a `trio.Cancelled` subtype?
+            # - what about IPC-transport specific errors, should
+            #   they bubble from the async for and trigger
+            #   other special cases?
+            # NOTE: current ctl flow:
+            # - stream raises `trio.EndOfChannel` and
+            #   exits the loop
+            # - `.open_context()` will raise the ctxcanc
+            #   received from the sleeper.
+            async for msg in stream:
+                assert msg is not None
+                print(msg)
 
     # NOTE: cancellation of the (sleeper) peer should always
     # cause a `ContextCancelled` raise in this streaming
     # actor.
     except ContextCancelled as ctxerr:
-        assert ctxerr.canceller == 'canceller'
-        assert ctxerr._remote_error is ctxerr
+        err = ctxerr
+        assert peer_ctx._remote_error is ctxerr
+        assert peer_ctx.canceller == ctxerr.canceller
+
+        # caller peer should not be the cancel requester
+        assert not ctx.cancel_called
+        # XXX can never be true since `._invoke` only
+        # sets this AFTER the nursery block this task
+        # was started in, exits.
+        assert not ctx.cancelled_caught
+
+        # we never requested cancellation
+        assert not peer_ctx.cancel_called
+        # the `.open_context()` exit definitely caught
+        # a cancellation in the internal `Context._scope` since
+        # likely the runtime called `_deliver_msg()` after
+        # receiving the remote error from the streaming task.
+        assert peer_ctx.cancelled_caught
+
+        # TODO / NOTE `.canceller` won't have been set yet
+        # here because that machinery is inside
+        # `.open_context().__aexit__()` BUT, if we had
+        # a way to know immediately (from the last
+        # checkpoint) that cancellation was due to
+        # a remote, we COULD assert this here..see,
+        # https://github.com/goodboy/tractor/issues/368
+
+        # root/parent actor task should NEVER HAVE cancelled us!
+        assert not ctx.canceller
+        assert 'canceller' in peer_ctx.canceller
 
-        # CASE 1: we were cancelled by our parent, the root actor.
-        # TODO: there are other cases depending on how the root
-        # actor and it's caller side task are written:
-        # - if the root does not req us to cancel then an
-        # IPC-transport related error should bubble from the async
-        # for loop and thus cause local cancellation both here
-        # and in the root (since in that case this task cancels the
-        # context with the root, not the other way around)
-        assert ctx.cancel_called_remote[0] == 'root'
         raise
+        # TODO: IN THEORY we could have other cases depending on
+        # who cancels first, the root actor or the canceller peer?.
+        #
+        # 1- when the peer request is first then the `.canceller`
+        #   field should obvi be set to the 'canceller' uid,
+        #
+        # 2-if the root DOES req cancel then we should see the same
+        #   `trio.Cancelled` implicitly raised
+        # assert ctx.canceller[0] == 'root'
+        # assert peer_ctx.canceller[0] == 'sleeper'
 
-    # except BaseException as err:
+    raise RuntimeError(
+        'peer never triggered local `ContextCancelled`?'
+    )
 
-    #     raise
-
-# cases:
-# - some arbitrary remote peer cancels via Portal.cancel_actor().
-#   => all other connected peers should get that cancel requesting peer's
-#      uid in the ctx-cancelled error msg.
-
-# - peer spawned a sub-actor which (also) spawned a failing task
-#   which was unhandled and propagated up to the immediate
-#   parent, the peer to the actor that also spawned a remote task
-#   task in that same peer-parent.
-
-# - peer cancelled itself - so other peers should
-#   get errors reflecting that the peer was itself the .canceller?
-
-# - WE cancelled the peer and thus should not see any raised
-#   `ContextCancelled` as it should be reaped silently?
-#   => pretty sure `test_context_stream_semantics::test_caller_cancels()`
-#      already covers this case?
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     'error_during_ctxerr_handling',
@@ -251,8 +296,8 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
         line and be less indented.
 
     .actor0> ()-> .actor1>
-        a inter-actor task context opened (by `async with `Portal.open_context()`)
-        from actor0 *into* actor1.
+        a inter-actor task context opened (by `async with
+        `Portal.open_context()`) from actor0 *into* actor1.
 
     .actor0> ()<=> .actor1>
         a inter-actor task context opened (as above)
@@ -287,11 +332,12 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
     5. .canceller> ()-> .sleeper>
         - calls `Portal.cancel_actor()`
 
-
     '''
-
     async def main():
-        async with tractor.open_nursery() as an:
+        async with tractor.open_nursery(
+            # NOTE: to halt the peer tasks on ctxc, uncomment this.
+            # debug_mode=True
+        ) as an:
             canceller: Portal = await an.start_actor(
                 'canceller',
                 enable_modules=[__name__],
@@ -305,10 +351,13 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
                 enable_modules=[__name__],
             )
 
+            root = tractor.current_actor()
+
             try:
                 async with (
                     sleeper.open_context(
                         sleep_forever,
+                        expect_ctxc=True,
                     ) as (sleeper_ctx, sent),
 
                     just_caller.open_context(
@@ -335,16 +384,15 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
                             'Context.result() did not raise ctx-cancelled?'
                         )
 
-                    # TODO: not sure why this isn't catching
-                    # but maybe we need an `ExceptionGroup` and
-                    # the whole except *errs: thinger in 3.11?
+                    # should always raise since this root task does
+                    # not request the sleeper cancellation ;)
                     except ContextCancelled as ctxerr:
                         print(f'CAUGHT REMOTE CONTEXT CANCEL {ctxerr}')
 
                         # canceller and caller peers should not
                         # have been remotely cancelled.
-                        assert canceller_ctx.cancel_called_remote is None
-                        assert caller_ctx.cancel_called_remote is None
+                        assert canceller_ctx.canceller is None
+                        assert caller_ctx.canceller is None
 
                         assert ctxerr.canceller[0] == 'canceller'
 
@@ -355,16 +403,14 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
                         # block it should be.
                         assert not sleeper_ctx.cancelled_caught
 
-                        # TODO: a test which ensures this error is
-                        # bubbled and caught (NOT MASKED) by the
-                        # runtime!!! 
                         if error_during_ctxerr_handling:
                             raise RuntimeError('Simulated error during teardown')
 
                         raise
 
-                    # SHOULD NEVER GET HERE!
-                    except BaseException:
+                    # XXX SHOULD NEVER EVER GET HERE XXX
+                    except BaseException as berr:
+                        err = berr
                         pytest.fail('did not rx ctx-cancelled error?')
                     else:
                         pytest.fail('did not rx ctx-cancelled error?')
@@ -375,6 +421,20 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
             )as ctxerr:
                 _err = ctxerr
 
+                # NOTE: the main state to check on `Context` is:
+                # - `.cancelled_caught` (maps to nursery cs)
+                # - `.cancel_called` (bool of whether this side
+                #    requested)
+                # - `.canceller` (uid of cancel-causing actor-task)
+                # - `._remote_error` (any `RemoteActorError`
+                #    instance from other side of context)
+                # TODO: are we really planning to use this tho?
+                # - `._cancel_msg` (any msg that caused the
+                #    cancel)
+
+                # CASE: error raised during handling of
+                # `ContextCancelled` inside `.open_context()`
+                # block
                 if error_during_ctxerr_handling:
                     assert isinstance(ctxerr, RuntimeError)
 
@@ -384,20 +444,42 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
                     for ctx in ctxs:
                         assert ctx.cancel_called
 
-                        # each context should have received
-                        # a silently absorbed context cancellation
-                        # from its peer actor's task.
-                        assert ctx.chan.uid == ctx.cancel_called_remote
-
                         # this root actor task should have
-                        # cancelled all opened contexts except
-                        # the sleeper which is cancelled by its
-                        # peer "canceller"
-                        if ctx is not sleeper_ctx:
-                            assert ctx._remote_error.canceller[0] == 'root'
+                        # cancelled all opened contexts except the
+                        # sleeper which is obvi by the "canceller"
+                        # peer.
+                        re = ctx._remote_error
+                        if (
+                            ctx is sleeper_ctx
+                            or ctx is caller_ctx
+                        ):
+                            assert (
+                                re.canceller
+                                ==
+                                ctx.canceller
+                                ==
+                                canceller.channel.uid
+                            )
 
+                        else:
+                            assert (
+                                re.canceller
+                                ==
+                                ctx.canceller
+                                ==
+                                root.uid
+                            )
+
+                # CASE: standard teardown inside in `.open_context()` block
                 else:
-                    assert ctxerr.canceller[0] == 'canceller'
+                    assert ctxerr.canceller == sleeper_ctx.canceller
+                    assert (
+                        ctxerr.canceller[0]
+                        ==
+                        sleeper_ctx.canceller[0]
+                        ==
+                        'canceller'
+                    )
 
                     # the sleeper's remote error is the error bubbled
                     # out of the context-stack above!
@@ -405,18 +487,43 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
                     assert re is ctxerr
 
                     for ctx in ctxs:
+                        re: BaseException | None = ctx._remote_error
+                        assert re
 
+                        # root doesn't cancel sleeper since it's
+                        # cancelled by its peer.
                         if ctx is sleeper_ctx:
                             assert not ctx.cancel_called
+                            # since sleeper_ctx.result() IS called
+                            # above we should have (silently)
+                            # absorbed the corresponding
+                            # `ContextCancelled` for it and thus
+                            # the logic inside `.cancelled_caught`
+                            # should trigger!
                             assert ctx.cancelled_caught
+
+                        elif ctx is caller_ctx:
+                            # since its context was remotely
+                            # cancelled, we never needed to
+                            # call `Context.cancel()` bc it was
+                            # done by the peer and also we never 
+                            assert ctx.cancel_called
+
+                            # TODO: figure out the details of
+                            # this..
+                            # if you look the `._local_error` here
+                            # is a multi of ctxc + 2 Cancelleds?
+                            # assert not ctx.cancelled_caught
+
                         else:
                             assert ctx.cancel_called
                             assert not ctx.cancelled_caught
 
-                        # each context should have received
+                        # TODO: do we even need this flag?
+                        # -> each context should have received
                         # a silently absorbed context cancellation
-                        # from its peer actor's task.
-                        assert ctx.chan.uid == ctx.cancel_called_remote
+                        # in its remote nursery scope.
+                        # assert ctx.chan.uid == ctx.canceller
 
                     # NOTE: when an inter-peer cancellation
                     # occurred, we DO NOT expect this
@@ -434,9 +541,7 @@ def test_peer_canceller(
                 # including the case where ctx-cancel handling
                 # itself errors.
                 assert sleeper_ctx.cancelled_caught
-                assert sleeper_ctx.cancel_called_remote[0] == 'sleeper'
 
-                # await tractor.pause()
                 raise  # always to ensure teardown
 
     if error_during_ctxerr_handling:

tractor/_discovery.py

@@ -211,10 +211,14 @@ async def find_actor(
         #     'Gathered portals:\n'
         #     f'{portals}'
         # )
-        if not portals:
+        # NOTE: `gather_contexts()` will return a
+        # `tuple[None, None, ..., None]` if no contact
+        # can be made with any regstrar at any of the
+        # N provided addrs!
+        if not any(portals):
             if raise_on_none:
                 raise RuntimeError(
-                    f'No {name} found registered @ {registry_addrs}'
+                    f'No actor "{name}" found registered @ {registry_addrs}'
                 )
             yield None
             return

tractor/_ipc.py

@@ -294,9 +294,11 @@ class Channel:
         self._agen = self._aiter_recv()
         self._exc: Optional[Exception] = None  # set if far end actor errors
         self._closed: bool = False
-        # flag set on ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` indicating
-        # remote (peer) cancellation of the far end actor runtime.
-        self._cancel_called: bool = False  # set on ``Portal.cancel_actor()``
+
+        # flag set by ``Portal.cancel_actor()`` indicating remote
+        # (possibly peer) cancellation of the far end actor
+        # runtime.
+        self._cancel_called: bool = False
 
     @classmethod
     def from_stream(

tractor/_multiaddr.py

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def parse_maddr(
     multiaddr: str,
 ) -> dict[str, str | int | dict]:
     '''
-    Parse a libp2p style "multiaddress" into it's distinct protocol
+    Parse a libp2p style "multiaddress" into its distinct protocol
     segments where each segment is of the form:
 
         `../<protocol>/<param0>/<param1>/../<paramN>`

tractor/_portal.py

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ from ._exceptions import (
     unpack_error,
     NoResult,
     ContextCancelled,
+    MessagingError,
 )
 from ._context import Context
 from ._streaming import MsgStream
@@ -71,11 +72,6 @@ def _unwrap_msg(
         raise unpack_error(msg, channel) from None
 
 
-# TODO: maybe move this to ._exceptions?
-class MessagingError(Exception):
-    'Some kind of unexpected SC messaging dialog issue'
-
-
 class Portal:
     '''
     A 'portal' to a memory-domain-separated `Actor`.
@@ -220,14 +216,18 @@ class Portal:
 
         try:
             # send cancel cmd - might not get response
-            # XXX: sure would be nice to make this work with a proper shield
+            # XXX: sure would be nice to make this work with
+            # a proper shield
             with trio.move_on_after(
                 timeout
                 or self.cancel_timeout
             ) as cs:
                 cs.shield = True
 
-                await self.run_from_ns('self', 'cancel')
+                await self.run_from_ns(
+                    'self',
+                    'cancel',
+                )
                 return True
 
             if cs.cancelled_caught:
@@ -462,10 +462,14 @@ class Portal:
         try:
             # the "first" value here is delivered by the callee's
             # ``Context.started()`` call.
-            first = msg['started']
+            first: Any = msg['started']
             ctx._started_called: bool = True
 
         except KeyError:
+
+            # TODO: can we maybe factor this into the new raiser
+            # `_streaming._raise_from_no_yield_msg()` and make that
+            # helper more generic, say with a `_no_<blah>_msg()`?
             if not (cid := msg.get('cid')):
                 raise MessagingError(
                     'Received internal error at context?\n'
@@ -517,54 +521,102 @@ class Portal:
                     # started in the ctx nursery.
                     ctx._scope.cancel()
 
-        # XXX: (maybe) shield/mask context-cancellations that were
-        # initiated by any of the context's 2 tasks. There are
-        # subsequently 2 operating cases for a "graceful cancel"
-        # of a `Context`:
-        # 
-        # 1.*this* side's task called `Context.cancel()`, in
-        #   which case we mask the `ContextCancelled` from bubbling
-        #   to the opener (much like how `trio.Nursery` swallows
-        #   any `trio.Cancelled` bubbled by a call to
-        #   `Nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()`)
+        # XXX NOTE XXX: maybe shield against
+        # self-context-cancellation (which raises a local
+        # `ContextCancelled`) when requested (via
+        # `Context.cancel()`) by the same task (tree) which entered
+        # THIS `.open_context()`.
         #
-        # 2.*the other* side's (callee/spawned) task cancelled due
-        #   to a self or peer cancellation request in which case we
-        #   DO let the error bubble to the opener.
+        # NOTE: There are 2 operating cases for a "graceful cancel"
+        # of a `Context`. In both cases any `ContextCancelled`
+        # raised in this scope-block came from a transport msg
+        # relayed from some remote-actor-task which our runtime set
+        # as a `Context._remote_error`
+        #
+        # the CASES:
+        #
+        # - if that context IS THE SAME ONE that called
+        #   `Context.cancel()`, we want to absorb the error
+        #   silently and let this `.open_context()` block to exit
+        #   without raising.
+        #
+        # - if it is from some OTHER context (we did NOT call
+        #   `.cancel()`), we want to re-RAISE IT whilst also
+        #   setting our own ctx's "reason for cancel" to be that
+        #   other context's cancellation condition; we set our
+        #   `.canceller: tuple[str, str]` to be same value as
+        #   caught here in a `ContextCancelled.canceller`.
+        #
+        # Again, there are 2 cases:
+        #
+        # 1-some other context opened in this `.open_context()`
+        #   block cancelled due to a self or peer cancellation
+        #   request in which case we DO let the error bubble to the
+        #   opener.
+        #
+        # 2-THIS "caller" task somewhere invoked `Context.cancel()`
+        #   and received a `ContextCanclled` from the "callee"
+        #   task, in which case we mask the `ContextCancelled` from
+        #   bubbling to this "caller" (much like how `trio.Nursery`
+        #   swallows any `trio.Cancelled` bubbled by a call to
+        #   `Nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()`)
         except ContextCancelled as ctxc:
             scope_err = ctxc
 
-            # CASE 1: this context was never cancelled
-            # via a local task's call to `Context.cancel()`.
-            if not ctx._cancel_called:
-                raise
-
             # CASE 2: context was cancelled by local task calling
             # `.cancel()`, we don't raise and the exit block should
             # exit silently.
-            else:
+            if (
+                ctx._cancel_called
+                and (
+                    ctxc is ctx._remote_error
+                    or
+                    ctxc.canceller is self.canceller
+                )
+            ):
                 log.debug(
                     f'Context {ctx} cancelled gracefully with:\n'
                     f'{ctxc}'
                 )
+            # CASE 1: this context was never cancelled via a local
+            # task (tree) having called `Context.cancel()`, raise
+            # the error since it was caused by someone else!
+            else:
+                raise
 
+        # the above `._scope` can be cancelled due to:
+        # 1. an explicit self cancel via `Context.cancel()` or
+        #    `Actor.cancel()`,
+        # 2. any "callee"-side remote error, possibly also a cancellation
+        #    request by some peer,
+        # 3. any "caller" (aka THIS scope's) local error raised in the above `yield`
         except (
-            # - a standard error in the caller/yieldee
+            # CASE 3: standard local error in this caller/yieldee
             Exception,
 
-            # - a runtime teardown exception-group and/or
-            #   cancellation request from a caller task.
-            BaseExceptionGroup,
-            trio.Cancelled,
+            # CASES 1 & 2: normally manifested as
+            # a `Context._scope_nursery` raised
+            # exception-group of,
+            # 1.-`trio.Cancelled`s, since
+            #   `._scope.cancel()` will have been called and any
+            #   `ContextCancelled` absorbed and thus NOT RAISED in
+            #   any `Context._maybe_raise_remote_err()`,
+            # 2.-`BaseExceptionGroup[ContextCancelled | RemoteActorError]`
+            #    from any error raised in the "callee" side with
+            #    a group only raised if there was any more then one
+            #    task started here in the "caller" in the
+            #    `yield`-ed to task.
+            BaseExceptionGroup,  # since overrun handler tasks may have been spawned
+            trio.Cancelled,  # NOTE: NOT from inside the ctx._scope
             KeyboardInterrupt,
 
         ) as err:
             scope_err = err
 
-            # XXX: request cancel of this context on any error.
-            # NOTE: `Context.cancel()` is conversely NOT called in
-            # the `ContextCancelled` "cancellation requested" case
-            # above.
+            # XXX: ALWAYS request the context to CANCEL ON any ERROR.
+            # NOTE: `Context.cancel()` is conversely NEVER CALLED in
+            # the `ContextCancelled` "self cancellation absorbed" case
+            # handled in the block above!
             log.cancel(
                 'Context cancelled for task due to\n'
                 f'{err}\n'
@@ -583,7 +635,7 @@ class Portal:
 
             raise  # duh
 
-        # no scope error case
+        # no local scope error, the "clean exit with a result" case.
         else:
             if ctx.chan.connected():
                 log.info(
@@ -597,15 +649,27 @@ class Portal:
                 # `Context._maybe_raise_remote_err()`) IFF
                 # a `Context._remote_error` was set by the runtime
                 # via a call to
-                # `Context._maybe_cancel_and_set_remote_error()`
-                # which IS SET any time the far end fails and
-                # causes "caller side" cancellation via
-                # a `ContextCancelled` here.
-                result = await ctx.result()
-                log.runtime(
-                    f'Context {fn_name} returned value from callee:\n'
-                    f'`{result}`'
-                )
+                # `Context._maybe_cancel_and_set_remote_error()`.
+                # As per `Context._deliver_msg()`, that error IS
+                # ALWAYS SET any time "callee" side fails and causes "caller
+                # side" cancellation via a `ContextCancelled` here.
+                # result = await ctx.result()
+                try:
+                    result = await ctx.result()
+                    log.runtime(
+                        f'Context {fn_name} returned value from callee:\n'
+                        f'`{result}`'
+                    )
+                except BaseException as berr:
+                    # on normal teardown, if we get some error
+                    # raised in `Context.result()` we still want to
+                    # save that error on the ctx's state to
+                    # determine things like `.cancelled_caught` for
+                    # cases where there was remote cancellation but
+                    # this task didn't know until final teardown
+                    # / value collection.
+                    scope_err = berr
+                    raise
 
         finally:
             # though it should be impossible for any tasks
@@ -655,12 +719,14 @@ class Portal:
                 with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                     await ctx._recv_chan.aclose()
 
-            # XXX: since we always (maybe) re-raise (and thus also
-            # mask runtime machinery related
-            # multi-`trio.Cancelled`s) any scope error which was
-            # the underlying cause of this context's exit, add
-            # different log msgs for each of the (2) cases.
+            # XXX: we always raise remote errors locally and
+            # generally speaking mask runtime-machinery related
+            # multi-`trio.Cancelled`s. As such, any `scope_error`
+            # which was the underlying cause of this context's exit
+            # should be stored as the `Context._local_error` and
+            # used in determining `Context.cancelled_caught: bool`.
             if scope_err is not None:
+                ctx._local_error: BaseException = scope_err
                 etype: Type[BaseException] = type(scope_err)
 
                 # CASE 2
@@ -690,7 +756,7 @@ class Portal:
             await maybe_wait_for_debugger()
 
             # FINALLY, remove the context from runtime tracking and
-            # exit Bo
+            # exit!
             self.actor._contexts.pop(
                 (self.channel.uid, ctx.cid),
                 None,

tractor/_root.py

@@ -85,6 +85,10 @@ async def open_root_actor(
     enable_modules: list | None = None,
     rpc_module_paths: list | None = None,
 
+    # NOTE: allow caller to ensure that only one registry exists
+    # and that this call creates it.
+    ensure_registry: bool = False,
+
 ) -> Actor:
     '''
     Runtime init entry point for ``tractor``.
@@ -206,6 +210,12 @@ async def open_root_actor(
     # REGISTRAR
     if ponged_addrs:
 
+        if ensure_registry:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                 f'Failed to open `{name}`@{ponged_addrs}: '
+                'registry socket(s) already bound'
+            )
+
         # we were able to connect to an arbiter
         logger.info(
             f'Registry(s) seem(s) to exist @ {ponged_addrs}'

tractor/_spawn.py

@@ -204,6 +204,21 @@ async def do_hard_kill(
     # terminate_after: int = 99999,
 
 ) -> None:
+    '''
+    Un-gracefully terminate an OS level `trio.Process` after timeout.
+
+    Used in 2 main cases:
+
+    - "unknown remote runtime state": a hanging/stalled actor that
+      isn't responding after sending a (graceful) runtime cancel
+      request via an IPC msg.
+    - "cancelled during spawn": a process who's actor runtime was
+      cancelled before full startup completed (such that
+      cancel-request-handling machinery was never fully
+      initialized) and thus a "cancel request msg" is never going
+      to be handled.
+
+    '''
     # NOTE: this timeout used to do nothing since we were shielding
     # the ``.wait()`` inside ``new_proc()`` which will pretty much
     # never release until the process exits, now it acts as
@@ -219,6 +234,9 @@ async def do_hard_kill(
         # and wait for it to exit. If cancelled, kills the process and
         # waits for it to finish exiting before propagating the
         # cancellation.
+        #
+        # This code was originally triggred by ``proc.__aexit__()``
+        # but now must be called manually.
         with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
             if proc.stdin is not None:
                 await proc.stdin.aclose()
@@ -234,10 +252,14 @@ async def do_hard_kill(
                 with trio.CancelScope(shield=True):
                     await proc.wait()
 
+    # XXX NOTE XXX: zombie squad dispatch:
+    # (should ideally never, but) If we do get here it means
+    # graceful termination of a process failed and we need to
+    # resort to OS level signalling to interrupt and cancel the
+    # (presumably stalled or hung) actor. Since we never allow
+    # zombies (as a feature) we ask the OS to do send in the
+    # removal swad as the last resort.
     if cs.cancelled_caught:
-        # XXX: should pretty much never get here unless we have
-        # to move the bits from ``proc.__aexit__()`` out and
-        # into here.
         log.critical(f"#ZOMBIE_LORD_IS_HERE: {proc}")
         proc.kill()
 
@@ -252,10 +274,13 @@ async def soft_wait(
     portal: Portal,
 
 ) -> None:
-    # Wait for proc termination but **dont' yet** call
-    # ``trio.Process.__aexit__()`` (it tears down stdio
-    # which will kill any waiting remote pdb trace).
-    # This is a "soft" (cancellable) join/reap.
+    '''
+    Wait for proc termination but **dont' yet** teardown
+    std-streams (since it will clobber any ongoing pdb REPL
+    session). This is our "soft" (and thus itself cancellable)
+    join/reap on an actor-runtime-in-process.
+
+    '''
     uid = portal.channel.uid
     try:
         log.cancel(f'Soft waiting on actor:\n{uid}')
@@ -278,7 +303,13 @@ async def soft_wait(
                 await wait_func(proc)
                 n.cancel_scope.cancel()
 
+            # start a task to wait on the termination of the
+            # process by itself waiting on a (caller provided) wait
+            # function which should unblock when the target process
+            # has terminated.
             n.start_soon(cancel_on_proc_deth)
+
+            # send the actor-runtime a cancel request.
             await portal.cancel_actor()
 
             if proc.poll() is None:  # type: ignore